114 research outputs found
El Tlacuache Núm. 432 (2010). 432 Año 10 (2010) septiembre. El Tlacuache
No full textEl almacenamiento en Xochicalco por Claudia Alvarado León, Silvia Garza Tarazona. -Un método para la clasificación cerámica por Ivone Estela Giles Flores. -La Virgen de la Soledad por Enrique Hurtado Ortiz
Perencanaan unit pengemasan dan penggudangan bubuk cokelat 3 in 1 dengan kapasitas 2 ton/hari
No full textBubuk cokelat 3 in 1 merupakan campuran dari bubuk cokelat,
susu bubuk, gula halus serta creamer yang mengalami proses
pencampuran. Bubuk cokelat 3 in 1 dapat mengalami penurunan mutu
sehingga perlu dilakukan pengemasan. Unit pengemasan dan
penggudangan bertujuan untuk menangani produk yang telah diproduksi
melalui suatu pengemasan agar kualitas produk dapat terjaga serta
menyediakan kondisi penyimpanan gudang yang sesuai untuk produk
hingga produk siap didistribusikan.
Unit pengemasan dan penggudangan merupakan bagian dari
pabrik pengolahan bubuk cokelat 3 in 1 yang berlokasi di Jl Raya Balen,
Desa Balen, Kecamatan Balen, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Unit pengemasan
dan penggudangan akan dirancang untuk menangani bubuk cokelat 3 in 1
dengan kapasitas 2 ton/hari dengan waktu operasi 8 jam/hari. Pemilihan
kemasan yang digunakan adalah kemasan laminasi berupa sachet, kardus
dan karton bergelombang yang didasari oleh tingkat keekonomisan,
kepraktisan dalam penyeduhan dan penyimpanan, ketahanan selama
penyimpanan serta mempermudah proses distribusi dan pengangkutan.
Unit pengemasan dan penggudangan dikepalai oleh seorang Kepala unit
yang membawahi mandor unit pengemasan, mandor unit penggudangan
serta 14 orang karyawan unit pengemasan dan 7 orang karyawan unit
penggudangan.
Perencanaan unit pengemasan dan penggudangan bubuk cokelat 3
in 1 dapat dikatakan layak secara teknis karena sumber daya manusia,
sarana dan prasarana yang digunakan memadai. Secara ekonomis, unit
pengemasan dan penggudangan ini juga dapat dikatakan layak karena
biaya pengemasan per kemasan produk sebesar Rp 118,08 dengan
persentase biaya pengemasan 7,87 % dari harga produk
Pengaruh proporsi sukrosa-isomalt terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan organoleptik permen jelly anggur bali (alphonso lavalle)
No full textPermen jelly memiliki penampilan jernih serta mempunyai tekstur
dengan kekenyalan tertentu dengan beragam warna dan rasa yang manis.
Pewarna yang digunakan umumnya adalah pewarna sintesis, namun
adanya dampak negatif pewarna sintesis menyebabkan penggunaannya
dibatasi dan penggunaan pewarna alami banyak dikembangkan. Pewarna
alami yang dapat digunakan adalah antosianin yang terdapat dalam
anggur Bali. Isomalt dapat digunakan sebagai pemanis alternatif dalam
permen jelly karena dapat membentuk body dan memiliki rasa manis
tanpa after-taste, nilai kalori 50% lebih rendah. Isomalt lebih stabil pada
suhu tinggi dan lebih tahan terhadap asam dan hidrolisis oleh enzim
dibandingkan sukrosa, namun dengan kelarutan lebih rendah. Adanya
perbedaan sifat sukrosa dan isomalt dapat menyebabkan perubahan
karakteristik fisikokimia dan organoleptik permen jelly yang dihasilkan
sehingga perlu diteliti proporsi sukrosa-isomalt yang tepat.
Bahan-bahan yang digunakan meliputi sukrosa, isomalt, sirup
glukosa, gelatin, buffer sitrat, ekstrak anggur Bali dan air. Rancangan
penelitian yang digunakan adalah RAK dengan faktor tunggal.
Konsentrasi isomalt yang digunakan adalah 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%,
25% dengan empat kali pengulangan untuk setiap perlakuan. Parameter
yang diuji meliputi sifat fisikokimia yaitu kadar air, tekstur (kekokohan
dan daya regang) dan sifat organoleptik (warna, rasa, dan tekstur).
Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik, perbedaan proporsi sukrosa dan
isomalt berpengaruh nyata (α = 5%) terhadap kadar air, kekokohan, daya
regang, kesukaan panelis terhadap rasa dan tekstur, namun tidak
berpengaruh nyata pada kesukaan panelis terhadap warna. Proporsi
isomalt yang semakin besar menghasilkan permen jelly dengan kadar air
dan kekokohan yang semakin meningkat, serta daya regang yang semakin
menurun. Perlakuan proporsi isomalt 20% memberikan hasil terbaik
berdasarkan uji pembobotan dengan kadar air 19,18%, kekokohan 14,62
N/10 mm, daya regang 119,14 mm, nilai kesukaan terhadap warna
sebesar 3,59, rasa sebesar 3,71, tekstur sebesar 3,60
Proses pengolahan permen cokelat dan bubuk cokelat di Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia (PPKKI)Jember-Jawa Timur
No full textPPKKI adalah lembaga non profit yang memperoleh mandat untuk melakukan penelitian dan pengembangan komoditas kopi dan kakao secara nasional dan sebagai penyedia data dan informasi yang berhubungan dengan kopi dan kakao. PPKKI melakukan pengolahan kakao menjadi produk-produk seperti permen cokelat dan bubuk cokelat. Bahan baku biji kakao diperoleh dari kebun PPKKI maupun dari perkebunan swasta di Jawa Timur. Bahan pembantu yang digunakan antara lain lemak kakao, gula halus fine sugar, susu bubuk full cream, lesitin dan soda kue.
Tahapan pengolahan kakao dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu pengolahan hulu kakao dan pengolahan hilir kakao. Pengolahan hulu kakao yang dilakukan adalah pemanenan buah kakao, sortasi buah, pengupasan buah, pemerasan pulpa, fermentasi, pengeringan, sortasi biji kakao. Tahapan
pengolahan hilir kakao untuk menghasilkan bubuk cokelat adalah penyangraian biji kakao, pemisahan kulit sehingga diperoleh nib, pemastaan, pengempaan sehingga dihasilkan bungkil/cake yang digunakan dalam pembuatan bubuk cokelat, sedangkan untuk menghasilkan permen cokelat, pasta cokelat dilakukan proses pencampuran, penghalusan (refining), penggilasan (conching), tempering, pencetakan, pendinginan.
Sanitasi yang dilakukan PPKKI meliputi sanitasi bahan baku dan bahan pembantu, sanitasi pekerja, sanitasi mesin dan peralatan dan sanitasi lingungan kerja. Pengawasan mutu yang dilakukan PPKKI meliputi pengawasan mutu bahan baku dan bahan pembantu, pengawasan mutu selama proses produksi dan pengawasan mutu produk akhir. Limbah yang dihasilkan PPKKI berupa limbah padat dan limbah cair. Limbah padat diolah menjadi pupuk kompos sedangkan limbah cair dapat
langsung dibuang karena tidak mengandung senyawa kimia berbahaya sehingga aman bagi lingkungan
Note sulla disciplina militare romana: l'evasione dei soldati
No full textIl saggio mira ad approfondire la disciplina del reato di evasione compituo dal
militare e le specificità che gli erano proprie, in ragione della peculiare natura dell’autore e delle
modalità concretamente assunte dalla condotta. La disciplina delineatasi in argomento attraverso il
significativo contributo della giurisprudenza del III sec. d.C. palesa il tentativo di garantire che non
manchi rigore tra i coscritti, senza avallare l’arbitrio dei superiori. L’intento di equilibrare esigenze
contrapposte appare coerente con l’obiettivo di preservare il buon funzionamento dell’esercito,
divenuto nel frattempo insostituibile strumento di romanizzazione.The essay aims to analyze the regulation pertaining the crime of jailbreak and the
peculiarities deriving from the quality of the author and the distinguishing features of conduct. The
regulation of the topic, affected by the substantial contribution of the jurisprudence in III century
A.D., shows an attempt to guarantee strictness among soldiers, without endorsing arbitrary acts
from superiors. The wish to balance opposite needs appears to be congruent with the purpose of
safeguarding the proper functionability of the army, operating as a unique instrument of
Romanization.El ensayo tiene como objetivo profundizar la disciplina del crimen de evasión
formado por los militares y las especificidades que le son propias, debido a la naturaleza peculiar
del autor y las modalidades realmente asumidas por la conducta. La disciplina delineatasi en el
tema a través del aporte significativo de la jurisprudencia del III sec. DC revela el intento de
garantizar que los reclutas no carezcan de rigor, sin respaldar la voluntad de los superiores. El
objetivo de equilibrar las necesidades opuestas parece ser coherente con el objetivo de preservar
el buen funcionamiento del ejército, que mientras tanto se ha convertido en un instrumento
insustituible de romanización
Humanidades digitais: o Léxico de Homero e Heródoto no TLG
No full textEl objeto de nuestro trabajo es analizar el lexicón de autor digital a partir del estudio de A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect de Richard J. Cunliffe y Lexicon to Herodotus de J. Enoch Powell alojados en el TLG. Con este objetivo, nos proponemos, por un lado, presentar una revisión no exhaustiva de los diccionarios de Homero y Heródoto tanto en su publicación impresa como en su versión digital. Mediante esta indagación, observaremos que los diccionarios digitales en el TLG no solo ofrecen el contenido publicado en papel, sino que amplían los datos del material fuente. Por otro lado, consideraremos cuáles son las ventajas, los problemas y los desafíos de la digitalización de los diccionarios de autor en el ámbito de la investigación en humanidades. Aquí explicaremos las nuevas posibilidades que estos materiales crean, junto con las dificultades de la digitalización lexicográfica y la situación futura de los contenidos en el TLG. Nuestra hipótesis es que los diccionarios de autor digitales son una nueva fuente de datos que fusionan la tradición lexicográfica con las capacidades tecnológicas modernas para proporcionar acceso y análisis avanzados de la obra de un autor clásico.The aim of our work is to analyze the digital author lexicon based on the study of A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect by Richard J. Cunliffe and Lexicon to Herodotus by J. Enoch Powell housed in the TLG. With this aim, we propose, on the one hand, to present a non-exhaustive review of the dictionaries of Homer and Herodotus, both in their printed publication and in their digital version. Through this investigation, we will observe that the digital dictionaries in the TLG not only offer the content published in paper, but also expand the data of the source material. On the other hand, we will consider what are the advantages, problems and challenges of the digitization of author’s dictionaries in the field of humanities research. Here we will explain the new possibilities that these materials create, together with the difficulties of lexicographic digitization and the future situation of the contents in the TLG. We hypothesize that digital author’s dictionaries are a new source of data that merge lexicographic tradition with modern technological capabilities to provide advanced access and analysis of a classical author’s work.O objetivo do nosso trabalho é analisar o léxico do autor digital com base no estudo de A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect de Richard J. Cunliffe e Lexicon to Herodotus de J. Enoch Powell alojados no TLG. Com este objetivo propomos, por um lado, apresentar uma revisão não exaustiva dos dicionários de Homero e Heródoto, tanto na sua publicação impressa como na sua versão digital. Através desta investigação, observaremos que os dicionários digitais do TLG não apenas oferecem o conteúdo publicado em papel, mas também ampliam os dados do material de origem. Por outro lado, consideraremos quais são as vantagens, problemas e desafios da digitalização de dicionários de autores no campo da investigação em humanidades. Aqui explicaremos as novas possibilidades que estes materiais criam, juntamente com as dificuldades da digitalização lexicográfica e a situação futura dos conteúdos no TLG. Nossa hipótese é que os dicionários digitais de autoria são uma nova fonte de dados que mesclam a tradição lexicográfica com capacidades tecnológicas modernas para fornecer acesso e análise avançados da obra de um autor clássico.Fil: Druille, Paola Ivone. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Confluencia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa; Argentin
Theatrical forms and revolution in Brazil: reading Café, by Mário de Andrade
No full textEsta tese tem por objeto Café, o projeto operístico (de \"teatro cantado\") de Mário de Andrade, redigido entre as décadas de 1930 e 1940 - tempo de modernização capitalista no Brasil e tomada de posição política pelos artistas. Como forma excêntrica, quando comparado aos projetos teatrais que se realizaram no país até então, a obra composta sobretudo por coros articula, a partir do procedimento da montagem, elementos do teatro político europeu (a que o autor tinha acesso pelas publicações estrangeiras) e da cultura pré-burguesa, especificamente as \"danças dramáticas do Brasil\" (termo cunhado pelo autor quando estudou as peças folclóricas por ele recolhidas em suas viagens ao Norte e ao Nordeste brasileiros ao final da década de 1920). Trata-se de uma refuncionalização dos materiais em direção à epicização politizante da cena. Tendo como ponto de partida a crise capitalista de 1929, no terceiro e último ato do conjunto, realiza-se no palco uma revolução em oposição aos rumos tomados pela história nacional. A politização do palco, contudo, não decorre da acumulação do teatro político europeu, mas da aproximação e da observação atenta da matéria brasileira, adensada a cada momento no interior da obra do próprio autor. No conjunto, a obra de Mário de Andrade pode ser lida como um percurso em que, partindo das aspirações da construção nacional, se chega aos momentos mais destrutivos da última fase, em que termos como progresso e nação dão lugar a uma perspectiva revolucionária. Se as últimas obras do autor não podem ser lidas de forma homogênea, é esta, ao menos, a perspectiva política de CaféThis thesis focuses on Café, the operatic project (\"sung theater\") by Mário de Andrade, written between the 1930s and 1940s - a time of capitalist modernization in Brazil and the political stance taken by artists. As an eccentric form, when compared to the theater projects that had been carried out in the country until then, the work composed mainly of choirs articulates, based on a didactic montage, elements of European political theater (to which the author had access through foreign publications) and pre-bourgeois culture, specifically the \"dramatic dances of Brazil\" (a term coined by the author when he studied the folkloric pieces he collected during his travels to the North and Northeast of Brazil at the end of the 1920s). This is a refunctionalization of the materials towards the politicizing epicization of the scene. Taking the capitalist crisis of 1929 as its starting point, in the third and final act of the play, a revolution takes place on stage in opposition to the direction taken by national history. The politicization of the stage, however, does not result from the accumulation of European political theater, but from the approximation and close observation of Brazilian material, which is increasingly condensed within the author\'s own work. As a whole, Mário de Andrade\'s work can be read as a journey that, starting from the aspirations of national construction, reaches the most destructive moments of the last phase, in which terms such as progress and nation give way to a revolutionary perspective. If the author\'s last works cannot be read in a homogeneous way, this is at least the political perspective of Caf
La théologie au Brésil et le mouvement altermondialiste
No full textCet article présente de façon critique quelques réflexions sur le mouvement altermondialiste et la théologie au Brésil. Débutant par un bref rappel historique sur le changement du rôle des religions et des théologies, l’auteur présente les théologies comme des pouvoirs qui veulent influencer les comportements des citoyens et des citoyennes. Néanmoins, ces pouvoirs sont plus complexes que du temps des utopies libertaires des années 1960-1990, notamment parce que des intérêts politiques, économiques et idéologiques se dissimulent souvent sous le voile de la religion. La théologie féministe est aussi présentée comme un pouvoir souhaitant changer les rapports inégaux qui caractérisent les institutions culturelles, ainsi que les représentations religieuses qui privilégient un christianisme à l’aspect masculin. L’article rappelle enfin combien les nouvelles thématiques de la théologie au Brésil sont marquées par les problèmes actuels des sciences sociales et de l’écologie, au risque d’oublier à nouveau la situation des femmes, souvent considérées comme des « sujets » subordonnés à d’autres.This article presents in a critical way some reflections about the altermondialism movement and theology in Brazil. Starting with a brief historical review concerning some shifts in religions’ and theologies’ roles, the author presents theologies as powers trying to influence citizens’ behavior. Nevertheless, those powers are more complex than they were in the age of libertarian utopias in the 1960s-1990s, especially because some political, economical, and ideological interests are draped in a religious veil. Feminist theology is also presented as a power trying to change the unfair treatments that characterize cultural institutions, as well as religious representations that favor a male-shaped Christianity. The paper then reminds the reader how new theological questions in Brazil are characterized by current problems in social sciences and ecology, which runs the risk of forgetting again the situation of women, often considered as «subjects» subordinated to others
Rational identification of a colorectal cancer targeting peptide through phage display
No full textColorectal cancer is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage due to the absence of early clinical indicators. Hence, the identification of new targeting molecules is crucial for an early detection and development of targeted therapies. This study aimed to identify and characterize novel peptides specific for the colorectal cancer cell line RKO using a phage-displayed peptide library. After four rounds of selection plus a negative step with normal colorectal cells, CCD-841-CoN, there was an obvious phage enrichment that specifically bound to RKO cells. Cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to assess the most specific peptides leading to the selection of the peptide sequence CPKSNNGVC. Through fluorescence microscopy and cytometry, the synthetic peptide RKOpep was shown to specifically bind to RKO cells, as well as to other human colorectal cancer cells including Caco-2, HCT 116 and HCT-15, but not to the normal non-cancer cells. Moreover, it was shown that RKOpep specifically targeted human colorectal cancer cell tissues. A bioinformatics analysis suggested that the RKOpep targets the monocarboxylate transporter 1, which has been implicated in colorectal cancer progression and prognosis, proven through gene knockdown approaches and shown by immunocytochemistry co-localization studies. The peptide herein identified can be a potential candidate for targeted therapies for colorectal cancer.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte and the Project FCOMP-01–0124-FEDER-021053 (PTDC/SAU-BMA/121028/2010). Débora Ferreira is recipient of a fellowship supported by a doctoral advanced training (call NORTE-69-2015-15) funded by the European Social Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Franklin L. Nobrega, Sara Granja and Ligia R Rodrigues acknowledge FCT for the grants SFRH/BD/86462/2012, SFRH/BPD/117858/2016 and SFRH/BSAB/142991/2018, respectively. Catarina Barbosa-Matos also acknowledge her research grant UMINHO/BI/395/2018info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Christian Theologies of Suffering across the Centuries: An Examination of Suffering and Grief in the works of Gregory the Great, Julian of Norwich, Jeremy Taylor, C.S. Lewis and Ivone Gebara
No full textThis dissertation explores theologies of suffering through engagement with five theologians from across fifteen centuries of the Christian tradition: Gregory the Great, Julian of Norwich, Jeremy Taylor, C.S. Lewis and Ivone Gebara. It uses a typological method to examine the types of responses that are advocated by each theologian, and the relation of their responses to five theological touchstones: Humanity, Sin and Evil; God’s Providence; Salvation; Christ; and Eternal Life. The Introductory Chapter provides an exploration of the definitions and etymologies of suffering and grief; a description of the typological method; an examination of notable relevant literature; and an introduction to the five thinkers. Chapter One is an examination of the life and writings of the 6th century pope Gregory the Great, with particular focus on The Book of the Pastoral Rule and Moralia. Gregory understands suffering to be a discipline sent by God to the faithful. Chapter Two is an examination of the life and Revelations text of the 13th century English mystic Julian of Norwich, who focuses on the reward God desires to give those who suffer. Chapter Three is an examination of the life and writings of 17th century Anglican bishop Jeremy Taylor, with particular focus on Holy Living and Holy Dying. Taylor places an emphasis on the lifelong practice of faithfulness in preparation for death. Chapter Four is an examination of the life and writings of 20th century Anglican theologian and author C. S. Lewis, with particular attention to The Problem of Pain, The Chronicles of Narnia, A Grief Observed, and Letters to Malcom. Lewis offers the example of one who is willing to engage with the depth of his grief and to question God on his road to acceptance. Chapter Five is an examination of the life and writings of contemporary Brazilian, feminist and liberation theologian Ivone Gebara, with particular focus on her book Out of the Depths and her engagement with Latin American author Isabel Allende. Gebara questions traditional understandings of suffering, as well as when suffering is to be accepted and when suffering is unjust and should be combated. The Concluding Chapter constructs a contemporary theology of suffering drawing on the insights and wrestling with the challenges raised by the varying perspectives of the five theologians. The goal is to provide a hopeful and nuanced way of thinking theologically about suffering for contemporary Christians. The contemporary theology affirms the importance of the call, found in Gebara, to combat unjust suffering through acts of love and mercy, while also affirming that acceptance of the reality of endemic suffering, found in all five theologians, can provide one with opportunities to grow spiritually, live more faithfully and to experience the blessings in the midst of suffering that are a foretaste of heavenly bliss
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