1,721,064 research outputs found
Les compétences numériques en archéologie : un défi majeur et des risques de déni
Full text linkNational audienceIn the face of the digital skills injunctions that have been imposed on archaeologists for some forty years, as in many other professional domains, the author discusses the possibility of denial processes when archaeologists, accordingly, are forced to adopt digital devices and change their professional practices. After recalling the general principles of a “digital revolution” situated between a positivist vision and an ideology of communication, the author successively discusses its consequences on the new skills to be acquired by archaeologists and on their practices linked to the use of digital tools. The risks of rejection of these new obligations by some archaeologists are explained. Faced with these complex and multifaceted processes, professional archaeological institutions must provide responses that respect individuals in the diversity of their skills, practices and subjectivity.Face aux injonctions en compétences numériques qui s’imposent aux archéologues depuis une quarantaine d’années, comme dans de nombreux autres domaines professionnels, l’auteur évoque la possibilité de processus de déni lorsque les archéologues sont contraints d’adopter des dispositifs numériques et de faire évoluer, en conséquence, leurs pratiques professionnelles. Après un rappel des principes généraux d’une “révolution numérique”, située entre vision positiviste et idéologie de la communication, l’auteur en évoque successivement les conséquences sur les nouvelles compétences à acquérir pour les archéologues et sur leurs pratiques liées à l’usage d’outils numériques. Les risques de rejet de ces nouvelles obligations par une partie des archéologues sont explicités. Face à ces processus complexes et multiformes, les institutions de l’archéologie professionnelle doivent apporter des réponses respectueuses des individus dans la diversité de leurs compétences, de leurs pratiques et de leur subjectivité
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Ce que le numérique fait à l'archéologie et aux archéologues. Un retour d'expériences et un projet de recherche en cours
No full textInternational audienceThe article presents the ongoing work of a PhD in history at CY Cergy ParisUniversity, in partnership with the Institut National du Patrimoine. The current andincreasingly rapid deployment of digital devices in archaeology remains poorly questioned,especially for research activities in this discipline. While the new digital tools and practicesattempt to make themselves accessible to the greatest number of people, they also leave outsome archaeologists and reveal risks of fracture in work collectives. From an observantparticipation, the author proposes a reflexive research work in epistemological, history ofscience and technology and sociology of professional archaeological organisations. Theeffects studied concern archaeology as a discipline, and archaeologists as a set of individualskills, collective practices and professional identities. The study material is made up ofnumerous observations and feedback from more than ten years of experience in the field ofarchaeological field data acquisition at the Institut national de recherches archéologiquespréventives (Inrap) and in several collective multidisciplinary research projects.L'article présente le travail en cours d'une thèse d'histoire à CY Cergy Paris Université, en partenariat avec l'Institut National du Patrimoine. Le déploiement en cours et de plus en plus rapide de dispositifs numériques en archéologie demeure faiblement interrogé, en particulier pour les activités de recherche dans cette discipline. Si les nouveaux moyens et les nouvelles pratiques numériques tentent de se rendre accessibles au plus grand nombre, elles laissent aussi de côté une partie des archéologues et révèlent des risques de fracture des collectifs de travail. Depuis une participation observante, l'auteur propose un travail réflexif pour une recherche épistémologique, d'histoire des sciences et techniques et de sociologie des organisations professionnelles de l'archéologie. Les effets étudiés concernent l'archéologie comme discipline et les archéologues comme ensemble de compétences individuelles, de pratiques collectives et d'identités professionnelles. Les matériaux d'étude sont constitués par de nombreuses observations et retours d'expérience depuis plus de dix ans dans le domaine de l'acquisition des données archéologiques de terrain, au sein de l'Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), et dans plusieurs projets collectifs de recherche pluridisciplinaires. réflexivité, épistémologie, histoire des sciences et techniques, sociologie des organisations professionnelles, gouvernementalité
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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