104,717 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Erwerbsbiografien, psychosoziale Faktoren und Erwerbsbeteiligung
No full textDer demografische Wandel und die Alterung der Gesellschaft sind auch an einer älter werdenden Erwerbsbevölkerung ablesbar. Dies wird die Sozialversicherungssysteme in vielen europäischen Ländern in den nächsten Jahren vor erhebliche Herausforderungen stellen, aufgrund vermehrter Erwerbsausstiege geburtenstarker Jahrgänge insbesondere auch Deutschland. Daher wird es sowohl gesellschaftlich als auch politisch zunehmend wichtiger werden, gerade ältere Personen so lange wie möglich im Erwerbsleben zu halten und die Beweggründe eines vorzeitigen Erwerbsausstiegs zu ermitteln. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist deshalb, Einflussfaktoren der Erwerbsbeteiligung älterer Personen auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt und Erklärungen für die Erwerbsteilhabe mithilfe einer Lebenslaufperspektive zu ermitteln. Um die Beweggründe eines vorzeitigen Erwerbsausstiegs zu verstehen, werden zentrale Determinanten des Erwerbsausstiegs wie Gesundheit und psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastung sowie Erwerbsbiografien berücksichtigt und untersucht. Die vorliegende Dissertation umfasst drei empirische Studien, welche auf der „lidA – leben in der Arbeit“-Studie, einer prospektiven Kohortenstudie in Deutschland, basieren. In den Jahren 2011 und 2014 wurden sozialversicherungspflichtige Erwerbstätige der Jahrgänge 1959 und 1965 zu Themen wie Arbeit, Alter, Gesundheit und Erwerbsteilhabe befragt. In der Dissertation werden diese Befragungsdaten individuell mit Registerdaten des Instituts für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung verknüpft. Diese Sozialversicherungsdaten enthalten Informationen zu Beschäftigungsstatus und Erwerbsbeteiligung jeder Person auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt ab 1975. Die erste Studie legt den Fokus auf das geschlechtsspezifische Lohngefälle, den Gender Pay Gap (GPG), als ein Beispiel für Erwerbsbiografien. In der Studie wird mittels Mehrebenenanalysen untersucht, wie sich die Einkommensverläufe von Männern und Frauen über das Erwerbsleben hinweg verändert haben. Die zweite Studie analysiert mithilfe von Pfadanalysen den Einfluss von psychosozialen Arbeitsbelastungen und Gesundheit auf die Frühberentungsabsichten von Erwerbstätigen in Abhängigkeit von unterschiedlichen Erwerbsbiografien, welche durch Sequenzanalysen auf Grundlage von Beschäftigungsformen ermittelt werden. Die dritte Studie beschäftigt sich mit dem Einfluss psychosozialer Arbeitsbelastungen auf den vorzeitigen Erwerbsausstieg und untersucht, welche Rolle Gesundheit in diesem Zusammenhang einnimmt. In der Studie wurde eine Survivalanalyse und darüber hinaus eine Mediationsanalyse angewandt. Mithilfe der Verknüpfung von Befragungs- und Registerdaten kann eine qualitativ hochwertige Datenbasis älterer Erwerbspersonen in Deutschland erzeugt werden. Die Ergebnisse aller drei Originalarbeiten verdeutlichen, dass eine Lebenslaufperspektive bei der Analyse von Erklärungsfaktoren der Erwerbsbeteiligung nützlich sein kann. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zum einen, dass der geschlechtsspezifische Verdienstunterschied weiterhin eine relevante Herausforderung auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt darstellt und auch unabhängig von sozioökonomischen oder arbeitsbezogenen Faktoren beobachtbar ist. Zum anderen nimmt der GPG über das Erwerbsleben hinweg zu und ist somit vor allem für die ältere Erwerbsbevölkerung und deren Alterseinkünfte nach dem Erwerbsleben relevant. Darüber hinaus deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass hohe psychosoziale Arbeitsbelastungen mit einer vorzeitigen Berentungsabsicht verbunden sind, wobei Gesundheit in dieser Assoziation eine vermittelnde Rolle einnimmt. Weitere Ergebnisse zum vorzeitigen Erwerbsausstieg zeigen, dass ein schlechter Gesundheitszustand den Einfluss von arbeitsbedingtem Stress auf den vorzeitigen Erwerbsausstieg mediiert. Mit Blick auf das Erwerbsleben verdeutlichen die Ergebnisse der Dissertation die Rolle von Gesundheit im Zusammenhang mit psychosozialen Arbeitsbelastungen und dem Erwerbsverbleib älterer Erwerbstätiger in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung von Interventionen zur Verringerung von arbeitsbedingtem Stress, zur Förderung von Gesundheit und damit zur Verminderung des frühzeitigen Ausstiegs aus dem Arbeitsmarkt.The demographic change and the ageing of society can also be seen in an ageing labour force. This will challenge the social security systems in many European countries in the upcoming years due to an increasingly large number of baby boomers leaving the labour market, especially in Germany. Therefore, from a social and political point of view, it will become important to keep older people in the labour force as long as possible and to determine the underlying reasons for an early exit from the labour force. Therefore, this dissertation aims to identify factors influencing the labour force participation of older German employees and to explain labour force participation using a life course perspective. In order to understand the drivers of an early exit from the labour market, key determinants, such as health and psychosocial stress, as well as employment biographies, are considered and analysed. This dissertation comprises three empirical studies based on the "lidA - living in work" study, a prospective cohort study in Germany. Employed persons subject to social insurance contributions born in 1959 and 1965 were surveyed in 2011 and 2014 on topics such as work, age, health and participation in the labour market. In the dissertation, this survey data is individually linked with register data from the Institute for Employment Research. This social security data contains information on each person's employment status and labour force participation in the German labour market from 1975 onwards. The first study focuses on the gender pay gap (GPG) as an example of employment biographies. In the study, multi-level analyses are used to examine how the income trajectories of men and women change over their careers. The second study uses path analyses to analyse the influence of psychosocial work stress and health on early retirement intentions depending on different employment biographies, which are determined by sequence analyses based on employment patterns. The third study examines the influence of work-related stress on early exit from the labour market and the role of health in this context. In the study, survival analyses and mediation analyses were used. A high-quality database of older employees in Germany can be generated by linking survey and register data. The results of all three studies illustrate that a life course perspective can be helpful in analysing factors of labour market participation. On the one hand, the results show that the gender difference in earnings continues to be a relevant challenge in the German labour market and can be observed independent of socio-economic or work-related factors. On the other hand, the GPG increases over the working life and is therefore relevant, especially for the older working population and their retirement income. Furthermore, the results indicate that high psychosocial work stress is associated with an intention to retire early, with health taking on a mediation role in this. Additional results on early exit from the labour market show that poor health mediates the influence of work-related stress on early exit from the labour market. Concerning working life, the results of this dissertation emphasize the role of health in the relationship between work-related stress and the labour market participation of older employees in Germany. The results highlight the importance of interventions to reduce work-related stress, promote health, and thus lower early labour market exits
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
Full text linkThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
Fully Turbulent Mean Velocity Profile for Purely Viscous non-Newtonian Fluids
No full textThe characteristic near wall behavior of turbulent flow of purely-viscous non-Newtonian fluids is discussed for both power-law (P.-L.) and Herschel-Bulkley (H.-B.) rheological models. A proper scaling is presented for H.-B. fluids to establish an analogy with power-law fluids with same flow index. To provide reference data for turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids, DNS simulations of power-law fluids are conducted in a rectangular channel for a large range of power-law indices ( = 0.5, 0.69, 0.75, 0.9, 1, 1.2). The DNS data show that the mean velocity profile in the viscous and logarithmic layers follow expressions of the form and respectively, where shows a logarithmic dependency on the flow index.Comparison with some experimental data shows the above formulation to be valid for Reynolds numbers (based on shear velocity) as high as 1000
H-index and research evaluation: A suggested set of components for developing a comprehensive author-level index
No full textThe H-index has been investigated in various studies; this index has many strengths that have made it popular. However, it also has weaknesses, due to which other indicators have been developed. This study aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the H-index and provide the minimum set of necessary components for developing a comprehensive author-level index. In this systematic literature review, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Emerald, and ProQuest databases were searched to identify relevant studies. From the number of 14,253 retrieved studies, after two stages of screening, 81 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria for data extraction. The findings of the study led to the identification of 15 strengths in the three categories of Quality Features, Simplicity, and Suitability, and 13 weaknesses in the six categories of Publications, Citations, Academic Age, Author Credit Allocation, Variety of Fields, and mathematical calculation for H-index. Finally, 28 components were identified as the minimum set of necessary components to develop a comprehensive author-level index to help evaluate researchers more realistically and fairly. The minimum components that need to be considered in developing a comprehensive author-level index can be proposed as follows: Quality Features, Simplicity, Suitability, Publications, Citations, Academic Age, Author Credit Allocation, Variety of Fields, and mathematical calculation
Letter from Bob H. Suzuki, President, CSU Pomona, June 13, 1993
No full textA letter from President Bob H. Suzuki thanking guests of a garden reception and asking for their support to fund Michi Nishiura and Walter Weglyn Endowed Chair in Multicultural Studies.These materials are from box 73 and 74 of the Frank Chin Papers. The Frank Chin Papers contain personal and professional correspondence between Frank Chin and Michi Weglyn relating to particular projects on which either author was working as well as files related to the Day of Remembrance Tribute to Michi Weglyn
Citations of the author H C Rajpoot
No full textThe list of the articles, research papers, theses, and book chapters globally citing the author H. C. Rajpoot</p
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