1,721,040 research outputs found
Overall Survival Prediction of Glioma Patients With Multiregional Radiomics
Get PDFRadiomics-guided prediction of overall survival (OS) in brain gliomas is seen as a significant problem in Neuro-oncology. The ultimate goal is to develop a robust MRI-based approach (i.e., a radiomics model) that can accurately classify a novel subject as a short-term survivor, a medium-term survivor, or a long-term survivor. The BraTS 2020 challenge provides radiological imaging and clinical data (178 subjects) to develop and validate radiomics-based methods for OS classification in brain gliomas. In this study, we empirically evaluated the efficacy of four multiregional radiomic models, for OS classification, and quantified the robustness of predictions to variations in automatic segmentation of brain tumor volume. More specifically, we evaluated four radiomic models, namely, the Whole Tumor (WT) radiomics model, the 3-subregions radiomics model, the 6-subregions radiomics model, and the 21-subregions radiomics model. The 3-subregions radiomics model is based on a physiological segmentation of whole tumor volume (WT) into three non-overlapping subregions. The 6-subregions and 21-subregions radiomic models are based on an anatomical segmentation of the brain tumor into 6 and 21 anatomical regions, respectively. Moreover, we employed six segmentation schemes – five CNNs and one STAPLE-fusion method – to quantify the robustness of radiomic models. Our experiments revealed that the 3-subregions radiomics model had the best predictive performance (mean AUC = 0.73) but poor robustness (RSD = 1.99) and the 6-subregions and 21-subregions radiomics models were more robust (RSD 1.39) with lower predictive performance (mean AUC 0.71). The poor robustness of the 3-subregions radiomics model was associated with highly variable and inferior segmentation of tumor core and active tumor subregions as quantified by the Hausdorff distance metric (4.4−6.5mm) across six segmentation schemes. Failure analysis revealed that the WT radiomics model, the 6-subregions radiomics model, and the 21-subregions radiomics model failed for the same subjects which is attributed to the common requirement of accurate segmentation of the WT volume. Moreover, short-term survivors were largely misclassified by the radiomic models and had large segmentation errors (average Hausdorff distance of 7.09mm). Lastly, we concluded that while STAPLE-fusion can reduce segmentation errors, it is not a solution to learning accurate and robust radiomic models
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Global Regime of Intellectual Property Rights. An interpretation grounded in their social function. The case of pharmaceutical patents
Get PDF992 p.In an attempt to find conceptual frames to recover the original balance teween propietary aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and their public, social regarding dimensions, i.e., the attainment of certain conception of social justice, in is found that the "social function of property" inherent to traditional property rights is a helpful tool for that purpose. The analysis of property and the social function of property permit ot better understand the condition of IPRs and patents as a specially pronounced contingent, historiacal and social product aimed at the achievement of certainsocial goals. This is even more true for the case of pharmaceutical patents. In is not intended to question patents as a valid system to provide incentives for innovation, nether is it explored the possiblitiy of resorting to other systems for innovation based on public prizes or in general public intervention (in any case, any incentive seem to be necessary to attract and provoke the large investments required in the pharmaceutical business). It is highlighted its instrumental nature, the iuris tantum (versus iuris et de iure) legal presumption in which those patent rights are grounded and justified in order to verify taht IPRs fulfill their inherent social functions. This will enable us to claim for an alternative interpretation and implementation of law adjusted to the social needs and goals wich justify and explain their proper existence and enforceability
The Global Regime of Intellectual Property Rights. An interpretation grounded in their social function. The case of pharmaceutical patents
Get PDF992 p.In an attempt to find conceptual frames to recover the original balance teween propietary aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) and their public, social regarding dimensions, i.e., the attainment of certain conception of social justice, in is found that the "social function of property" inherent to traditional property rights is a helpful tool for that purpose. The analysis of property and the social function of property permit ot better understand the condition of IPRs and patents as a specially pronounced contingent, historiacal and social product aimed at the achievement of certainsocial goals. This is even more true for the case of pharmaceutical patents. In is not intended to question patents as a valid system to provide incentives for innovation, nether is it explored the possiblitiy of resorting to other systems for innovation based on public prizes or in general public intervention (in any case, any incentive seem to be necessary to attract and provoke the large investments required in the pharmaceutical business). It is highlighted its instrumental nature, the iuris tantum (versus iuris et de iure) legal presumption in which those patent rights are grounded and justified in order to verify taht IPRs fulfill their inherent social functions. This will enable us to claim for an alternative interpretation and implementation of law adjusted to the social needs and goals wich justify and explain their proper existence and enforceability
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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