27 research outputs found
Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Polymeric Rooftile Added with Sisal Fibers as Fillers
Get PDFAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat genteng polimer menggunakan pengisi serat sisal, pasir dan perekat limbah botol plastik polyethylene terephtalate (PET) dan aspal. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik sifat fisis dan sifat mekanis genteng polimer dengan melihat pengaruh penggunaan jumlah pengisi yaitu pasir dan serat sisal. Perbandingan massa bahan yang digunakan adalah 10% aspal: 55% PET untuk variabel tetap, sedangkan variabel bebas untuk perbandingan persentase pasir dan serat sisal yaitu GP1 (0:87,5), GP2 (21,87:65,63), GP3 (43,75:43,75), GP4 (65,63:21,87), GP5 (0:87,5). Proses pembuatan dan pencetakan genteng menggunakan metode hotpress dengan tekanan 60 bar. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi sifat fisis yaitu kerapatan, dan daya serap air menggunakan standar ASTM C830-00, sedangkan sifat mekanis meliputi uji kuat lentur dan uji kuat tarik dengan menggunakan standar ASTM D-790. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa genteng dengan penggunaan 100% pasir menghasilkan genteng yang mudah rapuh atau getas, hal ini dikarenakan pasir memiliki ukuran butir yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pengisi 100% serat sisal, namun apabila penggunaan serat sisal digabungkan dengan penggunaan pasir dengan persentase komposisi 21,87% pasir : 65,63% serat sisal maka akan menghasilkan genteng polimer yang lebih baik lagi dibandingkan genteng dengan penggunaan 100% serat sisal atau pasir. Hasil pengujian dapat disimpulkan bahwa genteng polimer yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi standar SNI baik uji fisis maupun uji mekanis kecuali pada uji tarik.Abstract.This study aimed to prepare polymer rooftile using residual fiber fillers, sand and adhesives of polyethylene terephtalate (PET) plastic bottle waste and asphalt. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of physical properties and mechanical properties of polymeric tiles by looking at the influence of the use of the amount of filler, namely sand and sisal fibers. The mass ratio of the materials used was 10% asphalt: 55% PET for fixed variables, while the free variables for the ratio of percentage of sand and sisal fiber were GP1 (0:87,5), GP2 (21,87:65,63), GP3 (43,75:43,75), GP4 (65,63:21,87), GP5 (0:87,5). The process of making and printing tiles used the hot-press method with a pressure of 60 bar. The characterizations carried out include physical properties, density, and water absorption using the ASTM C830-00 standard, while mechanical properties include bending strength tests and tensile strength tests using the ASTM D-790 standard. The test results showed that rooftile with the use of 100% sand produce tiles that are easily fragile or brittle, this was because sand has a larger grain size compared to the use of filler 100% sisal fiber, but if the use of sisal fiber was combined with the use of sand with a percentage composition of 21.87% sand: 65.63% sisal fiber it would produce even better polymer rooftile than rooftile with the use of 100% sisal fiber or sand. The test results ccould be concluded that the polymeric tiles prepared herein have met the ASTM standards, both in terms of the physical and mechanical properties, except the tensile property
Performance Control of Semiconductor Optical Amplifier and Fiber Raman Amplifier in Communication System
No full textBiokomposit Papan Partikel diperkuat Serat Alam Sabut Kelapa dan Tempurung Kelapa dan matriks epoksi
Get PDFNatural fiber particle board (biocomposite) can be used as an alternative to conventional materials because it is environmentally friendly, a renewable source and is naturally biodegradable. This research presents a study on the mechanical and physical characterization of natural fiber reinforced polymer particle board, namely coconut coir and coconut shell. The fixed variable in this study was the number of matrix fractions, namely epoch resin. The variable mass fraction of the particle board in this study was coconut coir:coconut shell:epoxy was PP1 (30:0:70), PP2 (22,5:7,5:70), PP3 (15:15:70), PP4 (7,5:22,5:70), and PP5 (0:30:70). Particle board was tested for flexibility using the Universal Testing Machine referring to ASTM D 7-90-03, the impact toughness of the samples using the Impact Tester machine referring to ASTM D 6110. The samples were tested for density and thickness expansion referring to SNI 03-2105-2006. The results of the sample testing showed that the optimum density value for the PP3 sample was 1.05 g/cm3 for the reinforced coconut coir and coconut shell samples. The test results for the optimum impact toughness test value on the PP5 sample were 3.20 J/cm2 and the test results for the optimum flexural strength test value on the PP5 sample were 382.29 Kgf/cm2 with the coconut shell reinforced sample
Enhanced performance of solid polymer electrolyte separator lithium battery with cellulose acetate from empty palm fruit bunch coated Al2O3-Polyacrylic acid
Get PDFAs lithium battery technology improves, it becomes more important to have solid polymer electrolyte dividers that work better. The objective of this study is to enhance the efficiency of solid polymer electrolyte separators in lithium batteries. This research aims to expand the limits of innovation in hybrid separator development by utilizing empty palm fruit bunches (OPFEB) as a plentiful source of cellulose acetate. This approach enhances ion transfer by increasing the number of pores in the separator. However, there are challenges to achieving the desired levels of optimal ionic conductivity. In order to address these constraints, this study presents a novel Al2O3-PAA inert ceramic oxide coating treatment that is applied to the separator by a spin coating technique. An electron microscope was utilized to observe the pore structure of the separator. Additionally, the separator underwent physical, mechanical, thermal, and cyclic voltammetry tests. The findings of this research indicate a significant increase in the physical properties, particularly the porosity and mechanical strength. The thermal shrinkage of the Al2O3-PAA coated separator is below 10% when exposed to a temperature of 140 oC for 30 minutes. The Cyclic Voltammetry test results demonstrate a pronounced loop curve, indicating an improvement in the ionic conductivity of the Al2O3-PAA coated separator. The findings of this study provide a method to enhance the efficiency of separator performance at high temperatures while maintaining safety and long battery life
Peningkatan Kinerja Bio-Baterai Nanas Dengan Penambahan Pasta Aki Bekas dan Natrium Benzoat
Get PDFTelah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh variasi penambahan aki dan natrium benzoat dari elektrolit kulit nanas terhadap peningkatan kinerja biobaterai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi penambahan aki dan natrium benzoat dalam meningkatkan kinerja biobaterai dari kulit nanas sebagai elektrolit. Variasi campuran yang diukur yaitu elektrolit kulit nanas murni, elektrolit kulit nanas murni ditambah aki dan leektrolit kulit nanas murni ditambah aki ditambah natrium benzoat dengan pasangan elektroda yang digunakan yaitu Cu-Zn dan Al-Zn serta waktu penurunan pada elektrolit membuktikan tingkat maksimum kinerja dari biobaterai. Pengukuran karakteristik elektrik menggunakan lampu LED. Tegangan maksimum dihasilkan oleh variasi elektrolit kulit nanas murni dengan penambahan aki dan natrium benzoat dengan tegangan maksimum yaitu 8,5 V dan arus maksimum 9.50 mA serta daya maksimumnya 96,2 mW serta penurunan nilai tegangan dan arus selama 7 hari menghasilkan tegangan minimum 3,6 V dan arus minium 1,40 mA serta daya minimum sebesar 50,4 mW. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penambahan aki dan natrium benzoate mampu meningkatkan kinerja biobaterai dari kulit nanas dan jumlah hari mempengaruhi kinerja dari biobaterai
PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI CARBON BLACK TINTA SERBUK
Get PDFKarbon aktif tempurung kelapa berpotensi sebagai biomassa untuk bahan baku carbon black tinta bubuk karena ketersediannya yang berlimpah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan tinta serbuk (toner) yang berkualitas baik untuk pengaplikasian printer laser. Proses fabrikasi tinta serbuk terdiri atas tahap pencampuran dengan bubuk besi, polimerisasi dan tahap pengaplikasian. Tahap pencampuran dengan fraksi massa arang aktif CBS-1 (60:40), CBS-2 (40:60), CBS-3 (80:20) dengan bubuk besi. Tahap polimerisasi dilakukan dengan pencampuran styrene acrylic dengan serbuk karbon. Pencampuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan hot plate pada suhu 80.5°C kecepatan 300 rpm selama 60 menit. Proses pencucian dengan menggunakan deionisai water dan didiamkan selama 24 jam. Hasil endapan disaring menggunakan kertas saring wattman. Pengeringan dilakukan selama 24 jam agar mendapatkan polimerisasi tinta bubuk yang sempurna. Setelah kering, dilakukan penghalusan tinta serbuk dengan menggunakan mortar. Hasil pengujian kerapatan tinta serbuk didapatkan nilai yang terkecil terdapat pada sampel CBS-4 0,83 gr/cm3 sedangkan yang terbesar terdapat pada sampel CBS-3 0,88 gr/cm3. Hasil pengujian morfologi dengan scanning electron microscopy (SEM) memperlihatkan tinta serbuk yang relatif homogen. Hasil analisis citra didapatkan pada sampel CBS-3 menunjukkan hasil kode warna yang memiliki elemen hitam dan perbandingan tinta serbuk yang paling melekat. Hasil pengujian PSA menunjukkan partikel terkecil 0.115 µm, partikel terbesar 592.387 µm.
 
Effect of Stripline Number on Resonant Frequency of Hexagonal Split Ring Resonator Metamaterial
No full textPiranti-piranti elektronik maupun optoelektronik yang efisien dan responsif saat ini tengah masif dikembangkan dalam beragam bentuk dan jenis. Meta-material merupakan rancangan optoelektronik yang unik dengan sifat elektromagnetik yang tidak ditemukan secara alami, salah satunya adalah peristiwa indeks bias negatif. Eksplorasi terhadap banyak ragam struktur metamaterial sangat penting dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik tiap struktur. Salah satu struktur metamaterial yang menarik dikaji adalah bentuk heksagonal. Penelitian ini menginvestigasi karakteristik frekuensi resonan dan distribusi medan elektromagnetik metamaterial split ring resonator heksagonal (SRR-H) yang dikombinasikan dengan stripe line (SL) berupa logam tembaga. Lebih lanjut, jumlah SL divariasikan dari 0 - 5 unit dan disimulasikan dalam medium udara dalam rentang frekuensi 1 7,5 GHz. Hasil simulasi menunjukan adanya pergeseran frekuensi resonan untuk tiap penambahan SL dalam rentang frekuensi 4,31 5,82 GHz. Sebaran medan listrik cenderung terpusat pada cincin resonator sedangkan medan magnet cenderung terdistribusi pada SL. Desain metamaterial SRR-H dengan 3 SL memberikan respon disipasi energi yang terkecil dengan medan E maksimum 2,59 kVm-1 dan medan H maksimum 8,69 Am-1. Desain SRR-H ini cukup potensial untuk diaplikasikan sebagai antena gelombang elektomagnetik yang efisien dan juga sebagai biosensor.Efficient and responsive electronic and optoelectronic devices are currently being massively developed in various forms and types. Metamaterial is a unique optoelectronic design with electromagnetic properties that are not found naturally, one of its properties is a negative refractive index. Exploration of different types of metamaterial structures is very important to identify the characteristics of each structure. One of the interesting metamaterial structures is a hexagonal shape. This research investigates the resonant frequency characteristics and electromagnetic field distribution of split-ring resonator (SRR-H) hexagonal-shaped metamaterial which is combined with the copper stripe line (SL). Furthermore, the number of SL is varied from 0 to 5 units and simulated in the air medium in frequency range of 1 - 7.5 GHz. The simulation results show a resonant frequency shift occurred for each SL combination in the 4.31 - 5.82 GHz frequency range. The distribution of the electric field tends to be concentrated on the resonator while the magnetic field tends to be distributed on the SL. The SRR-H metamaterial with 3 SL provides the smallest energy dissipation response with a maximum E field of 2.59 kVm-1 and a maximum H field of 8.69 Am-1. The SRR-H design is potential enough to be applied as an efficient electromagnetic wave antenna and also as a biosensor.Keywords: Metamaterials, SRR-H, strip line, resonant frequency, electromagnetic fiel
Increasing the Efficiency Significantly of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells based on ZnO Nanomaterial Photoanode by Doping Titanium
No full text90-95This work was conducted for fabrication of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) based on ZnO nanomaterials as
photoanode and Titanium (Ti) as a dopant material. The aims of this research are to see the effect of adding Ti to ZnO
materials on optical, structural, morphological properties and on the efficiency of DSSC based on ZnO. The novelty of this
work is the tunable properties of ZnO by varying Ti concentration (0.02 M, 0.04 M and 0.06 M). The properties of ZnO
have been analyzed using spectroscopy UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope
(FESEM), and energy dispersive X-ray(EDX). The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the DSSC was recorded from
0.58% to 2.19
A novel approach for automated rhinoceros beetle control in oil palm replanting: pineapple peel-derived pheromone trap
No full textOil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is a crucial plant for Indonesia's economy, serving as a major non-oil foreign exchange earner. A significant pest affecting oil palm cultivation, especially during replanting, is the rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L.). Attractant pheromones, derived from pineapples, contain volatile compounds that attract insects. This research aims to develop an automated rhinoceros beetle trap equipped with an automatic pheromone spray system utilizing natural peel pineapple extract. The analysis includes tests for fluid density, spray distribution, and normality. The fluid density of the sample closely resembles that of water (1 g/cm³). Spray distribution results indicate particle sizes (60-112 μm) larger than airborne aerosols (0.001-50 μm). Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality tests reveal mostly normal data distribution, with minor deviations. Overall, this trap exhibits promise as an effective solution for rhinoceros beetle control in oil palm cultivation
