1,580 research outputs found
Group Structure and Physical Characteristics of Simakobu Monkeys (Simias concolor) on the Mentawai Island of Siberut, Indonesia
No full textWe present data on group structure and physical characteristics from free-ranging Simias concolor. Mean group size (n = 3) was 8.7 +/- 1.1 individuals with an average adult male: female sex ratio of 1:3. All individuals were sexed and allocated into three categories (infants, juveniles plus subadults and adults) on the basis of their physical development. Within age categories, head-body lengths ranged from 19.6 to 25, 34 to 44 and 42 to 53 cm. Corresponding body weights ranged from 0.5 to 0.9, 2.35 to 4.4 and 5.2 to 7.85 kg, respectively; on average adult males were 13% larger and 23% heavier than adult females. Results indicate that for S. concolor living in undisturbed habitat (i) group sizes are larger than previously reported and (ii) polygyny is the most likely mating system. Both results support an earlier proposal that group size and social organization in Simakobu monkey are related to the degree of habitat disturbance. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, BaselBogor Agricultural University (IBP
Economic Reforms in Indonesia after the 1997/98 Economic Crisis
Get PDFThis paper reviews the experience of undertaking reforms in Indonesia after the economic crisis 1997/98, focusing on the reforms made under the last two presidents : Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. The review leads the paper to draw some lessons from the experience. Among other, the role of IMF in disciplining the policy direction, and hence the reforms, is quite evident. This is in the light of dramatic change in the political economy of decision-making process after the crisis, where the power was shifted from the president to the government. The paper also finds that one important constraint for delivering a successful reform is nationalistic ideology which strongly opposes the mechanism for moving towards more efficient market. Meanwhile, in practical terms, the change in political architecture seems to have contributed to the coordination problems across the governmental agencies and ministries, which leads to slow progress in the policy implementation.Indonesia, Organisation of government, IMF
Tree diversity and forest structure in northern Siberut, Mentawai islands, Indonesia
No full textWe assessed tree diversity, species composition and forest structure of 3.4 km(2) of primary rainforest in an important conservation area in North Siberut, Indonesia. We used floristic data from 34 20 m x 20 m plots for trees >= 20 cm diameter at breast height (dbh), 34 10 m x 10 m plots for poles (10-19 cm dbh) and 34 5 x 5 m plots for saplings (= 15, reflecting the high eveness and low dominance of dipterocarps in the tree community. Among trees >= 20 cm dbh, >50% were within the 20-39 cm dbh class and 73% of trees formed a canopy between 6 and 20 m in height, whereas emergent dipterocarps reached heights above 55 m (Dipterocarpus sp.) and diameters above 230 cm (Shorea pauciflora). The mixed composition of this forest emphasizes its significance for the biodiversity of the region
Analisis cadangan karbon pohon pada lanskap hutan kota di DKI Jakarta
No full textIn order to reduce enviromental problem, such as air polutions and increasing of air temperature in DKI Jakarta caused the presence of urban forest is very neccessary. Tree has an inportant role becouse its function as store carbon and most efficient carbon sinks in urban areas. Urban forest in DKI Jakarta has problems in development, beside technical aspects are also affected by the goverment policy. The objectives of research were (1) to analyze tree carbon stock, CO2 sequestration and tree species that have potential of carbon, and (2) to analyze policies that support the development of urban forest. The study was conducted at DKI Jakarta, which was focused on tree urban forests, i.e. University Indonesia (Jakarta Selatan), Srengseng (Jakarta Barat) and PT JIEP (Jakarta Timur). The research location was determined by using purposive sampling method, which is based on the representation of the main functions of the urban forest landscape services. Data was collected through survey method. The selection of respondents was conducted by purposive sampling. Sampling plots determination was done by purposive sampling method. Square plot with a size of 20 m x 20 m is used in this research. Determination of tree biomass is done by non-destructive sampling method and tree carbon stocks by using biomass content formula. CO2 uptake values was determined by using the comparative of relative molecular mass CO2 : 3.67 x carbon stocks. Wood density obtained from the database of wood density of trees world agroforestry. Carbon stock analysis was calculated by using allometric equation and urban policy analysis was executed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The largest tree carbon stocks were found on UI urban forest was 178.82 ton/ha, Srengseng was 24.04 ton/ha and PT JIEP was 23.64 ton/ha. The largest CO2 uptake generated from UI urban forest was 634.40 ton/ha, Srengseng was 88.15 ton/ha and PT JIEP was 86.76 ton/ha. Factors that affecting the enhancement of carbon stocks, i.e. stem diameter, tree density and the age of the trees. CO2 uptake value resulting from the biggest urban forest UI was 634.40 ton/ha, followed by Srengseng 88.15 ton/ha and PT JIEP 86.76 ton/ha. This information illustrates that in addition for conservation of biodiversity, water uptake and aesthetics landscape, urban forest also has the potential in reducing CO2. Tree of fabaceae family, i.e. Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn.Ex.Benth, Acacia mangium Willd, Paraserianthes falcataria L, Leucaena leucocephala L, Bauhinia purpurea L, Delonix regia Boj Ex.Hook, Pterocarpus indicus Willd, Erythrina crista-galli L and Abrus precarorius are found that they have biggest contribution for tree carbon stocks in study sites. Policy priorities the supporting the development of urban forest in level factor are increasing of urban forests quality, level actor are government and level alternative are rules evaluation and urban forest expantion
pengaruh preheating cetakan pasir terhadap kemampuan fluiditas proses pengecoran dan kualitas hasil coran logam Al-Si
No full textABSTRAK Susilo, Hadi. 2012. Pengaruh Preheating Cetakan Pasir Terhadap Kemampuan Fluiditas Proses Pengecoran Dan Kualitas Hasil Coran Logam Al-Si.Skripsi. Jurusan Teknik Mesin. Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Drs, H. Putut Murdanto, S.T., M.T., (II) Arif Wahyudiono, S.T., M.T. Kata Kunci: Al-Si, kualitas hasil coran logam, kemampuan fluiditas, cetakan pasir. Proses pembentukan logam cor (casting) merupakan suatu proses pembentukan logam yang banyak dipakai dalam industri karena mempunyai kelebihan bisa membentuk benda yang diinginkan sesuai pola cetakan. Cacat yang terjadi pada cor umumnya disebabkan oleh pasir cetak. Salah satu metode untuk mengukur kualitas cora logam adalah dengan metode fluiditas. Metode fluiditas adalah metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur panjang logam cor sebelum terjadinya pembekuan. Semakin panjang logam cor semakin baik kemampuan fluiditas logam cor tersebut. Salah satu cara agar logam memiliki kemampuan fluiditas yang baik adalah dengan melakukan preheating pada cetakan pasir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Preheating cetakan pasir terhadap kemampuan fluiditas dan kualitas hasil coran logam Al-Si. Eksperimen pada percobaan ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pengecoran logam pada cetakan pasir dengan suhu ruangan, preheting 100 OC, preheating 150 OC, dan preheating 200 OC. Setelah itu dilakukan uji fluiditas, kekerasan logam dan pengamatan visual terhadap cacat logam yang terjadi. Data dianalisis menggunakan program SPSS 17 for windows. Dari analisis data penelitian diketahui ada pengaruh preheating terhadap kemampuan fluiditas logam cor. Hasil penelitian menunujukan ada kenaikan panjang logam pada uji fluiditas. Panjang logam yang mengalami kenaikan adalah ketebalan 5 mm, 3 mm, dan 2 mm. Hasil Uji kekerasan menunjukan penurunan seiiring dinaikkannya variasi suhu preheating. Kekerasan paling tinggi didapat pada logam cor tanpa preheating yaitu 92,3 BHN dan paling rendah preheating 200 OC yaitu 53 BHN. Saran untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah perlu adanya penelitian dengan menggunakan variasi suhu preheating yang lebih tinggi agar diketahui hasil lain yang bisa didapat dan pengujian yang lebih bervariasi yang tidak dilakukan pada penelitian ini seperti uji kekuatan tarik
VISUAL Jurnal Seni Rupa dan Desain : Vol. 8, No. 1, Juli - Desember 2005
No full text1. Folklor dalam Lukisan Kaca Jawa Tengah dan Yogyakarta / Eddy Hadi Waluyo
2. Tipologi Desain Interior Sebuah Penggalian Pemikiran Para Desainer, Studi Kasus: Klenteng di Jakarta / Greysia Susilo
3. Universal Desain, Sebuah Pendekatan Desain untuk Menjawab Keberagaman / Noeratri Andanwerti
4. Indianisasi Visual dalam Budaya Tanda di Indonesia / Samodro
5. Menata Pesan Mengolah Visual / Toto Mujio Mukmi
Abundance and community structure of Mentawai primates in the Peleonan forest, north Siberut, Indonesia
No full textThe island of Siberut in the Mentawai Archipelago, west of Sumatra, Indonesia, Supports four of the five primate species endemic to the Archipelago, all categorized as threatened on the IUCN Red List. As a baseline for future research on the ecology and conservation of Siberut's primates we used a line-transect approach to Survey primates in the Peleonan forest, site of the Siberut Conservation Project in northern Siberut. In 104 kin of Surveys we made a total of 391 observations of primates and estimated density and Population sizes for the Project's 10.7 km(2), main study site. Overall primate biomass density was estimated to be 697 kg km(-2) and abundances, in individuals km-2, were: pig-tailed snub-nosed langur Simias concolor, 53.1; Siberut macaque Macaca siberu, 16.2; Moss's gibbon Hylobates klossii, 8.9; Mentawai langur Presbytis potenziani, 8.2. These results confirm those from earlier studies that in undisturbed and unhunted primary forests S. concolor is more Successful than the sympatrically occurring P. potenziani. Results for all species suggest considerable population sizes on the island and underline its importance for the conservation of Mentawai primates
Kajian agroekologi sistem agroforestri di daerah aliran sungai Cianjur
No full textA research was conducted to analyze agroecologycal characteristic of agroforestry system in Cianjur Watershed landscape. Observation and interviews were held to 30 samples of agroforestry field and respondents in the upper stream, the middle stream and the down stream of Cianjur Watershed, respectively. The results showed, that the communities in the three zones of Cianjur Watershed have been conducting agroforestry practice in order to manage their dry land. It’s found the differences characteristic of agroforestry system between the upper stream and the down stream. In the upper stream, agroforestry practices were found in a forest garden. This area is the buffer zone of Gede Pangrango Mountain. In the upper stream, the number of trees found 5 species and 12 species of plants. In the middle stream area, agroforestry practices were found in community lands and the tea estate plantation. In the community lands the number of trees found 20 species and 12 species of plant. In the down stream area, agroforestry were practiced in community lands and the flat area. The number of trees is 23 species and 11 species of plants. The middle stream agroforestry system characteristic was known as a transition condition between the upper and the down streams. The characteristic of biophisic and agroclimate have affected to total individual number and species of trees and cash crop. Planting index of cash crops is 2.93, 2.53 and 1.43 in the upper, middle and down stream, respectively. The average annual income from cash crops in the three zones are 15.866.250, 4.771.643 and 735.918 (IDR/ha/yr) from the upper, the middle to the down streams, respectively. The productivity of cash crops in the three zones of Cianjur watershed area, in the generally also lower than the potential yield and data from Cianjur Agriculture Official 2009. Furthermore, the dominant cash crops in the upper stream are carrot, cabbage, tomato, scallion, mustard and chili. In the middle stream are corn, chili, tomato, carrot, and mustard, and than in the down stream are corn, chili, tomato and cassava.The aspects of sustainability can be seen from the B/C ratio, where B/C ratio in the three zones of watersheds Cianjur worth more than 1. The B/C ratio in the upper stream 1:09, in the middle stream 2.89 and the downstream 1:02. The sustainability of agroforestry systems in every zone, was defined for aspects of productivity, economic, social and culture and ecologycal. For the aspect of environmental sustainability, in the upper stream more lower than in the middle and the down stream.The aspects of the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, in the downstream is lowest of use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides for the management of agroforestry systems. There are differences of sustainability indexs in the three zones area in ianjur watershed. The average of indexs sustainability is 12.12 (moderat suatainability).in scale 11-15Sistem agroforestri untuk pengelolaan lahan kering pada kawasan Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) diyakini oleh beberapa peneliti mampu menjaga kelestarian lingkungan dan mempunyai manfaat dari segi keragaman jenis (biodiversity), unsur hara, sifat fisik tanah serta meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Daerah Aliran Sungai yang berdasarkan tempatnya meliputi kawasan dari hulu sampai ke hilir, secara umum memiliki keragaman agroekologi yang disebabkan oleh perbedaan ketinggian tempat. Perbedaan wilayah yang ditentukan berdasarkan ketinggian tempat ini sering dianggap sebagai zona DAS. Masyarakat di wilayah DAS Cianjur secara umum memanfaatkan lahan keringnya dengan sistem agroforestri. Sistem agroforestri di daerah ini berupa pekarangan (home gardens), kebun campuran (mixed gardens) dan kebun hutan (forest gardens). Sistem agroforestri ini berlangsung sudah cukup lama dan sudah menjadi budaya masyarakat secara turun-temurun. Pengelolaan lahan dengan sistem agroforestri sebagai suatu sistem tersebut dipengaruhi oleh kondisi zona agroekologi yang berarti bahwa keadaan topografi dan iklim yang berbeda akan memberi pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap pola pengelolaan sistem agroforestri sebagai sistem pertaniannya. Serangkaian penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis karakteristik sistem agroforestri berdasarkan kajian agroekologi di tiga zona DAS Cianjur yang dikhususkan dengan tujuan 1) analisis biofisik dan agroklimat sistem agroforestri di tiga zona DAS Cianjur, 2) analisis pola tanam dan produktivitas tanaman semusim pada sistem agroforestri di DAS Cianjur dan 3) analisis sosial ekonomi dan keberlanjutan sistem agroforestri di DAS Cianjur. Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Bulan Agustus 2007 sampai dengan Desember 2008 di tiga zona Daerah Aliran Sungai Cianjur Kabupaten Cianjur Propinsi Jawa Barat. Secara geografis zona hulu terletak pada S 60 46’ 23” – 60 47’ 15” ; E 1060 59’ 7” – 1070 3’ 16” pada ketinggian > 900 m dpl, tengah 107003` 11” - 107005` 08” BT dan 6048` 14” LS (300-900 m dpl), dan hilir 107003` 11” - 107005` 08” BT dan 6048` 14” LS pada ±300 m dpl
Habitat Use and Trophic Niche Overlap of Two Sympatric Colobines, Presbytis potenziani and Simias concolor, on Siberut Island, Indonesia
No full textAccording to ecological theory, the concept of niche differentiation is essential to our understanding of how sympatric species can limit competition over resources. We here examine ecological niche differentiation in 2 sympatric Asian langurs, Presbytis potenziani and Simias concolor, both endemic to the Mentawai Islands off the west coast of Sumatra. We collected data (home range size, canopy use, activity budgets, diet, and niche breadth and overlap) using GPS and scan/focal animal sampling methods on 2 groups of Presbytis potenziani and 3 groups of Simias concolor living in a mixed primary rain forest in northern Siberut. Results show that home ranges of the 2 species overlapped completely and that the home range size of Presbytis potenziani was ca. 4 times larger than that of Simias concolor. Lower canopy levels (20 m. Apart from foraging and other activities, there was little difference in overall activity budgets of the 2 species. Regarding diet, although 60% of all food species examined were used by both langur species, they shared only 3 of the 10 most commonly eaten species. Presbytis potenziani fed more selectively on fruits, whereas Simias concolor fed predominantly on leaves. Levin's niche breadth indices revealed that the diet of Simias concolor is more general (0.34) than that of Presbytis potenziani (0.22). Based on a Pianka index of 0.32, we conclude that there is a relatively small food niche overlap between the 2 colobine species and that diet represents an important mechanism enabling their coexistence.Monaco Foundatio
Fakta Tembakau Indonesia 2020
Get PDFBuku FAKTA TEMBAKAU Indonesia 2020 merupakan hasil kerja bersama dan dedikasi banyak pihak. Atas prakarsa Badan Khusus Pengendalian Tembakau PP IAKMI Periode 2014-2019, Pimpinan PP IAKMI masa bakti periode yang sama melakukan audiensi kepada Kepala Badan Litbang Kementerian Kesehatan RI dan mendiskusikan rencana untuk menelaah ulang, menyusun dan melakukan pemutakhiran data tembakau yang komprehensif yang dapat dijadikan acuan data nasional bagi pengendalian tembakau di Indonesia. Terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kami sampaikan kepada Kepala Badan Litbang Kementerian Kesehatan RI, dan Sekretaris Badan Litbang Kementerian Kesehatan RI atas dukungan dan kerjasamanya sehingga terwujud buku FAKTA TEMBAKAU Indonesia 2020.
Kepada para Kontributor yang berasal dari Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian, Badan Litbang Kementerian Kesehatan RI dan akademisi aktivis pengendalian tembakau, kami sampaikan terima kasih yang tulus atas kerja samanya. Penghargaan secara khusus kami sampaikan kepada Nur Hadi Wiyono, Nur Endah Wijayanti, Abdillah Ahsan, Nunik Kusumawardani, Ingan Tarigan dan tim Badan Litbang Kementerian Kesehatan yang terdiri dari Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Priska Arfines, Yudi Kristanto dan Olwin Nainggolan. Penghargaan yang tinggi kami sampaikan pula kepada Dwidjo Susilo, Emma Rachmawati, Mouhamad Bigwanto, Widyastuti Soerojo, Jalal Ramelan dan Tubagus Haryo Karbiyanto yang telah memberikan kontribusi materi sesuai bidang keahliannya.
Buku FAKTA TEMBAKAU 2020 yang penyusunannya dimulai tahun 2018, mengalami kelambatan penulisan di antaranya karena menunggu selesainya survei nasional dan beberapa sebab lain sehingga baru dapat diselesaikan menjelang akhir tahun 2020. Kurun waktu selama itu digunakan untuk mengamati perkembangan fakta lapangan, melakukan pemutakhiran data dan melengkapi penulisan. Terima kasih sebesar-besarnya kami ucapkan kepada keempat Penulis: Widyastuti Soerojo, Mouhamad Bigwanto, Dwidjo Susilo dan Nur Hadi Wiyono atas kesungguhan dan upayanya yang tak kenal lelah dalam menyelesaikan buku ini.
Penghargaan yang tulus kami sampaikan kepada SEATCA (Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance) atas dukungan teknisnya. Kepada Ms Tan Yen Lian, Knowledge and Information Manager, kami ucapkan terima kasih tak terhingga atas sumbangan pemikiran pada awal penyusunan buku tentang perubahan sudut pandang masalah tembakau dari fokus prevalensi perokok sebagai korban, ke fokus industri tembakau sebagai penyebab yang kami refleksikan dalam sistematika buku.
Pada akhirnya, penghargaan setinggi-tingginya kami sampaikan kepada kedua Editor Buku FAKTA TEMBAKAU Indonesia 2020 yang telah meluangkan waktu untuk membaca, memberikan koreksi dan asupannya.
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