130,459 research outputs found
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Familial early infantile epileptic encephalopathy and cardiac conduction disorder: A rare cause of SUDEP in infancy
No full textThe authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research of this article: Whole-exome sequencing in three cases was included in the project, titled 'Investigation of genetic etiology in patients with Epileptic Encephalopaties using Whole-Exome Sequencing'. D. Turkdogan executed this project granted by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Project No. 214S624).Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [214S624
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
Nitriding of aluminium-containing steels
No full textThis thesis describes a study of the nitriding
behaviour of some aluminium-containing low alloy steels with
and without chromium. The main aim of the study has been
to establish the relationship between prior heat treatment
and nitriding process variables on the nitriding response of
the aluminium containing steels. Emphasis was placed on
establishing the metallography of the steels nitrided under
controlled conditions, using transmission electron microscopy of thin foils and carbon replicas, optical microscopy and microhardness measurements. A potentiostatic etching method was used for the extraction of carbides and nitrides, and those phases which were present were determined by X-ray diffraction and X-ray microanalysis.
In addition to the known nitride phases, i. e. f. c. c
CrN and hexagonal A1N, another phase with a-Fe type d-spacing was observed, and subsequently identified as f. c. c. A1N of NaCl structure with a ti 4.05 A. This phase transforms to hexagonal A1N if the nitrided specimen is annealed at 700°C. The latter phase was found to be rich in silicon. Unlike CrN, the precipitation of A1N is greatly influenced by the nitriding temperature and the NH3 content of the gas mixture.
The formation of the carburized layer depends on
the internal compressive stress of nitrided layer. The size
of the carbides is an impörtant factor in the formation of
this layer. Larger: carbides are more stable and less likely
to dissolve during nitriding. In bulk specimens, nitrided
in high NH3 content so as to form a white layer on the
surface, carbide concentration takes place under the white
layer.
The effect of process variables on the fatigue resistance of nitrided steel has been investigated. Specimens of "Nitralloy" En41A have been gas nitrided under
controlled conditions to produce steep and shallow case-hardness profiles with and without white layer. The resultant fatigue properties have been related to the microstructure, hardness profile, residual stress and case depth. The fatigue resistance of the nitrided En41A steel depend on the residual stress level in the case, and to a certain extent on the microstructure of the nitrided layer.
Nitriding at 570°C produces low residual stress and also
causes embrittlement of the nitrided layer
- …
