1,721,028 research outputs found
(CHAPTER II) ICT as a General Purpose Technology
No full textin Modelling ICT as a General Purpose Technology, Evaluation Models and Tools for Assessment of Innovation and Sustainable Development at the EU Level , Edited by P. Guerrieri and P.C. Padoan, College of Europe, Bruges
Utilizzo dei “servizi alle imprese” e competitività internazionale in Europa: un’analisi a livello settoriale
No full textIn questo lavoro si analizza, e si stima econometricamente, il contributo fornito dal settore dei “Servizi alle imprese” alla competitività internazionale delle industrie manifatturiere che acquistano e utilizzano input di produzione intangibili (in particolare quelli forniti dai settori dell’informatica, delle comunicazioni e degli altri servizi alle imprese). L’analisi empirica si basa sull’integrazione di diverse fonti di dati settoriali (a due digit) disponibili a livello internazionale, in particolare le tavole input-output e i dati economico-strutturali (STAN) di fonte OCSE e i dati forniti dalle indagini europee sull’innovazione (CIS-EUROSTAT). Tale integrazione ha reso necessario restringere l’analisi ad un sottogruppo di paesi europei (Francia, Germania, Italia, Regno Unito e Spagna). Il principale valore aggiunto di questo lavoro consiste nell’analizzare il contributo specifico fornito dai servizi alle imprese alla competitività internazionale dei settori manifatturieri in aggiunta al ruolo svolto dai tradizionali input innovativi interni quali le attività di ricerca e sviluppo e l’acquisto di nuovi mezzi di produzione. I risultati dell’analisi empirica mostrano che il settore dei servizi alle imprese è in grado di esercitare un effetto positivo sulle esportazioni dei “settori utilizzatori” anche se in misura diversa a seconda della tipologia di input e del settore utilizzatore. Sia nei settori ad alta tecnologia che in quelli meno innovativi la domanda di servizi alle imprese sembra sostenere strategie finalizzate ad innalzare il contenuto qualitativo e innovativo dei prodotti esportati piuttosto che alla riduzione dei costi di produzione
Technology and Performance: a comparative assessment of computable general equilibrium models (CGE)
No full textin Modelling ICT as a General Purpose Technology, Evaluation Models and Tools for Assessment of Innovation and Sustainable Development at the EU Level , Edited by P. Guerrieri and P.C. Padoan, College of Europe, Bruges
The use of business services and International competitiveness in Europe: a sectoral analysis
No full textThis article analyzes, with econometrical estimates, the contribution of the “business services” sector to the intrenational competitiveness of manufacturing industries that puechase and utilize intangible production inputs (specifically information and communications technology and other business services). The empirical analysis integrates sectoral data (two digit) from various international sources, in particular the OECD Structural Analysis database and Eurostat’s Community Innovation Survey. To integrate the two sources it was necessary to narrow the field to a sub-group of European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. The main contribution of the study consists in the analysis of the specific contribution of business services to the international competitiveness of different manufacturing industries in addition to the role of the traditional internal innovation inputs, such as research and development and the acquisition of new production equipment. The empirical findings indicate that the business service sector has a positive effect on the exports of the “user sectors” that varies with the type of input and sector
The economic impact of digital technologies in Europe
No full textThis paper analyses the economic impact of digital technologies in Europe distinguishing between different stages/domains of the digitalization process. A set of composite ICT indicators is used capturing the access to ICTs, the ability to use them and the digital empowerment of individuals in key social and economic domains. We argue that the mere accessibility to ICT facilities is only a pre-condition for moving towards a digitalized society, while the “level” and the “quality” in the use of these technologies, as well as the conditions facilitating or hampering digital empowerment, play a much more important role. Several transmission mechanisms from ICT access, usage and digital empowerment to key macroeconomic variables (namely labor productivity, GDP per capita, employment growth and the employment rate) are identified. The econometric evidence supports our hypotheses showing that the usage of ICT, and mostly digital empowerment, exert the major economic effects, especially on employment also favoring the inclusion of “disadvantaged” groups in the labor market. We conclude that digitalization may drive productivity and employment growth and that inclusive policies may effectively contribute to bridge the gap between the most favoured and the disadvantaged parts of the population, thus helping achieving the 2020 Europe targets
Integration in Global Value Chains and Employment
No full textThe chapter selectively reviews the theoretical and empirical literatures on the potential sources of countries’ asymmetries in their integration in global value chains (GVCs), with the aim of identifying the effects of such processes on the dynamics and composition of employment. We consider asymmetries related to the positioning of countries in: (i) the new international division of labor; (ii) the global technology landscape; and (iii) their initial production and employment structure. We conclude by proposing avenues of research to account for the complex factors that affect how countries position within GVCs and what are the opportunities for technological, functional, and employment upgrading
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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