171,645 research outputs found
India - Pakistan Trade
No full textQuantitative studies estimate that potential two way trade between India and Pakistan can be about 10 times than its rather unsatisfactory current level of $ 613 million. Moving towards realizing this trade potential is clearly in the interest of both countries and the region. In this context this study identifies areas of trade and investment co-operation between the two countries. On the basis of a survey conducted in three cities viz., Delhi, Mumbai and Amritsar the paper examines the characteristics of firms engaged in Indo-Pakistan trade. It also estimates existing transport arrangement between the two countries and the impact of all extant non-tariff barriers. The study suggests that the most important step towards enhancing trade would be to adopt the MFN principle as the current policy inhibits trade, lacks transparency and leads to high transaction costs. The study finds that transportation links between the two countries are inadequate and suggests that new rail and road links should be opened. Transaction costs of trading between India and Pakistan are high and can be lowered by implementing some rather simple policy measures that are spelled out in the paper. The study also examines recent developments in BIMSTEC, ASEAN and in Indo-Sri Lanka and Indo-Nepal trade agreements, and draws lessons to enhance Indo-Pakistan trade.South Asia, India-Pakistan trade, commercial policy, MFN
India – Pakistan Trade
No full textQuantitative studies estimate that potential two way trade between India and Pakistan can be about 10 times than its rather unsatisfactory current level of $ 613 million. Moving towards realizing this trade potential is clearly in the interest of both countries and the region. In this context this study identifies areas of trade and investment co-operation between the two countries. On the basis of a survey conducted in three cities viz., Delhi, Mumbai and Amritsar the paper examines the characteristics of firms engaged in Indo- Pakistan trade. It also estimates the transaction costs of trade on the basis of a detailed examination of existing transport arrangement between the two countries and the impact of all extant non-tariff barriers. The study suggests that the most important step towards enhancing trade would be to adopt the MFN principle as the current policy inhibits trade, lacks transparency and leads to high transaction costs. The study finds that transportation links between the two countries are inadequate and suggests that new rail and road links should be opened. Transaction costs of trading between India and Pakistan are high and can be lowered by implementing some rather simple policy measures that are spelled out in the paper. The study also examines recent developments in BIMSTEC, ASEAN and in Indo-Sri Lanka and Indo-Nepal trade agreements, and draws lessons to enhance Indo-Pakistan trade.South Asia, India-Pakistan trade, commercial policy, MFN
Article Review: Henri Fayol, Practitioner and Theoretician - Revered and Reviled by Mildred Golden Pryor and Sonia Taneja
No full textThe primary objective of this paper is to review an article titled “Henri Fayol, practitioner and theoretician - revered and reviled” written by Mildred Golden Pryor and Sonia Taneja (2010). Pryor and Taneja (2010) critically evaluate Fayol’s theory within the contemporary business context. They argued that Fayol’s theories are valuable and relevant for organizational leaders because Fayol was a practitioner who documented theoriesthat worked best for him and his co-workers. Even though, there are a few criticisms on Fayol’s theories still his theories are applicable with some advancement as a basement for the management implications for the contemporary business world. Pryor and Taneja (2010) compare Fayol’s work with the contribution of other scholars namely, Follett, Mintzberg, Taylor, and Porter’s, while evaluating the original and current interpretation and application of Fayol’s theories. Finally, Pryor and Taneja (2010) appreciate Fayol’s contribution specially the 14 principles of management due to its more optimistic features. Therefore, it is necessary for the students, teachers, and practitioners to understand the relevance of the theories and be able to utilize, Fayol’s principles and theories for improving the organizational performance and further studies.
Keyword: Article review, Henri Fayol, Practitioner, Theoreticia
Caracterização da j-divergência suas generalidades e aplicações em probabilidade de erro
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1983
Entropia paramétrica generalizada e a probabilidade de erro
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1982
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Fully Synthesizable PUF Featuring Hysteresis and Temperature Compensation for 3.2% Native BER and 1.02 fJ/b in 40 nm
No full textThis paper presents a physically unclonable function (PUF) that can be designed with an automated digital design flow with a standard-cell approach. Compared to conventional PUFs designed in an analog or array style, the proposed PUF can be immersed in logic for inherent PUF obfuscation, and entails significantly lower design effort. The proposed PUF, belongs to the static monostable PUF class, is based on regulated cascode current mirrors (RCCM) and has hysteretic behavior to improve robustness against bit flips caused by noise, voltage, and temperature fluctuations. Hysteresis is achieved by inserting a Muller C-element in the PUF output stage and skewed inverters. The impact of temperature fluctuations on the stability is further reduced through a temperature compensation feedback loop. A 40-nm testchip was designed through a digital design flow based on the proposed PUF standard cell. Testchip measurements show native worst case bit error rate (BER) of 3.2% at 0.8-1.0-V voltage and 25 °C-85 °C temperature. A temperature sensitivity of 0.015%/°C in terms of PUF instability, an energy per bitcell of 1.02 fJ/b, and an autocorrelation function (ACF) of 0.00735 at 95% confidence are achieved, being the lowest reported to date. In view of the low design effort and low power consumption, the proposed PUF is amenable for low-cost and low-power systems on chip (SoC) (e. g., for Internet of Things applications)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development of a high-order accurate reservoir simulator using spectral element method
No full textReservoir simulation serves as an important tool for reservoir management to predict and optimize the future performance of a reservoir. Modeling multiphase fluid flow in porous media can be computationally challenging due to heterogeneous geologic features and sharp, moving fluid interfaces. Low-order convergence of conventional reservoir simulators, often based on finite volume or finite element methods, can be computationally prohibitive to fully resolve the physics of flows with sharp fronts. A high-order numerical scheme with strong stability properties and robustness to accurately resolve the physics of reservoir flows is thus highly desirable.
The current research work focuses on the case of two-phase immiscible, incompressible fluid flow in oil reservoirs and seeks to develop a high-order accurate numerical scheme. Governing equations for two-phase incompressible flow in porous media, derived in terms of pressure p and saturation s, are a coupled system of partial differential equations (PDEs) with elliptic-parabolic nature in general. Under certain conditions, the governing equations can become elliptic-hyperbolic in nature. Computational challenges in numerically solving PDEs with discontinuous solutions or discontinuous data are identified and various numerical schemes reviewed for meeting desired goals of accuracy and stability. In particular, numerical comparisons are given for convective hyperbolic PDEs using (a) a first-order upwind finite volume method, (b) a hybrid 1st/2nd order Jameson-Schmidt-Turkel scheme, (c) explicit Runge-Kutta Discontinuous Galerkin method of Cockburn and Shu, and (d) an implicit Discontinuous Galerkin method.
Based on the conclusions drawn from these schemes, a fully coupled implicit Discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method (DGSEM) is proposed to solve the two non-linear governing equations in pressure and saturation. The proposed DGSEM scheme is capable of using high-order spectral elements and controlled amount of artificial diffusion to achieve stable, robust numerical solutions. Spectral/hp-convergence of DGSEM scheme is demonstrated for quarter five-spot pattern flow in homogeneous reservoirs. Superior performance capabilities of the DGSEM scheme in resolving heterogeneous geologic features are demonstrated. A novel approach for using volumetric source terms for injection/production wells on spectral element grids not required to be conforming with geometric or geologic features is presented. Numerical results are presented for simulations with different types of geologic heterogeneities and injection/production patterns for 2D reservoirs.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2017-08-10 without embargo termsThe student, Ankur Taneja, accepted the attached license on 2017-01-05 at 15:45.The student, Ankur Taneja, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-01-05 at 15:57.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-01-09 at 12:45.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10530 on 2017-08-10 at 13:37:09Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T19:14:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 16
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Previous issue date: 2017-01-0
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