12 research outputs found
INTERAKSI GENETIK X LINGKUNGAN DAN STABILITAS JUMLAH BUAH 11 AKSESI PINANG LOKAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN PARAMETRIK
Get PDFAreca is an annual plant that has many benefits and a high economy. The need for areca nuts for industry is a challenge because only two varieties have been released and little farmers who plant areca nuts. Exploration of superior areca candidates are one way to overcome this problem. This aim of research is to determine the stability and adaptability of 12 local areca nuts to the number of fruit. This research was conducted at Kayuwatu Expermental Farm for 4 years from 2014-2017. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) 2 replications with 15 sample plants. The result of the research showed that Malinow 2 accession is a stable accession based on the stability analysis of Finlay Wilkinson and Eberhart Russel and can grow in a marginal environment, while Huntu 1 and Galangsuka Accession is a stable accession in optimal environment
Acceleration of smallholder plantation development through the development of farmers economic institutions in North Sulawesi
No full textThe agricultural sector in North Sulawesi is about 50-60% of smallholder plantation areas with an area of 413,000 ha, and approximately 97% of its managers are farmers located in one area. There are nine plantation crops that are generally managed by independent farmers with an average land ownership of 1.2 ha/family farmers. Farm management of each commodity is more dominant conventionally and monoculture. The financial value per unit of farming of various commodities is still low due to several factors, such as sales transactions and the acquisition of production equipment is still carried out individually. Based on the above background, an analysis of the acceleration of smallholder plantation development is carried out through the development of farmer economic institutions in North Sulawesi. This paper aims to see the importance of building a developed and independent farmer economic institution for the acceleration of smallholder plantation development. The data used is secondary data and the results of the research were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The result of this study show that a developed and independent farmer economic institution in each village will greatly help farmers to guarantee the development of commercial farming and farmers income more adequately
Analg front-end design design for biomedical signal acquisition systems.
No full textThis manuscript contains a brief overview
of the work being carried out by the author under the
aegis of Visvesvaraya Young Faculty Research Fellow-
ship awarded to him by the Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology (MeitY), India.ye
Potensi Pengembangan Varietas Kelapa Dalam Mastutin asal Sumbawa NTB / The Potency to Develop Mastutin Tall Variety from Sumbawa NTB
No full textProblems encountered in the development of the coconut is the limited availability of improved seed, and almost all developing regions require palms, which grow well in specific locations. One of the producing regions of coconut is Sumbawa district in West Nusa Tenggara. The objective of this research was to evaluating the yield of Mastutin coconut and its potential to suport coconut variety development in Indonesia. The evaluation was conducted by observing the selected mother palms in the Mastutin coconut original location. The research was conducted around three years (2012 – 2014) in Labuhan Mapin village, Sumbawa district, by using observation method. Observations were carried out on the vegetative and generative characters, components of fruit, the chemical composition of the endosperm, high yielding block, and parrent tall coconut. The results indicated the potency of Mastutin coconut yield was > 3 tons copra per ha per year. The oil content of Mastutin coconut was 61,88 %. It grows well in areas having drought period of 4 – 6 months, and has large stem girth characters. Population of tall coconut palms growing in Labuan Mapin Village are suitable as high yielding block. Tall coconut in the village of Labuan Mapin could potentially produced ± 75 970 seeds per year from a total of 710 selected high yielding palms. The Mastutin Tall coconut from the Labuhan Mapin village has been released as local superior tall coconut variety under the name of Mastutin Tall Coconut. The coconut seeds produced from selected Mastutin Tall population can be used as breeding materials for creating new superior coconut variety, as seed sources for coconut development and replanting programs.

ABSTRAK

Permasalahan yang ditemui dalam pengembangan kelapa adalah terbatasnya ketersediaan benih unggul. Hampir semua daerah pengembangan membutuhkan benih kelapa yang spesifik lokasi agar produksinya optimal. Salah satu daerah penghasil kelapa di Indonesia adalah Kabupaten Sumbawa di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi produksi benih kelapa Mastutin, melalui pengamatan pohon induk terpilih sebagai materi pengembangan kelapa di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan sejak tahun 2012 – 2014 di Desa Labuan Mapin, Kabupaten Sumbawa dengan menggunakan metode observasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter vegetatif, generatif, komponen buah, komposisi kimia daging buah, populasi atau blok pertanaman, pohon induk sebagai sumber benih. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa kelapa Dalam di Desa Labuan Mapin mempunyai potensi produksi tinggi, yaitu > 3 ton kopra per ha per tahun dengan kadar minyak 61,88% dan dapat tumbuh baik pada daerah yang memiliki bulan kering 4 – 6 bulan; memiliki ukuran batang besar. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian populasi atau blok pertanaman, populasi kelapa Dalam di Desa Labuan Mapin memenuhi syarat sebagai Blok Penghasil Tinggi (BPT). Hasil seleksi diperoleh sebanyak 710 Pohon Induk Terpilih (PIT) dengan potensi produksi benih sebanyak ± 75.970 butir per tahun. Kelapa Dalam di Desa Labuan Mapin, telah dilepas sebagai varietas unggul lokal dengan nama kelapa Dalam Mastutin. Pohon Induk Terpilih kelapa Dalam varietas Mastutin dapat digunakan sebagai materi pemuliaan untuk merakit varietas unggul baru,dan sebagai sumber benih untuk pengembangan dan peremajaan.</jats:p
Breeding for pest resistance in coconut palm
No full textOne of the most important goals of coconut breeding today is to obtain coconut cultivars, tolerant or resistant to biotic stress, such as attacks by major coconut pests which are presently increased in threat due to climate change action. Pests on coconuts attack and disrupt the productivity of coconut plants and cause coconut productivity to decrease, and seedlings and mature bearing coconut trees can even die. The main pests that are making economically significant damage to coconut palm are insects, mites and nematodes. Among insects, Oryctes rhinoceros (Black Beetle), Rhynchoporus ferrugineus Oliver (Red Plam weevil), Brontispa longissima (hispine Beetle) and Aleurodicus cocois (Coconut Whitefly). Other major pests are Aceria guerreronis (coconut mite), and the red ring disease, caused by the nematode Bursaphelenchus cocophilus. Controlling and preventing pest attacks on coconut plants is very important to reduce yield losses. In response to herbivores, pathogens, and parasites, ranging from viruses to insects and mammals, plants have developed a large range of defensive strategies. Plant–pathogen interaction includes in a full continuum of outcomes, ranging from extreme susceptibility to tolerance, and up to complete resistance. The plant has one or more resistance genes that prevent the proliferation of the pathogen. So in the particular case of coconut pests, and in the context of the genetic improvement of coconut varieties, the concept of tolerance is more appropriate than that of resistance. One of the less costly and time-consuming methods for pest mitigation is to use tolerant varieties
Competitiveness of Indonesian Rice Prices in The International Market
No full textMore than 40 countries produce world rice, only six major exporting countries, namely India, Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan, Myanmar, and the United States. The availability of rice on the world market annually ranges from 39-42 million tons that 40% of it imported by Asian countries, and China imports 6 million tons per year. Retail rice prices in Japan are USD 5.20/kg, Saudi Arabia USD 2.30/kg, and in Africa around USD 1.0 / kg, higher than Indonesia. The price of medium rice offered in the world market ranges from USD 0.34 - USD 0.4 per kg, while the price of special rice is USD 1,000/ton or more. Indonesia has the opportunity to export Basmati and aromatic rice to Japan and Saudi Arabia, which purchased at high prices. This export opportunities driven by reciprocal bilateral trade. Rice export to African countries needs to be explore under bilateral trade agreements. Indonesia has chance to export rice if it is able to consistently achieve a production surplus of at least 2 million tons per year. At the stage of exports, the role of the government needed in the form of tax breaks, quality assurance certification and subsidies for the rice production process
Varietas Kelapa Sri Gemilang untuk Lahan Pasang Surut / Sri Gemilang Coconut Variety for Tidal Area
No full text<p><strong>Sri Gemilang Coconut Variety for Tidal Area</strong></p><p>Indonesia has a tidal swampy area of about 33.4 million hectares, from which + 20 million hectares could be cultivated as a coconut plantation. If it is used optimally, the area could play an important role in supporting the national food security. Several technologies have been produced and applied, and the use of adaptive varieties in tidal land, can improve and enhance the productivity of the land. The availability of superior tall coconut varieties to meet the required coconut seeds for coconut development program is still limited. All of the coconut high yielding varieties launched by the Minister of Agriculture are suitable for dry land only, and not for tidal one. Sri Gemilang, a coconut variety grown in tidal land in Parit Sialang Krubuk, Hidayah Village, Pelangiran District, Indragiri Hilir, Riau Province was evaluated from 2012 to 2016. Observations showed that the production of frutis and copra were relatively stable, averaging above 3.0 tons of copra/ha/year. Sri Gemilang variety with a potential endosperm weight of about 518 g/nut was selected as palms for superior seed sources. Weight of nuts decreased to about 433 g/nut during observation in 2016, after long dry season. However, it was still higher than the control varieties, DTA (371 g/nut) and DMT (366 g/nut) grown on the same tidal land. If the weight of coconut meat is converted to the production of copra/ha, it can reach &gt; 3.0 tons of copra/ha/year, while DTA and DMT grown on tidal land was only 1.6 tons and 1.56 tons of copra/ha/year, respectively. The low weight of endosperm of DTA and DMT is presumably because both varieties which typically grow well on dry land, less adaptable on tidal land.</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p><br />Indonesia memiliki lahan rawa pasang surut 33,4 juta hektar, sekitar 20 juta hektar dapat diusahakan sebagai perkebunan kelapa. Jika dimanfaatkan secara optimal akan berperan penting dalam mendukung swasembada dan ketahanan pangan nasional. Beberapa teknologi telah dihasilkan dan diterapkan, penggunaan varietas adaptif di lahan pasang surut, dapat memperbaiki dan meningkatkan produktivitas lahan. Jenis kelapa Dalam unggul yang tersedia masih sangat terbatas sehingga belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan benih untuk program pengembangan kelapa. Varietas unggul kelapa yang telah dilepas oleh Menteri Pertanian, semuanya memiliki habitat pada lahan kering, sedangkan habitat pada lahan pasang surut belum ada. Kelapa Dalam Sri Gemilang tumbuh di lahan pasang surut, yaitu di Parit Sialang Krubuk, Desa Hidayah, Kecamatan Pelangiran, Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau. Hasil penelitian tahun 2012 hingga 2016, menunjukkan bahwa produksi buah kelapa dan kopra relatif stabil, yaitu rata-rata di atas 3,0 ton kopra/ha/tahun. Pada varietas kelapa Sri Gemilang dilakukan pemilihan Pohon Induk dengan potensi rata-rata berat daging buah 518 g/butir. Kemarau panjang pada tahun 2015 mengakibatkan berat daging buah turun pada tahun 2016, yaitu 433 g/butir, namun lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelapa DTA (371 g/butir) dan DMT (366 g/butir) sebagai varietas pembanding yang ditanam di lahan pasang surut. Jika berat daging buah kelapa dikonversi ke produksi kopra per hektar maka kelapa Dalam Sri Gemilang mencapai &gt; 3,0 ton kopra/hektar/tahun, sedangkan kelapa DTA dan DMT yang ditanam di lahan pasang surut masing-masing 1,6 ton dan 1,56 ton kopra/hektar/tahun. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Kelapa DTA dan DMT yang biasanya tumbuh baik dan berproduksi tinggi pada lahan kering, kurang adaptif pada lahan pasang surut.</p></jats:p
The Effectiveness of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Overcoming the Venezuelan Refugees Crisis 2020-2023
No full textThis article discusses the effectiveness of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in addressing the refugee crisis in Venezuela. The study examines how effective the UNHCR, as a regime dealing with refugees, has been in managing the refugee crisis that occurred in Venezuela from 2022 to 2023. According to Underdal, a regime can be considered effective if it is able to perform certain functions in line with the purpose for which it was established. Therefore, Underdal's Regime Effectiveness framework guides the analysis of this research, focusing on how the rules and recommendations of the UNHCR have addressed the refugee crisis that has persisted since Venezuela experienced a prolonged crisis, viewed through dependent, independent, and intervening variables. The economic crisis prompted many Venezuelans to leave their country in 2023. This phenomenon is supported by data released by the Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS), which indicates that nearly 7.7 million migrants and refugees had left Venezuela as of August 2023. This figure makes the Venezuelan refugee crisis the largest in the world, surpassing the number of people displaced from Syria and Ukraine. The large number of refugees seeking asylum has inevitably led to various new problems on a regional scale. This is because the countries receiving the refugees have begun to face the difficulties and become overwhelmed in accommodating them. The challenges include limited access to food, healthcare, education, and the emergence of Xenophobia among the refugee population. Furthermore, there has been an increase in cases of gender-based violence in some host countries. The Venezuelan refugee crisis has also received limited support from the international community, making it one of the most underfunded refugee crises in the world, with even less funding than the Rohingya or South Sudan crises. The UNHCR, as the primary agency responsible for safeguarding the welfare of refugees, is the key actor in this crisis. Through data collection methods such as literature reviews, which include books, journals, newspapers, and internet sources. This research aims to analyze whether the UNHCR has been effective in addressing the Venezuelan refugee crisis based on Underdal's regime effectiveness theory. Additionally, the author will examine the relationship between aspects of human security and the refugee crisis at han
Implementation of Environmental Care Character Education in Children Aged 5-6 Years
No full textProviding education is a process of acculturating and empowering students that lasts throughout life. In this process, the role of educators is needed who is able and willing to be a role model, build abilities, and develop students\u27 potential and creativity. The type of research used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This research aims to provide an overview of the Implementation of Character Development. Based on the results of research on the implementation of environmentally caring character education at Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya, the process of implementing environmentally caring character education was carried out by integrating environmentally caring character education into learning activities. This is indicated by the curriculum content used at the Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya, which refers to candy. And the scientific approach in the Merdeka 2020 PAUD Curriculum learning tools for character education already contains character values, starting from CP (learning outcomes), TP (learning objectives) in addition to the semester program and weekly activity plans which already contain character values. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion, the author can draw conclusions regarding the process of developing environmentally caring character in children through the habituation method used by teachers at the Bakti IV Bubutan Islamic Kindergarten, Surabaya
Keragaman Fenotipe Dan Genetik Tiga Varietas Kelapa Genjah Kopyor Asal Pati Jawa Tengah
Get PDFKopyor dwarf coconuts are mutants from Pati, Central Java havinghigh economic values. However, morphological and genetic diversities ofthis coconut were still limited. Morphological and genetic diversity dataare needed for breeding program. The research objectives were to evaluateintra and inter-specific diversity based on morphology, endospermquantity, and SSR alleles. Field evaluations were conducted in Pati whilelaboratory activities were at Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory,Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB. Three populations ofkopyor dwarf varieties (brown, green, and yellow) were evaluated. Thirtytrees were sampled for each population. The average of morphologicaldata were used to construct cluster analysis. Endosperm quantity wasscored (0 – 9) based on a single nut sample. Ten palms were analyzedusing five SSR loci for each population and used to determine geneticdiversity of populations. Results of observations indicated intra-varietymorphological and SSR allele variations among kopyor dwarf was low.However, inter-variety variations were high. The endosperm quantityscores among kopyor dwarf coconut ranged from 1–6. The low intra-variety and high inter-variety variations among the three kopyor dwarfcoconut supported their release as different local varieties. Moreover, thelow intra-variety phenotypic and genotypic diversities among kopyorbrown, green, and yellow dwarf coconut support their use as parents fornew and superior kopyor coconut variety development in the future. Forsuch purpose, however, it is necessary to conduct intra-variety selection toidentify desirable parents based on high kopyor fruit percentage per bunchand for high kopyor endosperm quantity
