1,721,029 research outputs found
Introduction:Exploring Power Dynamics in Education across Southeast Asia
No full textThe Introduction describes the aim of this volume, which is to illustrate the relationship between education and power in contemporary Southeast Asia. The themes of this volume, by which the chapters are organized, are centralization and decentralization; privatization and marketization; and equity and justice. Finally, the Introduction introduces four questions that tie together the volume's chapters: (1) What educational practices have resulted from the domestic and regional competition among the many actors (both domestically and regionally) and histories (from religious and colonial to independence and contemporary) in the region? (2) How has educational governance been altered because of these actors and histories? (3) In what ways are changes in educational systems reflective of the larger political economy and power relations of the region or globe? and (4) What educational outcomes result from such configurations of these dynamics
Access to Higher Education in Areas of Contested Authority:The Case of Karen Students in the KNU-Controlled Areas in Myanmar
No full textThe chapter explores the theme of equity and justice in the context of ethnic minority groups in Myanmar and focuses on the case of access to higher education in Karen National Union (KNU)-controlled areas. In so doing, it analyzes how competition between the KNU and the central Burmese government pre-coup affected inclusion and exclusion. As a result of the power struggles between KNU and the then central Burmese government, students in KNU-controlled areas are found to have very limited and perhaps even less access to higher education than those who grow up as refugees and migrants in Thailand. This significantly affects the human resources among KNU and the wider Karen population, which is crucial for the success of a future federal governance system and peace in Myanmar. More so, it has severe impacts for young Karens' well-being. However, there is a large gap in understanding and supporting access to higher education for Myanmar's ethnic minority groups.</p
The Influence of Global Education in Indonesia : PISA Tests, Different Conceptions of National Assessment and the Policymaking Process
No full textThis chapter begins by analyzing how 2020's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) potentially affected the introduction of a national assessment for Indonesia's national education system, the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM). This study will assess Indonesia's PISA test results, the AKM, the policymaking process and the media's coverage of the Indonesian education system between 2019 and 2021, which ultimately led to the decision to introduce the AKM and scrap the existing assessment system. The study reveals that it was not a policy-borrowing process which was the key concern, but rather the lack of communication and different perceptions of assessment and education policies among domestic actors in the country and in the policymaking process. It then investigates different concepts of assessment (i.e., the assessment of the education system or actual student learning) held by different actors in cognizance of the need to modernize the existing education assessment system.peerReviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Islamic education in Indonesia and Malaysia : shaping minds, saving souls
No full textDespite their close geographic and cultural ties, Indonesia and Malaysia have dramatically different Islamic education, with that in Indonesia being relatively decentralized and discursively diverse, while that in Malaysia is centralized and discursively restricted.The book explores the nature of the Islamic education systems in Indonesia and Malaysia and the different approaches taken by these states in managing these systems. The book argues that the post-colonial state in Malaysia has been more successful in centralising its control over Islamic education, and more concerned with promoting a restrictive orthodoxy, compared to the post-colonial state in Indonesia. This is due to three factors: the ideological makeup of the state institutions that oversee Islamic education; patterns of societal Islamisation that have prompted different responses from the states; and control of resources by the central government that influences centre-periphery relations. Informed by the theoretical works of state-in-society relations and historical institutionalism, this book shows that the three aforementioned factors can help a state to minimize influence from the society and exert its dominance, in this case by centralising control over Islamic education. Specifically, they help us understand the markedly different landscapes of Islamic education in Malaysia and Indonesia.It will be of interest to academics in the field of Southeast Asian Studies, Asian Education and Comparative Education
Exploring Alternative form of International Aid: A Study on Islamic Faith Based Organisation (IFBOs) Assistance in Gaza, Palestine
Full text linkInternational aid from the U. S, UK, and EU has always been constantly debated within the context of the Occupied Palestinian Territories (oPt). The concern revolves around Western donors’ strict political and economic-based conditions. Critiques focus on how these factors impede aid effectiveness in addressing the local Palestinian challenges under Israel’s colonisation. The researcher argued, while this theme has been a defining feature of the academic debate for the past two decades, less research is apportioned towards exploring an alternative form of donorship. To be specific, the idea of seeking a new category of actor donor which might render aid in a more selfless, flexible, and democratic basis. To explore this potentiality, the researcher selected the IFBOs sector focusing on organisations from Malaysia, i.e. Malaysian Islamic Faith-Based Organisation (MFBOs). I dissected the policies of 7 MFBOs to gain insights into this sector’s socio-economic aid in Gaza. I interviewed 13 policymakers. The overall outcome of this exploratory research suggested the MFBOs sector is generally more flexible and democratic in their policy conduct. Further research is also needed to expand this discourse
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