104,807 research outputs found
NEW MEASUREMENTS OF HD ON JUPITER
No full textJ. T. Trauger, F. L. Roesler, N. P. Carleton, and W. A. Traub, Astrophys. J. 184, L137 (1973). This work was supported by the NSF Atmospheric Research Section.Author Institution: Department of Physics, University of WisconsinThe ratios of deuterium to hydrogen in the planets constitute important constraints for models of their evolution from the primitive solar nebula. This ratio is most accurately estimated for the major planets from measurements of the ratio in their visible atmospheres, since molecular hydrogen predominates and this ratio is least affected among the observed hydrogen bearing molecular species by the poorly known details of the atmospheres. The HD abundance, as first measured by Trauger et al., was based on observations of a single absorption line due to the 4--0 P(1) transition in HD, since other lines sought at the time (4--0 R(0) and R(1) were found to be blended with stronger but previously unobserved lines. In observations at the Mt. Wilson 1.5 meter telescope with a PEPSIOS spectrometer during the period 1--10 Dec. 1976, we extended the search to the 4--0 P(2) and 5--0 R(1) lines of HD to confirm the identification of the previously observed 4--0 P(1) feature, and improved the accuracy of the original measurement with further observations. A revised D/H ratio based in part on these new observations and on new laboratory data for the HD absorption strengths will be presented, and consequences for planetary evolution discussed
David Trauger
No full textDr. David Trauger oral history interview as conducted by John Cornely. Others areas Dr. Trauger at or for include: Great Plains Waterfowl Research Station, Mt. Moriah Wetland Production Area, Crystal Springs Study Area, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, and the National Biological Survey/Service, and U.S. Geological Survey.
Mr. Trauger discusses how he became interested in the outdoors and waterfowl, working with Fish and Wildlife while attending school, finally working for the Fish and Wildlife Service. He talks about the work that the did and the various people he met and worked with.
Organization: FWS
Name: David Trauger
Years: 1972-1996
Program: Refuges
Keywords:Biography, Employees (USFWS), History, Realty, International conservation, Waterfowl, Habitat conservation, Migration, Aviation, Union Slough National Wildlife Refuge, Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge, Patuxent Research Refuge,Great Plains Waterfowl Research Station, Mt. Moriah Wetland Production Area, Crystal Springs Study Area, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, and the National Biological Survey Service, and U.S. Geological Survey.1
Oral History Cover Sheet
Name: Dr. David Trauger
Date of Interview: July 27, 2006
Location of Interview: Northern Virginia Center, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Burruss Hall, VA
Interviewer: John Cornely
Approximate years worked for Fish and Wildlife Service: 1972-1996
Offices and Field Stations Worked: Union Slough National Wildlife Refuge; Great Plains Waterfowl Research Station; Mt. Moriah Wetland Production Area; Crystal Springs Study Area; Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge; Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center; Patuxent Wildlife Research Center; National Biological Survey/Service; U.S. Geological Survey;
Positions Held: field biologist; assistant director; Chief of Wildlife Research; Director of Patuxent Wildlife Research Center;
Most Important Projects: Land use Blue-winged teal breeding study; deer reproductive study; Woodworth Study Area; known-age Scaup population study; White geese intermediate between Lesser Snow Geese and Ross' Geese study; Canvasback project; Davis Field Station [California] wintering waterfowl studies; Research Grade Evaluation Panel; Research Grade Evaluation Guide update;
Colleagues and Mentors: Harold Burgess; Milton Weller; Paul Errington; Dale Hein; Harvey K. Nelson; Forrest Carpenter; Ray St. Ores; Arnold Haugen; I.G. Beu; Keith Bayha; Paul Vohs; Al Hopebaum; Peter Ward; Robert E. Stewart, Sr.;Hal Kantrud; John Lynch; Alex Dzubin; Dr. James Bartonek; Peter Bromley; Bernie Gollop; John Pemberton Ryder; Jerry Stoudt; J.D. Smith; Jerry Serie; Dave Sharp; Matthew Perry; Bob Munro; Ronald Englund; W. Reid Goforth; Carl Korschgen; Joe Piehuta; Charles Dane; Duncan MacDonald; Glen Smart; John Rogers; Lucille Stickell; Doug Buffington; Dick Smith; Dr. H. Ronald Pulliam; Dr. Lucyan David Mech;
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Key Words (Please highlight or circle those described in the interview):
refuges
fisheries
law enforcement
ecological serv. personnel
realty director
public affairs
game
contaminants
animal damage river basins
Regions 1-9__ Patuxent
Federal Aid
international
CITES habitat
ESA wilderness
fishing hunting birding
boats aviation surveys flyways waterfowl
potholes migration
eagles
condors
cranes
pesticides
pelicans
Olaus Murie
Ding Darling
Ira Gabrielson
J. Clark Salyer
Al Day
Rachel Carson
H. Zahniser
Dan Jantzen
J. Gottschalk
J. Gottschalk
Spencer Smith
L. Greenwalt
Bob Jantzen
Frank Dunkle
John Turner
M. Beattie
Aldo Leopold
Stuart Udall
James Watt
Bruce Babbitt
inventions research
ecosystems
invasive species
reintroductions
red wolves
gray wolves
Mexican wolf
condors
spotted owl
3
National Heritage Team of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Oral History Program
Narrator/USFW Retiree: David Trauger
Date: July 27, 2006
Interviewed by: John Cornely
John Cornely: This is John Cornely, it is the 27th day of July in 2006, and I am with Dr. David Trauger at the Northern Virginia Center of Virginia Tech University, doing an oral history interview as part of the Fish and Wildlife Service Heritage Committee Project.
David Trauger: Hello, I am David L. Trauger. I was born June 16, 1942 in Fort Dodge, Iowa. My hometown was Lu Verne, Iowa, which is in southern Kossuth County in the north central part of the state. My parents were Harold Guy Trauger and Thelma Harriet Hof Trauger. My father and mother were involved in running a small grocery market in this small farming community. From my earliest recollection, I was involved as a part of the family enterprise, helping in the store. My parents had both grown up on farms in that area. My dad grew up near the town of Livermore in Humboldt County, which is the next county over. My mother grew up in the Lu Verne community on a farm that was north of town.
Another aspect of my early experience was spending time with the grandparents on the farm. When my dad was in World II, I actually spent a great deal of time with my maternal grandparents, Ed and Lela Hof, on their farm. I say that because that connection with the land and the opportunity that I had on those farms. Particularly with my grandparents I had all sorts of adventures in the grove, where I went out and I made little brush piles for the rabbits and had close encounters with pheasants and wonderful things like that as a young boy.
My dad was an avid hunter and fisherman, I guess you could call him an outdoorsman because he worked very hard, long hours in the grocery store, but he really enjoyed hunting and fishing and camping. So those were activities that we engaged in as a family.
Another aspect of my family, which I think was quite unique and had a tremendous impact on me was the fact that after World War II my dad came back, and he was a real strong family man, and he made a commitment that every summer we were going to take a family trip. So by the time I graduated from high school, I had been in 42 of the 48 lower states.
I didn't realize until I got to college what a tremendous education that was to have experienced landscapes. When I got into ecology and when they were talking about deserts, well I knew what a desert was because I'd been there, I knew what mountains were because I'd been there, I knew what the eastern forests were because I'd been there.
I had been pretty much all over the country, plus we had taken trips to the Prairie Provinces of Canada. I believe in my junior year of high school we went to Lac LaRonge in northern Saskatchewan, to the end of the road, and that was a real thrill. Even in the early '50s when we did that, I guess, and maybe I was even younger than a junior, it was in the early '50s. But anyway, the experience that I had then was we went through 4
Saskatchewan during the big wet years of the mid-50s, and there were ducks everywhere, it was jus unbelievable. And of course my dad was an avid waterfowl hunter, so that really made a big impression on me.
So that gets me around to talking a little bit about the reason why I went into my profession and how my career got started. My dad, as I said, worked very hard, long hours in the grocery store and he was very active as a businessman in supporting things in the local community. So after working long days in the store, then he would come home and we would eat an hurried dinner [we called it supper] and he would run off to the council meeting. He was on the town council, he would go to a chamber of commerce meeting, he would go to a school board meeting, or he would go to a church board meeting. He was active in everything and felt it was important as a businessman to support those things.
So, the upshot was that we didn't get a lot of time with dad. So, when he would come up at 4 o'clock in the morning and wake me up in the fall to go duck hunting with him when I was 5-years-old, I couldn't sleep all night because I was ready to go!
I didn't actually carry a gun or do any shooting until I was probably a freshman in high school, until I was about 15- or 16-years old. But I went hunting with my dad from the time earliest that I could remember and I just really got hooked on the smell of marshes, the beauty of marshes in the fall. I guess I fell in love with the waterfowl and the beautiful plumage and the sunrises and the wedges of ducks flying. It just was aesthetically a very appealing kind of thing.
I was fascinated with waterfowl and pondered the mystery of migration and wondered about those kinds of things. I think the very first book that I ever bought was the Musgrove's [Jack W. and Mary R. Musgrove] Waterfowl in Iowa. I read that book cover to cover and I identified and knew every duck and really studied that very carefully.
Part of the hunting experiences that I had lead me to, I guess, one of my first ventures in the Fish and Wildlife Service. We lived about 25 miles from Union Slough National Wildlife Refuge in Kossuth County, and that was a focal point for migrating geese.
When my dad would go goose hunting we would go up to the refuge. The strategy there was to follow the geese out when they went to feed from the refuge. So, in the course of that, I had an opportunity to meet the refuge manager, Harold Burgess.
Harold and I struck up a friendship and Harold really went out his way to engage me as a high school student in the refuge. He knew of my intense interest in waterfowl and so he would ask me to come up for the Christmas bird counts at the refuge and participate in activities where he had the public outreach.
That opportunity led me to make associations with a number of the graduate students from Iowa State who came up to the refuge for the Christmas bird count, and they also did a line drive count of the deer in the refuge and the pheasants and so forth. By the time I was a senior in high school, I already knew the graduate students down at Iowa State. 5
One time I had a long talk with Harold in his refuge office about where I should go to college. I told him I was thinking of Colorado State or Iowa State, that I really wanted to go west because of the mountains and the change of scenery. He said, "Well, with your interest in waterfowl and wetlands," he said, "you just can't do better than going to Iowa State because Milton Weller is there Paul Errington is there." I said, "Okay." So, that's what I did.
Now I guess I would like to just back up a little bit and talk about the other aspect of career choice. My dad worked very hard, as I said, in his business, he had a very successful business. His hero from when he was growing up was the football coach at the high school, he was the math teacher, and my dad thought that really, there is no nobler profession than being a high school teacher. Because, after all, you only have to work nine months of the year and then you have the summer off and that really sounded pretty good to my dad. He thought that I should go to college and become a teacher. I said, "Dad, I really want to go into wildlife conservation, that's where my heart is and my interest." He said, "Well, you'll never make a living as a game warden," and it was in a pejorative way. I mean that's all he knew, anybody in wildlife, they were just a game warden. I said, "Well, I think there are other opportunities." My mother told me, "David, you can do whatever you want to do."
I took Harold's advice and I went to Iowa State and it was a wonderful opportunity and a wonderful time. I already knew the graduate students and I'm sure I made a real pest of myself. They were over in the cooperative research unit offices and I would come down there and sit down and talk to Dale Hein late in the evening and see Paul Vohs and I would talk to him and so forth and so on. Talk to them about courses and experiences and where they'd gone to school and so forth and so on.
When I arrived at Iowa State University in 1960, in the fall of 1960, I didn't realize that I was going to be in the first class of Principles of Wildlife Conservation that Paul Errington ever taught. Paul Errington had done 30 years of research on muskrats and predation. He taught his first class during the spring of I guess it was 1961, and, of course, everybody wanted to be in his class. So there were the doctoral graduate students, the masters graduate students, and all of the undergraduate students, including freshman like me. Errington came into the class the first day and he acknowledged that fact, that there was this great range of experience and background in the class. He said, "I don't expect the undergraduates as going to do as well the graduate students and the freshman here are going to really be at a disadvantage." But he just sort of set me up, because when he said that I said, "I'm going to show you."
To make a long story short, the first assignment was to write an essay about why one man's opinion isn't as good as another person's opinion, something along that line. It was an essay Errington wanted us to write and express our views, take a position and defend it. I worked on that essay and handed it in and it came back with an "A" on it. From that point on, I had a special bond with Paul Errington. Not to belabor that too much, but I did have, as long as he lived, which was a couple of years before he'd passed away, I had a very close, personal relationship with Paul Errington and it was, again, one of the things that really shaped my perspective. 6
I never will forget, it was in my sophomore year in the fall, I was in the chemistry laboratory trying to do a chemistry experiment and I heard Errington's characteristic walk. He had polio as a youngster and he had a limp, or a very unique walk, and you could tell distinctively that he was in the building. He walked into that chemistry laboratory and said, "David, I want to go up and do a waterfowl survey up at Big Wall Lake this afternoon and I was wondering if you would like to go with me." He said, "I can use some help with the canoe." Errington had looked up my course schedule, found out where I was, found out that I had time in the afternoon, came over to the chemistry laboratory and hauled me out.
What a wonderful day that was. He was scouting out the wetland to see about the status of the bird migration because, as he told me on the drive up there, he had been selected as one of America's great naturalist. They were going to have a Life Magazine photographer out to take pictures and so he was sort of doing some advance work for that. I was really just humbled by this opportunity.
My first summer job Harold Burgess asked me to come out to Union Slough Refuge and help on the refuge. I went up to Titonka, where the refuge headquarters was, and I worked that first summer with Harold.
I had the good fortune of finishing up a land use Blue-winged teal breeding study that Harold had started with a couple of the Iowa State students a couple of years prior to that. Elwood Martin did the first summer work on that and then Harold Prince had done the second summer, and then I finished the study with Harold in the summer I was there. That resulted in my first publication in the Journal of Wildlife Management.
I actually took all of data from that study and summarized it and wrote the paper and Harold did the editing on it. We sent it up to the refuge supervisor, who just happened to be Harvey K. Nelson, in Minneapolis and they cleared it and then we submitted for publication in the Journal of Wildlife Management. So I guess my wildlife research career started right there.
The other thing that Harold did at the end of the summer was, which I really give him a lot of credit for, is that he took me up to Minneapolis to meet the refuge people. I met Harvey Nelson for the first time, and I met the regional supervisor, Forrest Carpenter, and I met a lot of other people, Ray St. Ores. A lot of the really key people in the Minneapolis Regional Office at that time.
I was just really impressed with how these professional Fish and Wildlife Service biologists and administrators, how they opened up and wanted to talk to me. It was really a great opportunity to do that.
Anyway, I went back to Iowa State. I didn't have a lot of money for college and so I needed to work. I went over to the university bookstore to see if they had a job and the manager of the bookstore, he said, "You're name is Trauger?" I said, "Yeah." He said, "Well, do you know Paul Trauger?" I said, "I sure do." He said, "Well, he was a great 7
Iowa State football player." I said, "I'd heard a little about his career as a football player." He hired me for the job in the bookstore. Well, when Errington and Weller got wind that I was working over at the bookstore, I found that I had an offer with a National Science Foundation Undergraduate Research Project over at the Cooperative Research Unit. So my career at the bookstore was very short-lived!
It was great being back over in the department. But there again, as a sophomore, I was deeply embedded in the graduate programs and the research and doing research myself and so it was a real good opportunity, working with Arnold Haugen on his deer reproductive study. I did that for that academic year.
Then Dr. Milton Weller asked me if I would want to, he had a National Science grant, I think it was another undergraduate summer grant, but he said he wanted me to go up to the Ruthven Marshes in northwest Iowa and work with the graduate students up there. He had a project he wanted me to do for my own and then I was going to have a chance to work with the biologists that were doing duck studies up there. I would also get a chance to spend some time in the field with Paul Errington. So I couldn't pass that up.
I went up to northwest Iowa and had a wonderful summer working with all of the graduate students, doing their PhD studies. We did everything from the duck studies; Lee Frederickson working on [American] Coots and Bud Harris working on Blue-winged teal. Some of the other graduate students were doing some pre- and post-impoundment studies up at the Elk Creek Marsh by Lake Mills, Iowa.
I did get to spend a number of days in the field with Paul Errington, following him around. He was reading the sign of what was going on in the marsh. Just seeing how he interpreted what he was seeing based on his long, life-long experience with mink and muskrats and other things. It was a great summer.
Then I went back to school and I was involved, again, with Arnold Haugen with the deer reproductive study. We had a winter deer check station over at De Soto Bend National Wildlife Refuge for their first deer hunting season and we necropsied about 100 deer that were killed that day at the check station.
Again, not to belabor that experience, but out of the research I was able to write a paper that went to the Iowa Academy of Science and another one that went to the Journal of Wildlife Management. So, here I am, just a junior, and I've got a number of publications in the Journal of Wildlife Management already. Just tremendous opportunities for personal development.
In that year Harvey Nelson came down to the Iowa State to recruit, and I had a chance to meet with Harvey. He told me that they were going to, this was now in the I guess the winter of '62 or '63, he told me that they were going to be developing a new waterfowl research station up in North Dakota. He said they also were consolidating some of the waterfowl work from Denver Wildlife Research Center to the Northern Prairie. Well, actually it was called the Great Plains Research Station at that time. He said that there was going to be an opportunity to work with Gerry Stoudt up in Manitoba and Ray 8
Murdy had a project up at Yellowknife [Canada]. He encouraged me to apply for all of those jobs.
The upshot was, you know, I really wanted to go to Yellowknife but I didn't get that job. I had thought that well, it would be really neat to go to Manitoba and work with Gerry Stoudt on the projects in the Prairie Parklands. But the job I got was working with I.G. Beu, who was the director at that time of the Great Plains Waterfowl Research Station.
I dropped out of class in the spring of 1963, bought a car and drove myself to Jamestown, North Dakota on April 1, to start working with Dr. Beu and Keith Bayha, who was the other student, from Michigan State, that they had brought in to work.
Our assignment for the job in North Dakota was to do a land use history of the Woodworth Study Area, which was about 2,500 acres of wetlands in the Missouri Couteau [ecoregion], about 45 miles from Jamestown, that the Service had purchased as a block as a waterfowl production area, that they were going to use as one of the prime study areas.
Keith and I spent that summer, or we started out going to the courthouse and looking at the ownership patterns. We went out and we looked at the landscape, we got aerial photographs, and we delineated all of the wetlands on the area; we numbered them, we classified them. We did the breeding pair counts and the brood counts and really started laying the foundation, that first year of data, on the Woodworth Study Area.
People who know a lot about the waterfowl research legacy of the Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, know the role that the Woodworth Study Area played in a lot of that work in subsequent years.
As a result of that, I had a chance to meet a lot of the waterfowl people who were working in North Dakota on various wetland acquisition projects and refuge projects. I got a chance to go to the North Dakota Wildlife Chapter meeting and meet a lot of the people working in North Dakota. I just made a lot of acquaintances and friends.
We took off one weekend and went up to the Delta Waterfowl Research Station up in Manitoba to meet the waterfowl people up there. I got a chance to meet Al Hopebau
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Recognition of DNA by designed ligands at subnanomolar concentrations
No full textSmall molecules that specifically bind with high affinity to any predetermined DNA sequence in the human genome would be useful tools in molecular biology and potentially in human medicine. Simple rules have been developed to control rationally the sequence specificity of minor-groove-binding polyamides containing N-methylimidazole and N-methylpyrrole amino acids. Two eight-ring pyrrole-imidazole polyamides differing in sequence by a single amino acid bind specifically to respective six-base-pair target sites which differ in sequence by a single base pair. Binding is observed at subnanomolar concentrations of ligand. The replacement of a single nitrogen atom with a C-H regulates affinity and specificity by two orders of magnitude. The broad range of sequences that can be specifically targeted with pyrrole-imidazole polyamides, coupled with an efficient solid-phase synthesis methodology, identify a powerful class of small molecules for sequence-specific recognition of double-helical DNA
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
Fully Turbulent Mean Velocity Profile for Purely Viscous non-Newtonian Fluids
No full textThe characteristic near wall behavior of turbulent flow of purely-viscous non-Newtonian fluids is discussed for both power-law (P.-L.) and Herschel-Bulkley (H.-B.) rheological models. A proper scaling is presented for H.-B. fluids to establish an analogy with power-law fluids with same flow index. To provide reference data for turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids, DNS simulations of power-law fluids are conducted in a rectangular channel for a large range of power-law indices ( = 0.5, 0.69, 0.75, 0.9, 1, 1.2). The DNS data show that the mean velocity profile in the viscous and logarithmic layers follow expressions of the form and respectively, where shows a logarithmic dependency on the flow index.Comparison with some experimental data shows the above formulation to be valid for Reynolds numbers (based on shear velocity) as high as 1000
H-index and research evaluation: A suggested set of components for developing a comprehensive author-level index
No full textThe H-index has been investigated in various studies; this index has many strengths that have made it popular. However, it also has weaknesses, due to which other indicators have been developed. This study aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the H-index and provide the minimum set of necessary components for developing a comprehensive author-level index. In this systematic literature review, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Emerald, and ProQuest databases were searched to identify relevant studies. From the number of 14,253 retrieved studies, after two stages of screening, 81 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria for data extraction. The findings of the study led to the identification of 15 strengths in the three categories of Quality Features, Simplicity, and Suitability, and 13 weaknesses in the six categories of Publications, Citations, Academic Age, Author Credit Allocation, Variety of Fields, and mathematical calculation for H-index. Finally, 28 components were identified as the minimum set of necessary components to develop a comprehensive author-level index to help evaluate researchers more realistically and fairly. The minimum components that need to be considered in developing a comprehensive author-level index can be proposed as follows: Quality Features, Simplicity, Suitability, Publications, Citations, Academic Age, Author Credit Allocation, Variety of Fields, and mathematical calculation
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