175,820 research outputs found
Teh. Pembudidayaan dan pengolahan
No full textTeh disukai sebagai minuman penyegar oleh hampir seluruh penduduk dunia.Selain bermanfaat, tanaman teh juga mempunyai keunggulan lain, yaitu sekali menanam dapat dipanen berungkali dan umur tanamannya dapat mencapai puluhan tahun. Oleh karenanya, banyak perkebunan teh yang bermunculan. Saat ini Indonesia merupakan produsen tah kelima di dunia. Untuk itu, sangat baik bila usaha di bidang pertehan ini dikembangkan. Dan, bila ingin sukses, simak buku ini. Di dalamnya diuraikan seluk beluk tanaman teh dari budidaya, panen, pengolahan sampai analisis usahanya.viii, 199 hal. : Ilus. ; 21 c
A grating-based OCDMA coding:decoding system incorporating a nonlinear optical loop mirror for improved code recognition and noise reduction
No full textWe demonstrate an elementary grating-based optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) code generation and recognition system incorporating a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) within the receiver. We show that the NOLM can act as a nonlinear processing element capable of reducing both the pedestal associated with conventional matched filtering and the width of the associated code-recognition pulse. The pedestal rejection allows for an improved code recognition signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) relative to simple matched filtering alone, and reduced intra- and interchannel interference noise due to code overlap. The system benefits of using the NOLM are experimentally demonstrated under both single- and multiuser operation within a variety of seven- and 63-chip 160-Gchip/s code generation, recognition, and transmission experiments based on the use of bipolar superstructure fiber Bragg grating (SSFBG) coding-decoding pairs. Incorporation of the NOLM is shown to allow error-free penalty-free operation at data rates as high as 2.5 Gb/s under single-user operation, and to provide error-free performance with reduced power penalty in two-user experiments. The narrowed pulse recognition signature offers major advantages in terms of the further all-optical processing of decoded signals, such as code regeneration and recodin
Untung selangit dari agribisnis teh
No full textSinopsis : Teh merupakan tanaman perkebunan penghasil bahan minuman yang memiliki peran strategis dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Usaha budi daya tanaman teh selain dijadikan komoditas ekspor penghasil devisa negara, juga berdampak positif secara berantai terhadap perkembangan industri lain, penyerapan tenaga kerja, sumber pendapatan masyarakat tani dan pelaku industri teh, penanggulangan kemiskinan dan (conservasi lingkungan.Tantangan ke depan bagaimana mempertahankan teh sebagai komoditas perdagangan berorientasi pasar global dan berbasis berteknologi perlu dikawal dan dipandu dengan sistem informasi, inovasi dan teknologi tepat guna. Inovasi dapat ditumpangkan pada kebutuhan dan kebiasaan manusia yang bersifat laten dan universal, misalnya minum teh, dengan menawarkan nilai tambah baru yang tinggi, di atas nilai tambah yang sudah diakui dan dinikmati secara luas.Bagaimana menerjemahkan dan mengaplikasikan bisnis teh di lapangan yang berorientasi pasar, menguntungkan, efisien dan bertekonologi maju; dapat ditemukan dalam buku Untung Selangit dari Agribisnis Teh. Buku pedoman lengkap yang disusun secara sederhana, sistematis, lugas dan aplikatif di lapangan ini mengemban inti bahasan potensi dan prospek komoditas teh, manfaat, mengenal jenis atau Iklon unggul anjuran, teknik pembibitan dan budi daya, pascapanen, analisis usaha dan pengolahan teh dalnm memaknai gelora bisnis teh.vi, 213 hal.: ilus.; 23 c
THE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA IN REDUCING LIVER INJURY CAUSED BY METHOTREXAT WHICH INDICATED BY THE DECREASING OF ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT) OF BALB/C MICE
No full textTHE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA IN REDUCING LIVER INJURY CAUSED BY METHOTREXAT WHICH INDICATED BY THE DECREASING OF ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT) OF BALB/C MICE
Background: Cathecin, polyphenols within green tea has been studied can prevent liver injury, indicating in decreased ALT serum in blood. Methotrexate is an antimetabolite used in certain neoplastic diseases treatment, causes severe side effect as hepatotoxicity, fibrosis. In vivo studies are needed to examine the green tea liver injury-preventive effect that caused by methotrexate.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the consumption of 46.8 mg/ day green tea for 25 days can reduce liver injury which induced with 0.065 mg/ day methotrexate for the last 5 day experiment measured with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test.
Design: Healthy male Balb/c mice (20-30 g body weight, 6-8 wk old) were used. A dose of methotrexate (0.065 mg/ day) was administered orally to induce liver injury and green tea (46.8 mg/ day) was administered orally by orogastric tube. The blood sample was taken on day-32 from plexus venousus retro orbitalis to assess the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT).
Results: The consuming of 46.8 mg/ day green tea for 25 days not significantly proved prevent liver injury in mice that induced with 0.065 mg/ day methotrexate for the last 5 day experiment. Analysis result was considered not significant.
Conclusions: Analysis result was considered not significant.
Key Words: cathecin • green tea • methotrexate • liver injury • ALT serum
Pengaruh Pemberian Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis) Terhadap Jumlah ALT Mencit Balb/c yang diberi Metotreksat
Latar belakang : Katekin, salah satu dari senyawa polifenol teh hijau telah diteliti dapat menghambat kerusakan hepar yang ditandai dengan penurunan serum ALT di dalam darah. Metotrexat adalah obat antimetabolit yang biasa dipakai dalam pengobatan kanker dengan efek samping hepatotoksik dan fibrosis hepar. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memeriksa efek teh hijau dalam menghambat kerusakan hepar yang disebebkan oleh metotrexat.
Objektif: tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengatahui apakah pemberian teh hijau dosis 46,8 mg/hari selama 25 hari dapat menghambat kerusakan hepar pada mencit Balb/c yang beri diberi metotreksat dosis 0,065 mg/hari selama 5 hari terakhir yang dinilai dengan serum ALT.
Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan hewan percobaan mencit sehat umur 6-8 minggu dengan berat 20-30 gram. Metotrexat diberikan 0.065 mg per hari secara oral untuk memberikan efek kerusakan hepar. Sedangkan tehijau diberikan secara oral dengan dosis 46,8 mg per hari. Sampel darah diambil pada hari ke-32 melalui plexus venousus retro orbitalis untuk menghitung serum ALT.
Hasil : Pemberian teh hijau dosis 46,8 mg/hari selama 25 hari tidak terbukti dapat menghambat kerusakan hepar pada mencit Balb/c yang beri diberi metotreksat dosis 0,065 mg/hari selama 5 hari terakhir.
Kesimpulan : Pemberian teh hijau dosis 46,8 mg/hari selama 25 hari tidak terbukti dapat menghambat kerusakan hepar pada mencit Balb/c yang beri diberi metotreksat dosis 0,065 mg/hari selama 5 hari terakhir. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada ketiga kelompok.
Kata kunci : katekin, Teh hijau, metotreksat, kerusakan hepar, serum AL
Some Remarks on Rovelli's "Why Gauge?"
No full textRovelli's "Why Gauge?" offers a parable to show that gauge-dependent quantities have a modal and relational physical significance. We subject the morals of this parable to philosophical scrutiny and argue that, while his overarching point stands, there are subtle disanalogies between his parable and our best gauge theories, e.g. Yang-Mills theory and General Relativity
FOXM1 coming of age: Time for translation into clinical benefits?
No full textA decade since the first evidence implicating the cell cycle transcription factor FOXM1 in human tumourigenesis, a slew of subsequent studies revealed an oncogenic role of FOXM1 in the majority of human cancers including oral, nasopharynx, oropharynx, oesophagus, breast, ovary, prostate, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, colon, brain, cervix, thyroid, bladder, uterus, testis, stomach, skin and blood. Its aberrant upregulation in almost all different cancer types suggests a fundamental role for FOXM1 in tumourigenesis. Its dose-dependent expression pattern correlated well with tumour progression starting from cancer predisposition and initiation, early premalignancy and progression, to metastatic invasion. In addition, emerging studies have demonstrated a causal link between FOXM1 and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Despite the well-established multifaceted roles for FOXM1 in all stages of oncogenesis, its translation into clinical benefit is yet to materialise. In this contribution, I reviewed and discussed how our current knowledge on the oncogenic mechanisms of FOXM1 could be exploited for clinical use as biomarker for risk prediction, early cancer screening, molecular diagnostics/prognostics and/or companion diagnostics for per
PENGARUH SUHU TERHADAP KADAR VITAMIN C KOMBUCHA TEH HITAM, TEH HIJAU, DAN EARLGREY SELAMA MASA SIMPAN
No full textKombucha is a fermentation drink of tea and SCOBY. One of the nutritious content of kombucha tea is vitamin C. Vitamin C in kombucha is produced by breaking down glucose by Sacharomyces. The longer fermentation lasts, the more sugar used by Sacharomyces, and it causes the decreasing of vitamin C content. The aim of this study is to determine the optimum temperature in controlling vitamin C content during the storage period of post-fermentation kombucha tea (7 and 14 days) and to compare the most stable kombucha tea (black tea, green tea and earl gray tea) in producing vitamin C after heating treatment. Vitamin C in kombucha obtained by measuring it’s absorbance in UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 265nm wavelength. The absorbance value will be calculated as the percentage of vitamin C content. The percentage calculation done by calculating the linear regression equation. The results obtained indicates that the most optimum temperature for controlling vitamin C during the storage period is heating it in 65oC for 15 minutes. Vitamin C is best produced from kombucha which is derived from green tea, black tea and then earl gray tea (sequentially). It can be concluded that heating kombucha in 65oC and 70oC is able to control the vitamin C value in black, green, and earlgrey tea kombuchaKombucha merupakan minuman fermentasi teh dengan SCOBY. Salah satu kandungan teh kombucha adalah vitamin C. Vitamin C pada kombucha dihasilkan dari pemecahan glukosa oleh Sachharomyces. Semakin lama fermentasi berlangsung, maka semakin habis kandungan gula, dan menyebabkan kandungan vitamin C menurun setelah di dapatkan titik optimum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat suhu optimum dalam mengontrol kandungan vitamin C selama masa penyimpanan teh kombucha pasca fermentasi (7 dan 14 hari) dan membandingkan kombucha penghasil vitamin C tertinggi setelah dipanaskan antara teh hitam, teh hijau dan teh earl grey. Pengukuran vitamin C pada kombucha dilakukan dengan mengukur absorbansi pada Panjang gelombang 265nm menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Nilai absorbansi yang didapatkan kemudian dihitung persen kadar vitamin C menggunakan persamaan regresi linier yang didapatkan dari perhitungan Panjang gelombang larutan baku kerja. Adapun hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa suhu paling optimum dalam mengkontrol vitamin c selama masa penyimpanan adalah suhu 65oC selama 15 menit. Dari berbagai macam suhu pemanasan, vitamin C paling baik dihasilka dari kombucha yang berasal dari teh hijau, teh hitam kemudian teh earl grey (secara berurutan). Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil yaitu pemanasan pada suhu 65oC dan 70oC mampu mengontrol kandungan vitamin C pada kombucha teh hitam, hijau, dan earlgrey
Genetic variation and inheritance of phytosterol and oil content in a doubled haploid population derived from the winter oilseed rape Sansibar × Oase cross
No full textIdentification of QTL for phytosterol content, oil content, fatty acids content, protein content of defatted meal, and seed weight by multiple interval mapping in a Brassica napus DH population. Phytosterols are minor seed constituents in oilseed rape which have recently drawn wide-interest from the food and nutrition industry due to their health benefit in lowering LDL cholesterol in humans. To understand the genetic basis of phytosterol content and its relationship with other seed quality traits in oilseed rape, QTL mapping was performed in a segregating DH population derived from the cross of two winter oilseed rape varieties, Sansibar and Oase, termed SODH population. Both parental lines are of canola quality which differ in phytosterol and oil content in seed. A genetic map was constructed for SODH population based on a total of 1638 markers organized in 23 linkage groups and covering a map length of 2350 cM with a mean marker interval of 2.0 cM. The SODH population and the parental lines were cultivated at six environments in Europe and were phenotyped for phytosterol content, oil content, fatty acids content, protein content of the defatted meal, and seed weight. Multiple interval mapping identified between one and six QTL for nine phytosterol traits, between two and six QTL for four fatty acids, five QTL for oil content, four QTL for protein content of defatted meal, and three QTL for seed weight. Colocalizations of QTL for different traits were more frequently observed than individual isolated QTL. Major QTL (R (2) a parts per thousand yen 25 %) were all located in the A genome, and the possible candidate genes were investigated by physical localization of the QTL to the reference genome sequence of Brassica rapa.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [MO 604/8-1
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