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A Study on Diagnostic Methodology of Swetha Kuttam in the Context of Ennvagai Thervugal
Get PDFAIM AND OBJECTIVE:
AIM:
Skin is one of the most important organs of the body because it protects the internal organs firm the environmental influences.
From pediatric to geriatric all age group are affected to geriatric all age groups are affected from skin disease
Kuttam is a general term used for the group of various skin diseases.
Kuttam is classified in to 18 types in yugi vaithya sinthamani.
Swetha kuttam is one of the eighteen types of kuttam.
I have selected swetha kuttam for my study.
The aim of my study is to evaluate the significance of siddha parameters in the diagnosis of SWETHA KUTTAM.
OBJIECTIVES:
The aim is to establish the following objectives.
Primary:
1. To study the role of Envagai thervu in the disease of “Swetha Kuttam”
2. To reviw the literature about swetha kuttam.
3. To evaluate the etiology of Swetha kuttam.
4. To study in detail about etiopathogensis of swetha kuttam.
Secondary:
1. To study the effect of Manikkadai in the disease of “Swetha Kuttam”.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Materials:
The clinical study on swetha kuttam was carried in the out patients in post graduate department of Noi naadal at Govt Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.
30 cases with clinical signs and symptoms of Swetha kuttam of both sex of all different ages were studied under the guidance of faculties of post graduate department.
Selection of Patients:
The clinical study was done in cases, out of that 30 cases were selected on the basis of clinical symptoms as indicated in the Siddha text.
SELECTION CRITERIA:
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age between 15 – 65 yrs.
2. Sex – both male and female. \ud
3. Hypo pigmentation in skin and mucous membrane.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Birth mark (Mole).
2. Burns.
3. Leprosy.
4. Associated with other major illness.
METHODOLOGY:
Study Design: Observational type of study.
Study Period:
1. Total period - 1yr.
2. Recruitment for the study - Upto 10 months.
3. Data entry analysis - 1 month.
4. Report preparation and submission - 1 month.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
All collected data will be entered in to computer using MS Access/MS Excel software by the investigators. The level of significance will be 0.05. Descrptive analysis will be made and necessary tables/graphs generated to understand the profile of patients included in the study. Then statistical analysis for significance of different diagnostic charecterictics will be done.Student‘t’ test and chi-square test are proposed to be performed for quantitative and qualitative data.
CONCLUSION:
1. “SWETHA KUTTAM” can be diagnosed via clinical history and clinical symptoms.
2. Ennvagai thervu reveals the deranged humor of the disease, diagnostic and prognostic value of the disease and fate of the disease.
3. In ennvagai thervu niram, neikuri, naadi has more significant in diagnostic and prognostic value of the disease.
4. Manikkadai play a major role in the diagnosis of swetha kuttam.
5. Special investigation such as skin biopsy are helpful in conforming the diagnosis of “Swetha kuttam”.
6. Reduced intake of mantham type of foods with reduce the severity of the disease.
7. The study on “swetha kuttam” may be correlated with vitiligo
A Study on Swetha Kuttam
Get PDFAIM AND OBJECTIVES:
AIM :
About 20 to 30% problems in human being pertain to dermatology, lot of interest has been developed in this field. Hence this study was carried out with an intention to study the “Swethakuttam” in various aspects with modern comparison and to formulate an apt treatment that would be given to the patient through Siddha Medicine.
OBJECTIVES:
This Scientific work on Swethakuttam was carried out to assess:
1. The incidence of this disease with age, gender, occupation, social, status diet, seasonal variation.
2. To collect the review of the disease dealing with definition, etiology, classification, signs and symptoms, prognosis, treatment and diet for Swethakuttam.
3. To correlate the signs and symptoms of Swethakuttam with that of modern science.
4. To expose siddha diagnostic principles.
5. To find out the quality safety and efficacy of the trail drug by doing
- Chemical Analysis
- Acute and sub acute toxicity Studies
- Pharmacological Studies
6. To find out the side effect or adverse reactions if any,
7. To Evaluate the Clinical efficacy of trail drugs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The clinical study of Swatha Kuttam was carried out in post graduate department of Maruthuvam, Govt. Siddha Medical College, attached to Arignar Anna Hospital, Arumbakkam, Chennai – 600 106.
Selection of Cases:
The population consists of all patients with Swatha Kuttam (completely depigmented or hypopigmented patches without any structural change in the skin) satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria mentioned below.
Sample Size:
The trial size will be 40 patients. (Both Male and Female).
Data Collections:
Literary evidence collected from various
• Siddha Literature.
• Books on Modern medicines.
• Medical Journals.
• Internet.
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Age between 10 to 55 years,
2. Willing to give specimen of blood for investigation when required,
3. Willing to attend OPD once in 15 days for 3 months,
4. Hypoopigmental patches,
5. Patient having white or pink coloured patches.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Patients of Jaundice,
2. Hypopigmented patches of leprosy and burns,
3. Connective tissue disorders,
4. Heart ailments are not eligible for this trial,
5. Fungal infection,
6. Worm infestation.
SUMMARY:
Swetha kuttam has been chosen for the dissertation work by the author.
Various literatures dealing with swetha kuttam have been collected from siddha
and modern text books.
40 patients of both sexes, various adult age groups satisfying the inclusion and
exclusion criteria were selected. All necessary investigation was done for them and photographs of the lesions were taken.
A day before starting the trial treatment, patients are given for neutralizing the mukkutram by purgation Agasthiyar kuzhambu 100mg early morning with hot water. All the patients were treated with trial medicines which are,
1. Puvarasampattai kudineer choornam,
2. Nuna thylam.
The result obtained from the studies are summarized below Male 26 (65%), were affected more than female 14 (35%). The cases were noted in the age group ranging from 10-55 yrs.
Middle classes 52.5% and lower 37.5% were more affected than upper classes 10%.
High incidence of swetha kuttam are found in neithal thinai 72.5% and muthuvenil kaalam 47.5%.
On examination of uyir thathukkal the following were deranged in more number of cases.
In vatham : Viyanan 25%, and koorman were affected 12.5%.
In pitham : Prasagam 100%, ranjagam 100%, alosagam 12. 5% were affected.
In kapham : Avalambagam 5%, santhigam 37.5% was affected.
In udal kattugal: Saaram 100%, seneer 100%, and enbu 25% were affected.
In envagai thervu: Naa 12.5%, niram 100%, vizhi 12.5%, malam 12.5% were affected.
Among the 40 patients responding to the trial medicines, 33 patients showed improvement which has been noted as appearance of chormous repigmented spots in affected areas. The rest of 7 patients had slight repigmentation.
Among 3 patients 2 of them had improvement in the colour change of the hair from gray or white to normal colour of the hair.
The chemical studies of the trial drugs possess, Iron, Zinc, Sugar Calcium, Potassium, Chloride.
The drug is also subjected to pharmacological and toxicological tests in rats as models. The results revealed that the drug had very effective results. There were no signs of toxicities that could be judged by the absence of undesirable clinical manifestations.
The bio-statistical report of the clinical trial shows significant result.
CONCLUSION:
Swetha kuttam may occur due to various causes and it leads to mental stress and strain.hence,it is one of the cause of psychosomatic disorder. when the trial drug Puvarasampattai kudineer choornam (int), with Nuna thylum (ext) were administered to the swetha kuttam patients, it showed improvement in varying degrees in all the cases.
• In Swetha Kuttam Pitha Kutram is affected. The affected kuttram is neutralized by thuvarppu suvai. Thereby the trial medicine puvarasampattai kudinner choornam having the thuvarppu suvai acts on Ethirurai to cure the discease.
• In Chemical Analysis the trial medicine contain Iron, it is very essential to induce erythropoiesis.
• From the pharmacological study puvarasampattai kudineer choornam increase the haemoglobin level.
• The puvarasampattai kudineer choornam does not produce any toxicity in preclinically. so it is non-toxic and safe drug for swetha kuttam.
• No adverse effects were noticed during treatment period. The ingredient of puvarasampattai kudineer choornam of plant easily available and harmless
to human being.
From this clinical studies, I conclude that the trial medicines which gives a 60% of improvement within minimum of 45 days to maximum of 90 days of treatment. further continuation of this medications for prolonged period of time may give complete cure in swetha kuttam
Pressure Drives Rapid Burst‐Like Coordinated Cellular Motion from 3D Cancer Aggregates (Adv. Sci. 6/2022)
No full textCoordinated Cell Motion In article number 2104808 by Swetha Raghuraman, Timo Betz, and co-workers, a novel migration phenomenon is presented wherein cancer cells burst out from tumor aggregates as an act of pressure release into the surrounding in-homogeneous soft extra-cellular matrix (ECM) made up of collagen. The pressure within tumor aggregates manifests due to cellular swelling, leading to a super-diffusive coordinated expulsion of cells within 12 hours, directed towards regions providing least mechanical resistanc
Of housing and politics: mapping political opportunities for mobilising in Bangalore
No full textIn March, Swetha Rao Dhananka visited LSE to discuss her doctoral research on social mobilisation in pursuance of housing rights for the poor. She considered the citizens’ rights created by the Indian post-colonial legal and policy framework and examined the strategies of differently-resourced civil society organisations in addressing housing issues. Sonali Campion offers an overview of the presentation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
ADOPTING INNOVATIVE METHOD AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SWETHA PARPATI MENTIONED IN AYURVEDIC LITERATURE
Get PDFIn Ayurveda, the study of the therapeutic uses and effects of drugs means Pharmaco-therapeutic is described under the branch of Rasashastra which mainly incorporates inorganic, herbo-mineral and metallic pharmaceutical preparations namely Khalviya Rasayana, Parpati Rasayana, Pottali Rasayana and Kupipakwa Rasayana. This article aims for the comparative assessment of Swethaparpati coming under Parpatikalpa mentioned as per reference of Sidhayogasangraha, AFI with another reference of Rasodharatantra. According to the first two references the ingredients used for the preparation are Suryakshara, Sphatika and Navasadara and as per the third reference ingredients like Tankana and Karpura are added. Here a detailed review of literature has been collected regarding the potential of the above mentioned individual ingredients along with the recent research updates regarding individual ingredients used in the production of Swetha Parpati according to both the references it also incorporate research updates on the formulation Swetha Parpati. This article also aims pharmaceutical standardization of standard method adopted in process of production of Swethaparpati with the alteration made from the usual method adopted in preparation of Parpati Kalpana that will help for developing new improved SOP regarding the formulation. This paper also aims in projecting the improved therapeutic value which could be generated by addition of new ingredients mentioned as per reference of Rasodharatantra
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