3,217 research outputs found
La filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève
No full textThis article is a presentation of Alexandre Kojève’s philosophy of law, exposed in his Esquisse d’une phénoménologie du droit (1981). Little attention has been paid to this work. So there is a gap that has to be filled with a critical reflection of its strengths. Among them, undoubtedly, we count the fact that Kojève is introducing a conception of international justice that casts a singular light on current debates about cosmopolitanism and globalization. According to this author, citizenship is the key element of the process of global expansion of the juridical sphere. In sum, Kojève’s philosophy is useful to reflect upon the contrast between the juridical and the political, which is the basis for all philosophy of law, in order to achieve world peace and international justice.Este artículo es una presentación de la filosofía del derecho de Alexandre Kojève contenida en su Esquisse d’une phénoménologie du droit (1981). La poca atención que dicha obra ha recibido es un vacío que debiera llenarse con una reflexión crítica de sus puntos fuertes. Entre ellos destaca una concepción de la justicia internacional que proyecta una luz muy singular sobre los actuales debates en torno a la globalización y el cosmopolitismo. A ojos de este autor, la ciudadanía es el elemento clave para aquilatar la expansión global de lo jurídico. En suma, Kojève aparece como un valioso referente en la labor de pensar la contraposición entre lo jurídico y lo político que está en la base de toda filosofía del derecho, con la aspiración al logro de la justicia internacional y la paz mundial en el horizonte
Reconfiguração do consensualismo contratual: as ações tituladas nominativas e os limites à transmissão
No full textPartimos da evolução histórica do consensualismo contratual salientando os
principais carateres que, nos diversos momentos históricos, se foram evidenciando.
Numa segunda etapa exploramos os fundamentos dogmáticos do modelo de
transmissão contratual assumido pelo legislador e a sua viabilidade no sistema
jurídico global, em particular, no direito dos valores mobiliários. Constatamos a
crescente necessidade na prática mercantil e inevitabilidade no sistema jurídico
global da admissibilidade da existência de contratos de compra e venda de natureza
meramente obrigacional. Num terceiro momento desenvolvemos os principais
aspetos do regime jurídico aplicável às ações tituladas nominativas fora do mercado
regulado, em particular, os principais limites à transmissão, enquanto instrumentos/barreiras ao consensualismo contratual.We start from the historical evolution of contractual consensualism emphasizing the
main aspects that, in different historical moments, were showing up. In a second
stage we explore the dogmatic foundations of the transmission model contractual
assumed by the legislator and its viability in the global legal system, in particular, in
securities law. We note the growing need in commercial practice and inevitability in
the global legal system the admissibility of the existence of contracts of sale purely
obligatory. In the third stage we develop the main aspects of the legal regime
applicable to nominative titled actions outside the regulated market, in particular,
the main limits to the transmission, as instruments / barriers to contractual
consensualism
“Era por Alexandre tod’esto demostrado”: ¿pruebas verídicas y pruebas engañosas en el Libro de Alexandre?
No full textEl Libro de Alexandre es un texto de s. XIII, que se escribió en la España medieval. En este escrito, el autor pretende demostrar que, en el Alexandre, algunas de las situaciones que se ponen a prueba son aceptadas, pero eso no significa que el macedonio gane la prueba. El articulo esta dividido en tres apartados. En el primero, el autor da cuenta de la historia textual de la obra y también dedica ciertas líneas al Estado de la cuestión del texto; mientras que, en la segunda parte, nos guía a conceptos etimológicos de los términos prueba, evidencia y demás. En el tercer apartado se centra en algunas pruebas expuestas en el Libro de Alexandre.The Libro de Alexandre is a literary work, written during the medieval Spain. In this paper, the author tries to demonstrate that, carefully reading the L.A, some of the situations that are set as proves are accepted, but it does not mean that Alexander can be a victor. This paper is divided in three sections: firstly, the author tells the textual history of the L.A and, then, tries to update the State of art: on the other hand, in the second part, the author offers meanings about terms as: prueba and evidencia. Finally, the author focuses on certain passages contained in the Libro de Alexandre that can be taken as failed proves
Mixing the Immiscible: Improvisation within Fixed-Media Composition
No full textThis paper will explore ways in which mastered improvisation practice, with the studio as an instrument, is a proposed avenue to bridge the historical dichotomy between what Ted Gioia describe as ‘the aesthetics of perfection’ and ‘the aesthetics of imperfection’. It is proposed as a way to re-embody fixed music, as experimented by the author through the composition of his last fixed-media work. This will be put in the context of a wider trend observed amongst the current emerging generation of composers interested in the aesthesics of the work, by opposition to the previous generations that placed the value of the work in its poietics. The vital and primal importance of practice outcome as practice-based research’s main document will also be advocated for, as these trends are happening in the laboratory of live music
Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660)
No full textBiografia do jesuíta francês Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660), missionário na Cochinchina (Vietname) e no Tonquim. Autor do Dicionário Anamita-Português-Latim (1651), Rhodes foi uma figura central no choque de interesses entre o Padroado Português e as ambições diplomáticas e políticas da França na Indochina e na China.Biography of the French Jesuit Alexandre de Rhodes (1593?-1660), missionary in Cochinchina (Vietnam) and Tonkin. Author of the Anamita-Portuguese-Latin Dictionary (1651), Rhodes was a central figure in the clash of interests between the Portuguese Padroado and France's diplomatic and political ambitions in Indochina and China.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
La Clerecía de "Alexandre"
No full textEl artículo reflexiona sobre la educación que recibe Alexandre “El grande” a manos de su profesor Aristóteles, retratado en el “Libro de Alexandre”; a continuación analiza las disciplinas que compusieron dicho programa con el interés de proponer una interpretación de la lista de las siete artes liberales mencionadas. Este artículo ofrece una visión de las diferentes maneras en las que los textos reflejan la “clerecía” del protagonista así como de otros personajes, incluyendo el anónimo autor de los mismos. Cualquiera que se dedique a las mencionadas artes liberales será glorificado y Alexandre se presenta él mismo como modelo ideal de un príncipe en quien la nobleza y al inteligencia van unidas, una defensa clara de la “clerecía” como fuente fundamental de toda excelencia. This article deals with the education imparted on Alexander the Great by Aristotles, as portrayed in the “Libro de Alexandre”, analyzes the disciplines and proposes an interpretation of the list of the seven liberal arts mentioned therein. This article also offers an encompassing view of the different ways in which the text reflects the “clerecía2 of the protagonist as well as that of the other characters, including the anonymous author himself. Anyone who dedicates him or herself to the aforementioned liberal arts is thereby glorified, and Alexander presents himself as the ideal model of a prince in whom nobility and cleverness are joined, in a clear defense of the “clerecía” as the fundamental source of all excellence
Study of the therapeutic potentials of the induced augmentation in adult neurogenesis in a mouse model of chronic mild stress and depression
No full textContexteLe trouble dépressif majeur (TDM) est un problème de santé mentale répandu et l'une des principales causes d'incapacité dans le monde. Cependant, les mécanismes physiopathologiques de la dépression restent à préciser, et les antidépresseurs disponibles sont encore limités dans leurs effets, montrant une capacité limitée à induire une rémission complète chez les patients. En effet, de nombreux patients atteints de TDM présentent des résistances aux traitemens ou des épisodes récurrents. L'hippocampe, et en particulier dans la zone sous-granulaire du gyrus denté, est une des deux régions du cerveau chez le mammifère (la seule chez l’Homme) qui montre la capacité de générer de nouveaux neurones dans le cerveau adulte, un phénomène appelé neurogenèse hippocampique adulte (AHN). Il a été révélé par le passé que l'AHN pouvait être impliquée dans la physiopathologie de la dépression ainsi que, de manière cruciale, dans plusieurs effets comportementaux des antidépresseurs. En tenant compte ces derniers résultats, il a été suggéré qu’une stratégie thérapeutique visant à augmenter spécifiquement l’AHN puisse améliorer l’efficacité de la réponse thérapeutique chez les patients.Matériel et méthodesEn utilisant un modèle murin de stress chronique et dépression, le stress chronique léger imprévisible (UCMS), ce travail de doctorat a eu pour objectif d’étudier si une l'augmentation induite d'AHN pouvait être suffisante pour produire des effets de type antidépresseur au niveau comportemental et au niveau neuroendocrinien.Dans ce but, une lignée de souris bi-transgénique (iBax) a été utilisée, dans laquelle l'AHN pouvait être augmentée de manière inductible en supprimant le gène pro-apoptotique Bax des progéniteurs neuronaux suite à l’action de la recombinase CreERT2 de manière dépendante de la présence de son ligand, le tamoxifène qui pouvait être apporté par injections périphériques. Ce travail s’est ensuite appuyé sur une série d’expérience avec 2 principales cohortes composées de quatre groupes de souris, réparties en fonction de 2 facteurs : environnement (UCMS / non stressé) et traitement (Tamoxifène / véhicule).RésultatsL'UCMS induit une diminution de l’AHN et une syndrome qui rappelle différentes dimensions associées au trouble dépressif. L'UCMS produit un état associé à des comportements anhédonique, et de type anxieux, ainsi qu’à une altération physique (pelage, poids) et des réponses comportementales et neuroendocrinienne (axe HPA) au stress aigu. L’injection de tamoxifène chez les souris UCMS a contrecarré la diminution d'AHN ainsi que partiellement contrebalancé les effets de l’UCMS sur certaines dimensions associées à l’UCMS (anhédonie et axe HPA) mais pas sur d’autres altérations (l'état physique, le poids, comportements associés à l’anxiété et en réponse au stress aigu).ConclusionPris dans leur ensemble, nos résultats suggèrent qu'une stratégie visant à augmenter l'AHN peut être en mesure d'atténuer certaines dimensions comportementales et neuroendocriniennes liées à la dépression de l'UCMS, telles que les déficits de réactivité de l'axe anhédonie et HPA, mais est insuffisante pour produire seule une rémission complète.BackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is a common debilitating mental health problem, and one of the leading causes of disability due to diseases worldwide. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of depression are still unclear, and the available antidepressants are still limited in their effects, showing poor ability to exhibit complete recovery, where a large percent of medically treated MDD patients show resistance to treatments or recurrent episodes. The hippocampus, and particularly in the sub-granular zone of dentate gyrus, is one of the two brain regions in mammals (the unique region in humans) that display the capability to generate neurons in the adult brain, a process called adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Previous studies have revealed that AHN may be strongly involved in the pathophysiology of MDD as well as in many behavioural effects of antidepressants. Taken these results together, it has been suggested that a therapeutic strategy aiming at increasing AHN could be effective in improving MDD treatment.Material and methodsUsing a mouse model of chronic stress and depression, unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), the current doctorate project aimed to investigate whether inducible AHN increase would be sufficient to produce antidepressant-like effects at behavioral and neuroendocrine levels. For this purpose, a bi-transgenic mouse line (iBax) has been used, in which AHN can be augmented in an inducible manner by deleting the pro-apoptotic gene Bax from the neural progenitors following the tamoxifen-dependent action of CreERT2 recombinases. This work was then based on a series of experiments with two main cohorts that were composed by four groups of mice, according to two factors : environment (UCMS/non-stressed) and treatment (Tamoxifen/ vehicle).ResultsUCMS induced an AHN decrease associated with a syndrome that is reminiscent of depression-like states. The UCMS yielded to states associated with anhedonia and anxiety-like behaviors as well as alterations in physical measures (coat, weight) and in the behavioral and neuroendocrine (HPA axis) responses to acute stress. Tamoxifen injection reversed the AHN decrease as well as partly counteracted UCMS effects on the cookie test and HPA axis but not for the coat state, weight gain, NSF test and FST.ConclusionTaken together, our results suggest that a strategy directing at increasing AHN may be able to alleviate some depression-related behavioral and neuroendocrine dimensions of UCMS, such as anhedonia and HPA axis reactivity deficits, but may be hardly sufficient to produce a complete recovery
The monarchy of Portugal in Alexandre Herculano's work
No full textA pesquisa A Monarquia Portuguesa na Obra de Alexandre Herculano analisa a construção do modelo ideal de monarca por Alexandre Herculano, com especial ênfase na produção histórica em que os monarcas portugueses foram retratados com maior riqueza de detalhes e analisados de forma mais criteriosa. A pesquisa se dá a partir da conjuntura histórica portuguesa marcada pelo estabelecimento do Estado Liberal e pelos debates entre os diferentes grupos políticos em que a participação dos intelectuais é um ponto relevante. No tocante a Alexandre Herculano, o envolvimento do autor em diversas polêmicas e articulações políticas é uma evidência da importância e da atuação da intelligentsia na sociedade portuguesa do século XIX. Ao lado da conjuntura histórica na qual a obra de Herculano foi produzida, o universo conceitual forjado pelo autor com fundamento nos pressupostos teóricos e políticos também foi contemplado, pois o modelo de monarca construído pelo autor foi elaborado a partir deste universo conceitual que, conforme os pressupostos teóricos empregados nesta pesquisa atuam e interferem nos debates contemporâneos à obra.The research The Portuguese Monarchy in Alexandre Herculanos work analyses the building of the monarchs ideal model (by Alexandre Herculano) especially focusing on the historical production on which the Portuguese monarchs were detailedly portrayed and discerningly analysed. Considering the Portuguese historical conjuncture marked not only by the establishment of the Liberal State but also by the debates among the different political groups in which the intellectuals partaking is relevant. Concerning Alexandre Herculano, the authors involvement in several debates and political articulations is an evidence of the intelligentsias outstanding role in the Portuguese society of the nineteenth century. Along with the historical context in which Herculanos work was produced, the conceptual universe created by the author reasoned on theoretical and political assumptions was also considered because the monarchs model built by the author was created from this universe of concepts that, according to the theoretical assumptions used in this research, act and expand their sphere of influence towards the contemporary debates to his work
A comparison of the images of women in selected works by Moliere and Alexandre Dumas, fils, 1978
No full textThe purpose of studying these two dramatists is to discover, to analyze and to compare the female characters in their respective plays. By so doing, the author wishes to discern their Ideas, attitudes and prejudices concerning women. The study is presented in four chapters. The introduction, which is Chapter I, presents the lives and works of Moliere and Alexandre Dumas, fils. Details of their personal life histories are given so that the reader can more fully understand the influence of the society in which they lived upon their work. Chapter II represents a study of the images of women in Moliere's theater. In this chapter one finds that females, in general, are presented as having intelligence, wit and high moral standards. In many instances women are shown to surpass men in these areas. The third chapter discusses the images of women as presented in selected plays by Alexandre Dumas, fils. It deals with Dumas's depiction of women as inferior to man in every aspect of their physical, mental and moral being. The fourth chapter is a comparison of both authors' ideas concerning the mental and moral status of women. Their ideas regarding a woman's place in marriage and society are presented. The conclusion is that Moliere, quite lenient and fair in his portrayals, fills the stage with delightful images of noble women of his era, while Dumas paints a very dismal and discouraging image of the woman of his day
Mathematics under the Microscope
No full textIt is an unusual book which casts new and paradoxical light on the nature of mathematics.
The book will be interesting -- perhaps for different reasons -- to school teachers of mathematics and maths majors at universities, to graduate students in mathematics and computer science, to research mathematicians and computer scientists, to philosophers and historians of mathematics, to psychologists and neurophysiologists.
The author attempts to start a dialogue between mathematicians and cognitive scientists. He discusses, from a working mathematician's point of view, the mystery of mathematical intuition: why are certain mathematical concepts are more intuitive than the others? To what extent the "small scale" structure of mathematical concepts and algorithms reflects the workings of the human brain? What are the "elementary particles'' of mathematics which build up the mathematical universe?
One of the principal points of the book is the essential vertical unity of mathematics, the natural integration of its simplest objects and concepts into the complex hierarchy of mathematics as a whole. The same ideas and patterns of thinking can be found in elementary school arithmetic and in the cutting edge mathematical theories. There are no boundaries between "recreational'', "elementary'', "undergraduate'' and "research'' mathematics; the book freely moves throughout the whole range. Nevertheless, the author takes great care of keeping the book as non-technical as possible.
The book is saturated with amusing examples from a wide range of disciplines -- from turbulence to error-correcting codes to logic -- as well as just puzzles and brainteasers. Despite the very serious subject matter, the author's approach is lighthearted and entertaining
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