215 research outputs found
Breves Observações sobre a Edda em Prosa
No full textResumo
Este artigo é uma pequena contribuição para o estudo da mitologia escandinava medieval, e tem como objetivo estimular o conhecimento da obra islandesa Edda em prosa, através de breves observações sobre as análises acadêmicas tradicionais que a abordam como obra de um único autor.
Palavras-chave: Literatura Medieval, Islândia, Edda em prosa
Abstract
This article is a small contribution to the study of mediaeval Scandinavian mythology. Its objective is to stimulate interest in the Icelandic Prose Edda, through brief observations about traditional academic analysis, which treats it as the work of a single author.
Keywords: Mediaeval Literature, Iceland, Prose Edd
Effect of Hemolysis Regarding the Characterization and Prognostic Relevance of Neuron Specific Enolase (NSE) after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with Extracorporeal Circulation (eCPR)
No full textBackground: Hemolysis, a common adverse event associated with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO), may affect neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels and potentially confound its prognostic value in predicting neurological outcomes in resuscitated patients without return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) that require extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR). Therefore, a better understanding of the relationship between hemolysis and NSE levels could help to improve the accuracy of NSE as a prognostic marker in this patient population. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of patients who received a VA-ECMO for eCPR between 2004 and 2021 and were treated in the medical intensive care unit (ICU) of the University Hospital Jena. The outcome was measured clinically by using the Cerebral Performance Category Scale (CPC) four weeks after eCPR. The serum concentration of NSE (baseline until 96 h) was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To evaluate the ability of individual NSE measurements to discriminate, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. Serum-free hemoglobin (fHb, baseline until 96 h) served as a marker for identifying a confounding effect of parallel hemolysis. Results: 190 patients were included in our study. A total of 86.8% died within 4 weeks after ICU admission or remained unconscious (CPC 3–5), and 13.2% survived with a residual mild to moderate neurological deficit (CPC 1–2). Starting 24h after CPR, NSE was significantly lower and continued to decrease in patients with CPC 1–2 compared to the group with an unfavorable outcome of CPC 3–5. In addition, when evaluating on the basis of receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), relevant and stable area under the curve (AUC) values for NSE could be calculated (48 h: 0.85 // 72 h: 0.84 // 96 h: 0.80; p < 0.01), and on the basis of a binary logistic regression model, relevant odds ratios for the NSE values were found even after adjusting for fHb regarding the prediction of an unfavorable outcome of CPC 3–5. The respective adjusted AUCs of the combined predictive probabilities were significant (48 h: 0.79 // 72 h: 0.76 // 96 h: 0.72; p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Our study confirms NSE as a reliable prognostic marker for poor neurological outcomes in resuscitated patients receiving VA-ECMO therapy. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that potential hemolysis during VA-ECMO does not significantly impact NSE’s prognostic value. These findings are crucial for clinical decision making and prognostic assessment in this patient population
Educación política para una democracia radical
No full textThis article takes as starting point the understanding that liberal democracy is in crisis. The article draws upon a systematic review of the literature to examine alternative democratic discourses, including radical democracy as conceived by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. Following their work, it is understood that political education should facilitate opportunities for students to open, expand and change our existing democratic arrangements. Political education framed in these terms could follow three types of pedagogies: pedagogies of difference, pedagogies of articulation and pedagogies of equivalence. The article concludes by drawing upon existing qualitative research by author Edda Sant to consider examples of what these pedagogies could look like in practice
Reflections on the Creation of Snorri Sturluson’s Prose Edda
No full textSince Elias Wessén’s facsimile edition of the Codex Regius of the Younger Edda (1940) most scholars have agreed (if a little hesitantly) with his theory that the Prose Edda was composed back to front, and that Háttatal was the first part to be written. This theory has also played an important role in the dating of Edda. The present article begins by investigating the arguments that lay behind Wessén’s conclusions and finds them to be very weak. On the basis of the discussion conducted here of the potential connection and lack of connection that exists between Háttatal, Skáldskaparmál, Gylfaginning and the Prologue, the conclusion is that as several Icelandic scholars have earlier hinted, it is necessary for future scholars to carry out more research into the various parts of the Edda as individual works rather than as a whole. As is shown, there is good reason for postulating that the corpus of tales that lies behind Gylfaginning was probably essentially gathered during Snorri’s years in Oddi (1180–1198) and that this might also apply to the corpus of stanzas and lists of kennings that form the lion’s share of Skáldskaparmál, even if the final touches to these didactic works was written later, perhaps during Snorri’s years in Reykjaholt (after 1206 and before the visit to Norway in 1218). This might explain why earlier efforts to find a single archetype for the Edda as a whole have hitherto been more or less in vain: The likelihood is that for Edda as a whole there was not just one archetype but it is more a question of three works which were later assembled into one, along with a Prologue which may have previously accompanied a version of Gylfaginning. There is little question that the poet who wrote Háttatal in 1222–25 had already attained training in composing verse that provided him with a detailed knowledge of the poetic language, kennings and heiti. However, with regard to the potential connection between Háttatal and the rest of the Edda, it needs to be borne in mind that there was actually very little need to explain the poetic language used in the poem. On the contrary: anyone trained in listening to skaldic poetry could most likely have understood almost all of the roughly 230 kennings in the poem, very few of which actually build upon tales told in Skáldskaparmál and Gylfaginning. It seems likely that Snorri’s main innovation for the cultural history of Iceland with the various parts of the Edda was his organisation of the extant heathen mythology and the materials that had been used to train poets over the centuries. In short, his skill here was more that of an editor more than of a creative author. Indeed, this is reflected in in the DG 11 4to manuscript in Uppsala, which states that he ‘setti saman’, or compiled existing knowledge about the heathen gods and the traditional poetry
Educación política para una democracia radical
No full textThis article takes as starting point the understanding that liberal democracy is in crisis. The article draws upon a systematic review of the literature to examine alternative democratic discourses, including radical democracy as conceived by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. Following their work, it is understood that political education should facilitate opportunities for students to open, expand and change our existing democratic arrangements. Political education framed in these terms could follow three types of pedagogies: pedagogies of difference, pedagogies of articulation and pedagogies of equivalence. The article concludes by drawing upon existing qualitative research by author Edda Sant to consider examples of what these pedagogies could look like in practice.Este artículo parte del argumento, la democracia liberal está en crisis. Partiendo de un análisis sistemático de la literatura, se identifican modelos alternativos que podrían remplazar este tipo de democracia hasta ahora hegemónico. A continuación, se hace una propuesta para una educación política alineada con la democracia radical que plantean Ernesto Laclau y Chantal Mouffe. Se entiende que el objetivo de la educación democrática radical y política debe facilitar que el alumnado pueda abrir, expandir y cambiar el proyecto democrático. Para ello, se propone tres pedagogías: pedagogías para la diferencia, para la articulación y para la equivalencia que, desde este punto de vista, pueden contribuir a este objetivo. Se termina el artículo presentando ejemplos de cómo estas pedagogías se podrían llevar a la práctica basados en las investigaciones cualitativas recientes de la autora Edda Sant
”Äventyrets maskulina geografi: Sigfrid Siwertz och den borgerliga reseskildringen under mellankrigstiden”. I: Edda. Nordisk tidsskrift for litteraturforskning, 2008:2
No full textThe traveller is generally regarded as the embodiment of a masculine identity, one who conquers, colonizes and civilizes. In this article, I analyse the genre of travel writing, highlighting the ambivalent character of the male encounter with colonized people during the interwar era. The works of the renowned Swedish author Sigfrid Siwertz (1859– 1971) serve as my starting point in an attempt to map the geography of gender by approaching the dynamic relationship between colonial discourses and narratives of adventure. Using theories developed within the framework of gender studies, I demonstrate how travel writing can be read as a site of conflict between interdependent imaginings of Nordic and foreign masculinity. Following on, I argue that the interwar traveller transforms the hegemonic idea of imperial masculinity and the ideal of adventurous manliness
Shaping Online News Performance
No full textThe author offers a comprehensive portrait of online news performance in Western countries in changing media environments. Drawing on a content analysis of 48 news outlets from different types of media organization in France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Switzerland, and USA, Edda Humprecht investigates the complex interplay of systemic and organizational dynamics and their impact on online news content, showing that the performance of online news media strongly varies among different media outlets. Less profit oriented outlets and those with a focus on information generally perform well offering hard news, diversity, critical distance, or analytical depth. This suggests that the divide between high and low-performing outlets is tied to the news outlet's capacity and willingness to strike a balance between their profit orientation and their normative role as information providers. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that different dimensions of news performance are more pronounced in certain countries. This book provides new theoretical perspectives and methods for political and media scholars, and insights for journalists, policymakers, and concerned citizens
On the mythological songs of the “Elder Edda” as a system
No full textThis article is a systemic linguistic and stylistic analysis of the corpus of mythological
songs of the “Elder Edda” in a wide cultural and historical context: folklore,
ritual, literary. This approach made it possible to propose an interpretation of the
mythological songs of the “Elder Edda” as a system and take a fresh look at their
semantics, composition, structure, style and lexical organization. The most relevant
results of the study of the linguistic and stylistic features of the Eddic songs of the
mythological cycle can be considered the definition of linguo-stylistic features of various
genre structures in their composition, the explanation of their coexistence, the
identification of their source and the building of a hierarchy of mythological songs
of the “Elder Edda” depending on the degree of representation in them of various
genres. For the first time, the study of the mechanism of cultural dynamics makes
it possible to use genres, plot, structure, images, motives of the Eddic text in the
reconstruction of the mythopoetic model of the world. The author singles out the
most representative genres (tula, cosmological and epistemological song, vision,
memory, conspiracy, competition in wisdom, travel, afterlife poetry) and markers
(the time of creation, the substance that served as material for the creation of the universe, subjects and objects of creation), allowing to evaluate their productivity
and give a comparative description. On the basis of a detailed linguostylistic analysis
of the mythological cycle of the “Elder Edda”, a different degree of closeness between
mythological songs is established and their plot-genre classification is proposed. The
author’s scientific hypothesis consists in the assumption of the deduction of linguostylistic
methods of the Eddic cycle from the mythological situation of primordial
creation, the dominance of the sacred sphere, which determines the strategy of the
characters’ behavior and the results of their activities, anthropocentric orientation,
which is expressed in the description of cosmogenesis in genealogical terms
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