1,720,981 research outputs found
MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO TOKOH UTAMA DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN TUHAN TIDAK MAKAN IKAN KARYA GUNAWAN TRI ATMODJO
Get PDFABSTRAK Penelitian ini membahas mekanisme pertahanan ego tokoh utama dalam kumpulan cerpen Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah struktural, psikologi sastra dan psikoanalisis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan mekanisme pertahanan ego yang digunakan oleh tokoh utama dalam menghadapi konflik batin pada tujuh cerita di kumpulan cerpen Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan karya Gunawan Tri Atmodjo. Dengan menganalisis struktur pembangun cerita terutama penokohan, konflik batin yang dialami tokoh dihubungkan dengan cara tokoh mempertahankan diri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penokohan dalam struktur pembangun cerita paling memengaruhi kondisi kejiwaan serta tindak tutur tokoh. Kejiwaan tersebut memengaruhi cara tokoh menempatkan diri dan membangun pola interaksi dengan tokoh lain hingga menghasilkan tokoh yang didominasi konflik batin berupa rasa bersalah, rasa tidak rela, rasa cemburu dan gagal berkomunikasi. Jenis kelamin dan kemampuan tokoh mengatasi hal tersebut memengaruhi ragam mekanisme pertahanan ego yang digunakan. Kata kunci: psikoanalisis; mekanisme pertahanan ego; penokohan; konflik batin ABSTRACT This study discusses the ego defense mechanism of the main character in the collection of short stories Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan. It is a qualitative research with analysis method. Theories used in this research are structural, literary psychology and psychoanalysis. The purpose of this study is to describe the defense mechanism of the ego used by the main character in dealing with their inner conflict in seven stories in the collection of short stories Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan by Gunawan Tri Atmodjo. By analyzing the structure of story builders, especially characterizations, the inner conflicts experienced by the characters are related to the way the characters defend themselves. The results showed that characterizations in the structure of story builders are what influence the mental condition and character's speech acts the most. Psychiatric influences the way the character positions themself and builds patterns of interaction with other characters that produce characters that are dominated by inner conflict in the form of guilt, feelings of unwillingness, jealousy and failure to communicate. Sex and character's ability to overcome this affect the various ego defense mechanisms used. Keywords: psychoanalysis; ego defense mechanism; characterization; inner conflict
TIPE HUMOR DALAM CERITA-CERITA PENDEK GUNAWAN TRI ATMODJO
No full textGunawan Tri Atmodjo\u27s short stories are considered by many readers present humour. Many impressions are written by readers on the humorous aspect, but there is still no study that describes the humour aspect in these stories. Therefore, this study examines the types of humour in Atmodjo\u27s stories based on a number of humour theories in literary works as presented by Louis Hasley and Matthew Kotzen. From the results of the study, it was found that there are three types of humour in Atmodjo\u27s short stories, namely play, the formation of new words and expressions, and irony in the story. In compiling the story Atmodjo often uses the principle of deviation in normal situations. This can be seen from how he punctuates the names of the characters and the title of the work, the formation of words and expressions, and the irony in the story. These three things are built in conditions that are far from normal, both in terms of ethics (names and titles are messy and irony in the stories) and grammatical (on how words and expressions are formed). In this way, Atmodjo managed to free his readers from the emotional aspect that had been limited by ethics and grammar. Atmodjo thus consciously carried out the selection process (choosing characters and titles to play on), arranging (forming new words and expressions and arranging ironic plots), and using style (in summarizing these three things) so that the humour can be experienced and enjoyed by the reader. without leaving a message to be conveyed. The three types of humour in Atmodjo\u27s short stories are not separate, but they support each other to build humour in the minds of the readers
Kajian Psikologi Sastra dan Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Kumpulan Cepen Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan dan Cerita Lainnya Karya Gunawan Tri Atmodjo
Get PDFA STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL LITERATURE AND CHARACTER EDUCATIONAL VALUE IN SHORT STORY COLLECTION TUHAN TIDAK MAKAN IKAN DAN CERITA LAINNYA BY GUNAWAN TRI ATMODJO This research aims to describe: (1) the intrinsic elements of a collection of short stories Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan and the other stories; (2) the psychological characteristics of the main character; and (3) the values of character education. This research approach was qualitative descriptive by using the strategy of psychology literature. The source of the data used is a collection of short stories Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan and the other stories and the informant i.e. author, writer, and the reader. The short story collection consists of twenty-one short stories and taken five short stories entitled: Cara Mati yang Tak Baik Bagi Revolusi, Bukan Kawan, Kalender, Undangan Nikah, dan Puisi, Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan, dan Imam Ketiga. The technique of sampling with a purposive sampling method. Using data collection techniques document analysis and interviews. The validity of the data obtained through triangulation of methods. Technique of data analysis includes three components (1) the reduction of data; (2) cereal data; (3) the withdrawal of the conclusion. The results of this research are (1) the structure of a collection of short stories the Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan and the other tales include themes, plot, characters, setting, point of view, and speeches; (2) psychological characteristics on the main character in the short story Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan and the other stories can be understood through the theories of Sigmund Freud (id, ego, and superego) that is able to be influenced by factors both local and external factors; (3) the value of character education are contained in a collection of short stories Tuhan Tidak Makan Ikan and the other stories are dominated by value of character education, discipline, hard work, and religious. Keywords: short stories, structural analysis, psychology, literature, the value of character educatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
