106 research outputs found
Effect of strengthening method and development length on flexural strength of rc beams with steel plates
No full textThe test result of an experimental study on the flexural strength of reinforced
concrete beams strengthened with steel plates is presented. The beams were
simply supported and loaded monotonically with two point loads. The test
variables used in this study were strengthening method and development length
of steel plates. Nine beams without strengthening and nine beams strengthened
with steel plates were tested until the beams reach the flexural failure specified
by crushing of concrete on the top surface of compression region. The test results
show that steel plates increase the capacity of the beam significantly and slightly
increase the flexural stiffness of the beams. In addition, the ultimate load of the
strengthened beams with debonding failure was similar to the beams without
strengthening if the load kept increasing until flexural failure. The test results also
showed that the debonding failure occurred after the steel plate reach the yield
stress value and the development length affects the failure mode of the
strengthened beams. Analytical study based on a theoretical moment-curvature
calculation of reinforced concrete cross-section was carried out in order to obtain
the complete flexural response of the beams analytically. The comparison shows
that analytical prediction provides good accuracy for both reinforced concrete
beams with and without strengthenin
Shear strength of reinforced concrete t-beams without stirrups
No full textThis paper presents the test results of experimental study on shear strength of
reinforced concrete beams without stirrups. The test variables in this study were
type of beam cross section and ratio of longitudinal reinforcement. Six simple
supported beams, consisting of three beams with rectangular cross section and
three beams with T section, subjected to two point load were tested until failure.
During the test, the values of the diagonal crack load and the maximum load were
observed as well as the deformation of the beams. Existing empirical equations
for shear strength of concrete presented in the literature and design codes were
used and then compared to that value obtained from the test. Comparison between
test results and theoretical shear capacity show that all of equations conservatively
estimate the occurrence of shear failure with the values of the test results 10 to
90% higher than the theoretical values. It was confirmed from the test that the
shear capacity of T-beams were higher than for rectangular beams, with the values
ranging from 5 to 25%, depending on the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement.
Also, it was observed that ratio of longitudinal reinforcement influences the shear
capacity of the beam as well as the angle of diagonal shear crack. In addition,
based on the test results, a simple model for predicting the contribution of flange
to shear capacity in T-beam was presented
Analytical prediction of tension force on stirrups in concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with CFRP bars
No full textAn analytical study to predict the tension force of stirrups in concrete beams that are longitudinally reinforced with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) bars was carried out. Modified Compression Field Theory (MCFT) was applied in this study and a computer program was developed to facilitate the calculation process. The analytical results were compared with empirical formula and test data adopted from experimental study. Three concrete beams longitudinally reinforced with CFRP bars and transversely reinforced with steel bars were tested. Stirrups spacing was used as test variable. The beams were tested until failure and strains on the stirrups measured. The comparison between test results and the MCFT results shows that MCFT predicts the growth of tension force in stirrups well
Analytical Prediction on Flexural Response of RC Beams Strengthened with Steel Plates
No full textAn analytical prediction on flexural response of reinforced concrete (RC) beams strengthened with steel plates is presented in this paper. The method used in this study is based on theoretical moment-curvature determination which able to determine the complete response of reinforced concrete cross section subjected to monotonic flexural load. A computer program named Reinforced Concrete Cross Section Analysis (RCCSA) was developed and utilized to facilitate the computation process. Two types of flexural strengthening (tension-face and web bonded steel plates) were analyzed using the software and then compared with the experimental result. Result validation using existing available software was also carried out using Respone-2000 software. The comparison shows that the analytical model can be used to predict the flexural response of strengthened reinforced concrete cross section with a good accuracy
THE LANGUAGE STYLE IN RENDY PANDUGO’S “THE JOURNEY” ALBUM
No full textSong lyric is created to express a person feeling either happy or sad. Every song lyric uses language style. Language style is the way the author uses their feeling to make the lyrics more meaningful. One of singer outright song in Indonesia is Rendy Pandugo. Rendy Pandugo is a new singer and a new songwriter. In his album entitled "The Journey", he uses English language to complete all the lyrics. This research aims to 1) Describe language style that is in the lyrics in album "The Journey"; 2) Explain the meaning of language style that exists in those lyrics. The songs that are used in this research are Float In The Sky, Silver Rain, Won’t Let Me Down, I Know The Answer, By My Side, I Don’t Care and Snap. The researcher uses theory from Tarigan. The analytical technique in this research is descriptive qualitative method. After analyzing the data, the researcher finds 82 data and 2 types of language style. The types of language style that are found are comparison language style and repetition language style. The comparison language styles of this research are antithesis (2), hyperbole (10), metaphor (4), personification (4), simile (4) and tautology (2). The repetition language styles of this research are anaphora (6), alliteration (7), assonance (31), epistrofa (2), epizeukis (8), simploke (1) and tautotes (1)
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENJUAL MINUMAN KOPI OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN RFID (RADIO FREKUENSI INDENTIFICATION) BERBASIS ARDUINO
No full textRANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENJUAL MINUMA KOPI OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN RFID (RADIO FREKUENSI IDENTIFICATION) BERBASIS ARDUINO
Januard Rendy Shorinji Raga
E-mail : [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Minuman kopi adalah minuman yang di gemari oleh berbagai kalangan dan juga dapat dibeli di mini markett dan coofee shop. Perkembangan teknologi menjadi gagasan terciptanya sebuah alat yang mampu melakukan penjualan secara otomatis. Alat tersebut sering disebut dengan mesin penjual otomatis (vending machine). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang sebuah mesin penjual minuman kopi otomatis.Alat ini menggunakan Arduino Mega sebagai pengontrol utama. Pembelian tidak lagi menggunakan uang kertas maupun uang logam melainkan menggunakan kartu, Kartu yang digunakan adalah RFID. RFID adalah teknologi yang mengunakan gelombang radio untuk secara otomatis mengedintifikasi orang atau benda secara umum ada beberapa metode untuk mengedintifakasi, tetapi disini penulis menggunakan penyimpanan nomer seri untuk diedentifikasi oleh RFID.
Kata Kunci : Vending machine, Arduino mega, RC522
DESIGN OF SELLER TOOL
DRINK AUTOMATIC COFFEE
USING RFID (RADIO
FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION) BASED
ARDUINO
Januard Rendy Shorinji Raga
E-mail : [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Coffee drinks are drinks that are loved by various circles and can also be purchased at Mini Market and Coffee shop. The development of technology became the idea of the creation of a tool that can make sales automatically. This tool is often called a vending machine. This tool uses Arduino Mega as the main controller. Purchases no longer use paper money or coins but using cards. The card used is RFID. RFID is a technology use radio waves to automatically identify several people or objects in general a method for synthesizing, but here the author uses storage of serial numbers to be identified by RFID.
Keywords : Vending machine, Arduino mega, RC52
EFFECT OF STRENGTHENING METHOD AND DEVELOPMENT LENGTH ON FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF RC BEAMS WITH STEEL PLATES
No full textThe test result of an experimental study on the flexural strength of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with steel plates is presented. The beams were simply supported and loaded monotonically with two point loads. The test variables used in this study were strengthening method and development length of steel plates. Nine beams without strengthening and nine beams strengthened with steel plates were tested until the beams reach the flexural failure specified by crushing of concrete on the top surface of compression region. The test results show that steel plates increase the capacity of the beam significantly and slightly increase the flexural stiffness of the beams. In addition, the ultimate load of the strengthened beams with debonding failure was similar to the beams without strengthening if the load kept increasing until flexural failure. The test results also showed that the debonding failure occurred after the steel plate reach the yield stress value and the development length affects the failure mode of the strengthened beams. Analytical study based on a theoretical moment-curvature calculation of reinforced concrete cross-section was carried out in order to obtain the complete flexural response of the beams analytically. The comparison shows that analytical prediction provides good accuracy for both reinforced concrete beams with and without strengthening
STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL REHABILITASI DAN REKONSTRUKSI STRUKTUR GEDUNG BERTINGKAT BETON BERTULANG PASCA GEMPA
No full textKonstruksi beton bertulang banyak digunakan untuk struktur gedung bertingkat. Struktur beton bertulang harus direncanakan kekuatannya agar mampu memikul beban yang direncanakan. Dalam masa layan struktur beton bertulang sangat lama, biasanya lebih dari 20 tahun, berkemungkinan struktur tersebut mengalami beban yang sangat besar seperti beban gempa terutama didaerah dengan intensitas gempa tinggi. Akibat beban besar ini struktur gedung juga berkemungkinan mengalami kerusakan.
Bagian dari struktur seperti balok, kolom dan sambungan balok-kolom tidak boleh mengalami kerusakan berat akibat beban yang besar karena sambungan ini merupakan bagian yang sangat penting pada struktur bangunan gedung bertingkat. Kerusakan yang terjadi pada komponen-komponen struktur yang tidak mengalami kerusakan terlalu parah biasanya dapat direhabilitasi.
Pemakaian pelat baja dan Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) pada permukaan balok, kolom dan sambungan balok-kolom beton bertulang sebagai salah satu metode untuk rehabilitasi mulai populer akhir-akhir ini. Pelat baja merupakan bahan rehabilitasi struktur gedung yang cukup ekonomis namun masih mempunyai beberapa kelemahan. Sementara CFRP merupakan bahan yang ringan, memiliki kekuatan tarik sangat tinggi dan tahan terhadap korosi. Bahan ini juga dapat digunakan sebagai pilihan untuk rehabilitasi struktur gedung bertingkat.
Meskipun telah banyak cara untuk melakukan perkuatan atau rehabilitasi struktur gedung bertingkat yang rusak pasca gempa namun sampai saat ini belum ada pedoman atau tuntunan yang jelas untuk melakukannya. Sehingga perlu dibuat suatu panduan agar rehabilitasi struktur gedung bertingkat dapat dilakukan dengan acuan yang jelas. Panduan atau peraturan seharusnya dihasilkan dari serangkaian pengujian dan penelitian sehingga dapat diterima oleh masyarakat luas. Oleh karena itu sangat perlu untuk melakukan penelitian tentang rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi struktur gedung bertingkat beton bertulang pasca gempa.
Berdasarkan uraian diatas, pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan studi eksperimental untuk melihat perilaku kerusakan komponen struktur beton bertulang akibat pembebanan yang besar. Setelah itu dilakukan rehabilitasi atau perkuatan untuk melihat kemampuannya dalam menahan beban pasca rehabilitasi. Selanjutnya akan disusun sebuah panduan untuk melakukan perkuatan atau rehabilitasi struktur gedung bertingkat yang rusak pasca gempa
EFFECT OF END ANCHORAGE LENGTH AND STIRRUP RATIO ON BOND AND SHEAR CAPACITY OF CONCRETE BEAMS WITH NONMETALLIC REINFORCEMENT
No full textThis paper presents a study on the effect of end anchorage length and stirrup ratio on bond and shear capacity of concrete beams reinforced with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) bars. This study was carried out using test data on nine simply supported reinforced concrete beams with stirrups. The
beams were subjected to two point monotonic loads and the test variables were the length of end anchorage and the stirrup ratio. Theoretical equations for calculating bond strength and shear capacity obtained from literature were applied and then compared with experimental values. Beams with inadequate end anchorage length showed premature bond failure even when there was
sufficient stirrup ratio. Beams with adequate end anchorage length failed in shear or flexure modes depending on the stirrup ratio. A numerical model for bond stress and slip in response to pullout forces was also used to determine analytically the bond stress distributions along end anchorage. The behavior of tensile force acting on the stirrups was also examined. Finally, a simple model
for predicting tension force acting on the stirrups was proposed
Flexural and Bond Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams with FRP Bars
No full text豊橋技術科学大学博士(工学)thesi
- …
