259 research outputs found
Social Representations of Politics
No full textCezary Trutkowski (Poland). Social representations of Politics. Mr. Trutkowski is an assistant in the Institute for Social Research of the University of Warsaw and worked on this research from August 1997 to July 1999.
Research into social representations requires the use of various methods to show the phenomenon from different angles. In contrast with the contemporary trend towards the measurement of attitudes in opinion surveys, Trutkowski examined social representations of politics in order to study the problem of political participation. He thus aimed to study a problem which he sees as social in nature from a really sociological perspective.
His research revealed a very distinctive difference between the social representations of politics shared by politicians and by the general public. The former consider politics in general as struggle for power which can be used to pursue their own vision of social order. They perceive political activity as a kind of homage to be paid to the greater idea that they pursue. At the same time, politicians admitted that politics is very often treated by political actors as a means of gaining personal profit, becoming purely a fight for the power to rule. According to voters, politicians should be treated as employees on a contract, the duration of which depends on their performance. Politics is therefore not a homage to an idea but a service to citizens. They did however admit that this is wishful thinking in Poland today. A content analysis of electoral campaigns confirmed the dark side of the representation of politics: politicians spend the campaign making promises and presenting visions on television, and quarrelling and fighting in everyday activities that were reported by the press.
Trutkowski sees his research as a contribution to the foundations of a new approach to studying mass phenomena. By reviving some forgotten ideas of Durkheim and the Chicago School and incorporating the theory of social representations with a new methodological programme, he believes that it is possible to build a more social social psychology and sociology
Wybór czy konieczność — o potrzebie wykorzystania analizy dyskursu w socjologii
No full textThe Author maintains that the status of theory of discourse in sociological analysis is one of the major problems, which the researchers have to face. He postulates the inclusion of discourse analysis in the methodological and theoretical area of interest of sociologists because the reality in which social processes take place is discursive reality. Thus, the study of discourse is no longer a choice for a sociologist but a necessity. The Author points to the fact that the mediated nature of our times stimulates and influences the change of social representations and that should be studied by virtue of discourse analysis.The Author maintains that the status of theory of discourse in sociological analysis is one of the major problems, which the researchers have to face. He postulates the inclusion of discourse analysis in the methodological and theoretical area of interest of sociologists because the reality in which social processes take place is discursive reality. Thus, the study of discourse is no longer a choice for a sociologist but a necessity. The Author points to the fact that the mediated nature of our times stimulates and influences the change of social representations and that should be studied by virtue of discourse analysis
Gaius’ “Institutiones” by Cezary Kunderewicz
No full textIn his work the author presents the process of creating the first complete Polish translation of Gaius’s Institutiones by Cezary Kunderewicz (in the 19th c. the first two books were translated into Polish by Dydyński). The translation was published by PWN in 1982 (in 2003 another Polish edition was published by Rozwadowski). The author supposes that professor Kunderewicz probably started his translation in the early 1970s. He refers to his own memories as he is now the oldest disciple of Professor Kunderewicz. The author mentions that Kunderewicz was excellently prepared for this difficult work. Several years earlier Kunderewicz translated the treatise on Roman Aqueducts written by Frontinus. The article is clearly based on memories. This is the reason why the author is quoting only one review of Kunderewicz’s translation and why he does no try to evaluate the translation. In the end the author writes also about Kunderewicz’s another translation – Polish edition of Justinian’s Institutes, which was published in 1986
The need for changes in local government
No full textPublished online: June 2023In the volume, we have collected opinions and recommendations on the need for changes in the system and practices of local government to outline the field of discussion. The need for changes in local government was commented on by a group of distinguished scholars of local communities, public policy, administrative law, public finance, demography, and spatial management. Our ambition was to create an interdisciplinary team diverse enough not to unnecessarily limit the debate on the state of local government and self-government, but to enable it to go beyond narrowly defined, tunnel-vision thinking about the problems and phenomena present in the space of local government operations. The authors of the individual chapters, representing various scientific circles located in the seven largest Polish cities, have prepared for us a collection of reflections, assessments, and practical solutions, which we hope will be an important contribution to future public debate. Among the topics the authors have addressed are key challenges facing local government, such as land use, local government finance, public services, and local and regional development. We do not avoid areas related to civic awareness, decentralization processes, spatial organization, and demography.-- Wstęp. Reformatorzy i naprawiacze
-- Rozdział 1. Warunki rozwoju samorządności terytorialnej
-- Rozdział 2. Samorząd terytorialny w polskim porządku publicznym (po 30 latach doświadczeń) -- Rozdział 3. Wzrost i regres polskiej decentralizacji (w perspektywie europejskiej)
-- Rozdział 4. Reformować samorząd czy państwo? Deficyty samorządności jako źródło zmian instytucjonalnych i przebudowy państwa
-- Rozdział 5. Co zmienić w samorządzie terytorialnym?
-- Rozdział 6. Możliwości doskonalenia samorządu terytorialnego
-- Rozdział 7. Modernizacja systemu samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce
-- Rozdział 8. Demokracja lokalna a reguły wyborów – ciąg dalszy
-- Rozdział 9. Aktualne problemy i wyzwania finansów samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce
-- Rozdział 10. Kształtowanie podatków i opłat lokalnych – wnioski de lege ferenda
-- Rozdział 11. Wyzwania organizacji przestrzennej kraju w różnych skalach terytorialnych w dobie kryzysów i niepewnej przyszłości
-- Rozdział 12. Gospodarowanie przestrzenią w systemie samorządu terytorialnego: wyzwania, dylematy i konieczne kierunki reform
-- Rozdział 13. Demokracja lokalna – bliżej obywatela
-- Rozdział 14. Współtworzenie usług publicznych w Polsce – utopia czy szansa na rozwój?
-- Rozdział 15. Obywatelskie prawo do gminy i miasta – perspektywa socjologiczna
-- Rozdział 16. Aktualność propozycji zawartych w prezydenckim projekcie ustawy o współdziałaniu w samorządzie terytorialnym na rzecz rozwoju lokalnego i regionalnego z 2013 r
Is it not too bad or not too good? Changes in the perception of the prevalence of corruption in Poland in the light of social studies
No full textArtykuł podejmuje problem analizy zmian mierzonego w badaniach społecznych poziomu korupcji i jej postrzegania w Polsce w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat. Autorzy przedstawiają i interpretują wiele miar poziomu korupcji i percepcji korupcji tworzonych na podstawie różnego rodzaju badań i analiz, próbując odpowiedzieć na pytania o powody zmienności wskazań, a także – na bazie danych – o skuteczność polityk antykorupcyjnych podejmowanych Polsce.The authors discuss the changes in the level of perception of corruption in Poland in the last 20 years. They present many measures of (perception of) corruption in order to explain their changeability in time and the differences between them. They also raise the problem of efficiency of anti-corruption policies with regard to measured levels of corruption
Effective Defence in the Pre-trial Detention Proceedings (Remarks in the Light of the Judgment of Strasburg Tribunal of January 15, 2008, Łaszkiewicz v. Poland)
No full textZdigitalizowano i udostępniono w ramach projektu pn. Rozbudowa otwartych zasobów naukowych Repozytorium Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, dofinansowanego z programu „Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki” Ministra Edukacji i Nauki na podstawie umowy SONB/SP/512497/2021The article analyzes fundamental problems of the effective participation of the defence counsel in the pre-trial detention sessions in the Polish criminal procedure. One of the last judgments of the Strasburg Tribunal (Łaszkiewicz v. Poland case of January 15, 2008, ECHR nr 28481/03) constitutes the background for the deliberation. Violation of article 5 § 4 was announced because the procedure of the judicial application of the detention in preparatory proceedings in the Polish 1997 Code of Criminal Procedure does not fulfil the requirements of the adversarial procedure based on the principle of equal weapons. According to the Polish procedural regulations, the court grants the defence access to the files of not only preparatory proceedings but also or even most of all, to the detention motion, upon the approval of the prosecutor. Those regulations constituted basis for the recognition of the complaint by the Strasburg Tribunal. Based on the statistical data, author analyzes the reasons of weakness of the judicial control over the detention in the provisions of the 1997 Code of Criminal Procedure and reaches to the procedural practice based on the provisions of the previous Code of 1969. He indicates the “mudded” responsibility between the organs deciding upon the detention: applying prosecutor and deciding court. The article also deals with the problem of favor procuratori that is the need of some cooperation between the advocate and prosecutor necessary for the effective defence in the preparatory proceedings. Author emphasizes dangers arising from an increasing significance of the operational and identification actions in the Polish criminal procedure. He calls for the amendment of the provisions of the 1997 Coder of Criminal Procedure challenged by the ECHR.Prof. dr hab. Cezary Kulesza was born in Rajgród, Poland, on August, 3, 1960. He was graduated in Economy (1983) and in Law (1985) at Warsaw University, Branch in Białystok. Ph.D. in Law since 1989 after graduation with the dissertation “Examining justice in the preparatory proceedings’ model in the comparative perspective”(published Białystok 1991) at the Warsaw University in Warsaw. Also, at Warsaw University he has defended on November, 1996, his habilitation dissertation “The injured person in the Polish criminal proceedings in the light of law and practice of the selected western countries (published Białystok 1995) .On March, 2007, he received Professor degree & since November 2007 he is Chief of the Chair of Criminal Proceedings at the University in Białystok. 1993-1998 Member of the Supervisory Board of the Polish Society on Victimology. In 1990 he passed judge exam & legal advisor exam in Białystok. Since 2003, professor Cezary Kulesza is practicing advocate in Białystok. He has presented numerous papers at national and international conferences and symposia. He was visiting professor at Villanowa University (Fulbright Scholarship, Philadelphia, 1993), University in Tübingen (1992) and University in Saloniki (2004). Author of many academic publications on a very wide range of subjects, including criminal procedure, victimology, economic & tax crimes, the role of the defence counsel in criminal proceedings. Co-author of manual “The lecture on the Polish criminal proceedings (ed. P.Kruszyński, Białystok 1998, 2003,2004) and author of books, including :“The injured person in the Polish criminal proceedings in the light of law and practice of the selected western countries ( Białystok 1995), “The law injuring the entrepreneurs” (Białystok 2004) & “Effectiveness of the participation of defence counsel in criminal proceedings in international perspective” (Kraków 2005)28330
Competition for the Prof. Michał Cezary Rostworowski award
No full textArtykuł zawiera informację na temat organizowanego przez krakowski oddział Polskiego Towarzystwa Nauk Politycznych konkursu o Nagrodę im. prof. Michała Cezarego Rostworowskiego na najlepszą publikację w zakresie nauki o polityce i administracji. W tekście przedstawiono powody, dla których
nagroda została ustanowiona, zasady jej przyznawania oraz wymieniono nazwiska i prace dotychczasowych laureatów. Zamiarem przyświecającym autorowi i zarazem przewodniczącemu Kapituły Nagrody jest przy tym prezentacja jedynej w kraju inicjatywy oddolnej w PTNP stworzenia konkursu w rzeczonej dziedzinie w wymiarze lokalnym, ale równocześnie jakością wyróżnionych prac dalece wybiegającego poza ramy ośrodka krakowskiego.Te article contains information about the Competition for the Prof. Michał Cezary Rostworowski Award for the best publication in the feld of Political Science and Administration promoted by the Krakow branch of the Polish Political Science Association. Te text presents the reasons for which the prize
was established, the rules of its awarding and lists the names and works of the winners so far. Te intention of the author and, at the same time, the chairman of the Award Chapter is to present the only grass-roots initiative in Poland to create a competition in the feld in question at a local level, but, at the same
time, with the quality of the distinguished works going far beyond the framework of the Krakow centre
A Mature Artist and Digital Culture. Online Presence and Activity Strategy using the Example of Cezary Pazura
No full textThe article tries to analyse the YouTube activity of Cezary Pazura and his presence in what
is widely understood as digital culture. He is the only actor in Poland who successfully develops
his work using that platform. That is why it is important to take into consideration
his mature age and professional experience which indicate how to develop the growth of
the channel. The author explains why Pazura decided to become a YouTuber, then podcaster,
moreover the author presents his concerns and personality traits which predestine him to
internet activities. She examines the structure and the main themes of the videos, such as: the
backstage work of blockbuster movies, cult film sets, a detailed description of Polish and foreign
films, art of acting, special guests, subscribers’ jokes, memes, and unboxing. The article
reveals the strategy which helped Pazura to build an engaged community around the channel,
for example the cooperation with popular, young YouTubers. It points out that digital
activity influenced the change regarding his image — Pazura is no longer seen only through
the prism of comedy performances and receives more serious roles. He gained a wider audience
as tributes to their idol’s achievements appeared in the comments section. So far, he is
the only person in Poland working effectively as an actor, YouTuber and podcaster
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