102,324 research outputs found

    A Rare Case of Primary Pulmonary Epithelioid Angiosarcoma Detected by F-18-FDG PET/CT

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    We describe a rare case of primary pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma detected by F-18-FDG PET/CT. A 54-year-old female patient with history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma underwent F-18-FDG PET/CT for follow-up. PET/CT detected an area of increased F-18-FDG uptake corresponding to a 4-cm mass located in the inferior lobe of the left lung. Based on this PET/CT finding, the patient underwent left inferior pulmonary lobectomy. Histology demonstrated the presence of a pulmonary epithelioid angiosarcoma. Other sites of disease were excluded. In our case, F-18-FDG PET/CT has been useful in detecting and staging this rare primary pulmonary tumor

    Reliability of intraoperative ultrasound in detecting tumor residual after brain diffuse glioma surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    Intraoperative ultrasonography (iUS) is considered an accurate, safe, and cost-effective tool to estimate the extent of resection of both high-grade (HGG) and low-grade (DLGG) diffuse gliomas (DGs). However, it is currently missing an evidence-based assessment of iUS diagnostic accuracy in DGs surgery. The objective of review is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of iUS in detecting tumor residue after DGs resection. A comprehensive literature search for studies published through October 2018 was performed according to PRISMA-DTA and STARD 2015 guidelines, using the following algorithm: ("ultrasound" OR "ultrasonography" OR "ultra-so*" OR "echo*" OR "eco*") AND ("brain" OR "nervous") AND ("tumor" OR "tumour" OR "lesion" OR "mass" OR "glio*" OR "GBM") AND ("surgery" OR "surgical" OR "microsurg*" OR "neurosurg*"). Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of iUS in DGs were calculated. A subgroup analysis for HGGs and DLGGs was also conducted. Thirteen studies were included in the systematic review (665 DGs). Ten articles (409 DGs) were selected for the meta-analysis with the following results: sensitivity 72.2%, specificity 93.5%, LR- 0.29, LR+ 3, and DOR 9.67. Heterogeneity among studies was non-significant. Subgroup analysis demonstrates a better diagnostic performance of iUS for DLGGs compared with HGGs. iUS is an effective technique in assessing DGs resection. No significant differences are seen regarding iUS modality and transducer characteristics. Its diagnostic performance is higher in DLGGs than HGGs and could be worsened by previous treatments, surgical artifacts, and small tumor residue volumes

    Monadic Intersection Types, Relationally

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    We extend intersection types to a computational.-calculus with algebraic operations a la Plotkin and Power. We achieve this by considering monadic intersections-whereby computational effects appear not only in the operational semantics, but also in the type system. Since in the effectful setting termination is not anymore the only property of interest, we want to analyze the interactive behavior of typed programs with the environment. Indeed, our type system is able to characterize the natural notion of observation, both in the finite and in the infinitary setting, and for a wide class of effects, such as output, cost, pure and probabilistic nondeterminism, and combinations thereof. The main technical tool is a novel combination of syntactic techniques with abstract relational reasoning, which allows us to lift all the required notions, e.g. of typability and logical relation, to the monadic setting

    Properties of a Computational Lambda Calculus for Higher-Order Relational Queries

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    We study the operational semantics of an untyped computational lambda calculus whose normal forms represent queries on databases. The calculus extends the computational core with additional operations and rewriting rules whose effect is to turn the monadic type of computations into a multiset monad that captures tables. Moreover, we introduce comonadic constructs and additional rewriting rules to be able to form tables of tables. Proving confluence becomes tricky: we succeed exploiting decreasing diagrams. In the second part, we study a Curry style type assignment system for the calculus. We introduce an idempotent intersection type system establishing type invariance under conversion
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