1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Nurses' experiences of mechanical restraints on patients in psychiatric care
No full textBakgrund: Fastspänning är en fysisk tvångsåtgärd som används i psykiatrisk slutenvård för att hantera akuta situationer där det finns risk för skada. Åtgärden är ingripande och regleras av lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT) som betonar att den endast får användas som en sista utväg när andra åtgärder inte är tillräckliga. Trots tydliga lagar och riktlinjer kvarstår organisatoriska utmaningar såsom bemanning och vårdmiljö, samtidigt som etiska frågor om patientens autonomi, rättssäkerhet och värdighet också är centrala. Ur patientens perspektiv innebär fastspänning en total inskränkning av frihet och integritet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser i samband med fastspänning av patienter inom den psykiatriska slutenvården. Metod: Studien har genomförts som en litteraturstudie med systematiska sökningar i vetenskapliga databaser. Endast kvalitativa studier inkluderades med fokus på sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att genomföra fastspänningar inom den psykiatriska slutenvården. Analysen genomfördes med hjälp av en tematisk analys för att identifiera återkommande teman i det empiriska materialet. Resultat: Resultatet visade tre centrala teman: Inverkan på den vårdande relationen, Etisk stress i den professionella rollen samt Säkerhet och riskhantering vid fastspänningar. Slutsats: Fastspänning är en komplex vårdsituation som väcker etiska överväganden och ställer höga krav på vårdpersonal. Resultatet understryker behovet av reflektion, stöd och utbildning för att situationen ska kunna hanteras på ett sätt som värnar både patientens rättigheter och sjuksköterskans hälsa.Background: Mechanical restraint is a coercive intervention used in psychiatric inpatient care to manage acute situations where there is a risk of harm. The measure is highly intrusive and regulated by the Swedish Compulsory Psychiatric Care Act (LPT), which emphasizes that it may only be applied as a last resort when other interventions are insufficient. Despite clear legislation and guidelines, organizational challenges such as staffing and ward environment remain, while ethical concerns regarding patients’ autonomy, legal rights, and dignity are also central. From the patient’s perspective, mechanical restraint represents a complete restriction of freedom and integrity. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nurses’ experiences of mechanical restraint in psychiatric inpatient care. Method: The study was conducted as a literature review with systematic searches in scientific databases. Only qualitative studies were included, focusing on nurses’ experiences of carrying out mechanical restraint in psychiatric inpatient care. The material was analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes in the empirical data. Results: The results revealed three central themes: Impact on the therapeutic relationship, Ethical stress in the professional role, and Safety and risk management in mechanical restraint. Conclusion: Mechanical restraint is a complex care situation that raises ethical considerations and places high demands on healthcare professionals. The results highlight the need for reflection, support, and education in order to manage such situations in a way that safeguards both patients’ rights and nurses’ health
Nurses' experiences of mechanical restraints on patients in psychiatric care
No full textBakgrund: Fastspänning är en fysisk tvångsåtgärd som används i psykiatrisk slutenvård för att hantera akuta situationer där det finns risk för skada. Åtgärden är ingripande och regleras av lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård (LPT) som betonar att den endast får användas som en sista utväg när andra åtgärder inte är tillräckliga. Trots tydliga lagar och riktlinjer kvarstår organisatoriska utmaningar såsom bemanning och vårdmiljö, samtidigt som etiska frågor om patientens autonomi, rättssäkerhet och värdighet också är centrala. Ur patientens perspektiv innebär fastspänning en total inskränkning av frihet och integritet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser i samband med fastspänning av patienter inom den psykiatriska slutenvården. Metod: Studien har genomförts som en litteraturstudie med systematiska sökningar i vetenskapliga databaser. Endast kvalitativa studier inkluderades med fokus på sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att genomföra fastspänningar inom den psykiatriska slutenvården. Analysen genomfördes med hjälp av en tematisk analys för att identifiera återkommande teman i det empiriska materialet. Resultat: Resultatet visade tre centrala teman: Inverkan på den vårdande relationen, Etisk stress i den professionella rollen samt Säkerhet och riskhantering vid fastspänningar. Slutsats: Fastspänning är en komplex vårdsituation som väcker etiska överväganden och ställer höga krav på vårdpersonal. Resultatet understryker behovet av reflektion, stöd och utbildning för att situationen ska kunna hanteras på ett sätt som värnar både patientens rättigheter och sjuksköterskans hälsa.Background: Mechanical restraint is a coercive intervention used in psychiatric inpatient care to manage acute situations where there is a risk of harm. The measure is highly intrusive and regulated by the Swedish Compulsory Psychiatric Care Act (LPT), which emphasizes that it may only be applied as a last resort when other interventions are insufficient. Despite clear legislation and guidelines, organizational challenges such as staffing and ward environment remain, while ethical concerns regarding patients’ autonomy, legal rights, and dignity are also central. From the patient’s perspective, mechanical restraint represents a complete restriction of freedom and integrity. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe nurses’ experiences of mechanical restraint in psychiatric inpatient care. Method: The study was conducted as a literature review with systematic searches in scientific databases. Only qualitative studies were included, focusing on nurses’ experiences of carrying out mechanical restraint in psychiatric inpatient care. The material was analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes in the empirical data. Results: The results revealed three central themes: Impact on the therapeutic relationship, Ethical stress in the professional role, and Safety and risk management in mechanical restraint. Conclusion: Mechanical restraint is a complex care situation that raises ethical considerations and places high demands on healthcare professionals. The results highlight the need for reflection, support, and education in order to manage such situations in a way that safeguards both patients’ rights and nurses’ health
People's experiences of lifestyle changes in type 2 diabetes : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Författarna beskrev patofysiologin vid folkhälsosjukdomen diabetes typ 2, sjuksköterskans roll för patienter med diabetes typ 2 och patientens egna perspektiv vid diabetes typ 2. Fem procent av befolkningen i Sverige har diabetes typ 2 och därför är det viktigt att forskning och undersökningar görs kring sjukdomen. Detta för att kontrollera folksjukdomen och kunna beskriva hur vuxna personer upplever förändringarna i livsstilen av att leva med diabetes typ 2 då rutinerna kan rubbas. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vuxna personers erfarenheter av att genomföra livsstilsförändringar vid diabetes typ 2. Metod: Författarna har gjort en litteraturöversikt med hjälp utav kvalitativa artiklar. Sökningar har gjorts i Cinahl Complete och Nursing & Allied Health Database. Resultat: Resultatet delades in i tre huvudteman: Bristande kunskap om sjukdomens följder samt påverkan, hur relationen mellan vårdgivare och patient påverkar och emotionell hälsa/ohälsa framkallat av sjukdomen och dess levnadssätt. Temat gällande bristande kunskap syftade på att framställa hur otillräckligt kunskap påverkade livsstilsförändringar. Temat gällande relationen mellan vårdgivare och patienten syftade på att framställa hur vårdgivaren genom beteende och handlingar påverkade livsstilsförändringar. Temat gällande emotionell hälsa/ohälsa syftade på att framställa vad som upplevs vid genomförande av livsstilsförändringar. Sammanfattning: Många med diabetes typ 2 upplever livsstilsförändringar som tufft och ansträngande och därav krävs det både tid samt motivationen för patienten och ifrån vårdarens sida.Background: The authors described the pathophysiology of the public health disease diabetes type 2, the role of the nurse for patients with type 2 diabetes and the patient's own perspective in type 2 diabetes. Five percent of the population in Sweden has type 2 diabetes and therefore it is important that research and investigation is done on the disease. This is to control the public disease and to be able to describe how adults experience the changes in the lifestyle of living with type 2 diabetes when the routines can be disturbed. Aim: The purpose was to describe adults experience of implementing lifestyle changes in type 2 diabetes. Method: The authors have made a literature review with the help of qualitative articles. Searches have been performed in Cinahl Complete and Nursing & Allied Health Database Premium. Results: The results were divided into three main themes: Lack of knowledge about the consequences of the disease and the impact, how the relationship between caregiver and patient affects and emotional health/ill health caused bythe disease and its way of life. The theme regarding lack of knowledge aimed topresent how insufficient knowledge affected lifestyle changes. The theme regarding the relationship between caregiver and patient was aimed at presenting how the caregiver through behaviour and actions affected lifestyle changes. The theme regarding emotional health / ill health was aimed at presenting what is experienced when implementing lifestyle changes. Abstract: Many people with type 2 diabetes experience lifestyle changes as tough and strenuous and therefore require both time and motivation for the patient and the caregiver
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