16 research outputs found
Diallel Analysis of Resistance to Bacterial Stalk Rot (Pectobacterium Chrysanthemi Pv. Zeae Burk., Mcfad. and Dim.) in Corn (Zea Mays L.)
Get PDFOne of the major disease problems affecting maize farming in the Philippines is bacterial stalk rot (BSR) caused by Pectobacterium chrysanthemi pv. zeae Burk., McFad. and Dim., which is formerly known as Erwinia chrysanthemi. The annual loss due to BSR is estimated at PhP. 20 million equivalent to Rp3.5 billion. At present, there is no effective control method against BSR and, therefore, varietal improvement through breeding resistant germplasms is needed. The present study aimed to determine the combining ability and the extent of additive and non-additive genetic effects in corn inbred lines with a range of reaction to BSR. Four resistant lines (S3YB 137-1-1-B, TUPI (S3) 5-1-B, TUPI (S3) 15-2-B, and 97-835) and two susceptible lines (CML 295 and 97-733) were used as genetic materials. Generation of test entries and evaluation of disease resistance were conducted at the experimental farm station of University of the Philippines Los Banos and Institute of Plant Breeding Los Banos, respectively, during 2002 to 2003 wet seasons. Griffing's diallel mating system Model 1, Method 1 was followed in generating the test entries to make a total of 36 entries (six selfed parental lines and 15 each of F1 crosses and their reciprocalcrosses). The entries were then evaluated for disease resistance in a yield trial following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications. Results of diallel analysisshowed two lines, S3YB 137-1-1-B and TUPI (S3) 5-1-B, exhibited the best general combining ability (GCA) for resistance to BSR, while the crosses S3YB 137-1-1-B x TUPI (S3) 5-1-B and TUPI (S3) 5-1-B x 97-835 performed the best specific combining ability (SCA) for the resistance. GCA effect was greater than that of SCA. This indicated that additive gene effects were found to be more important than non-additive gene effects in the expression of resistance to BSR in the six corn lines used. Therefore, breeding programs towards recurrent selection that emphasize GCA would be more appropriate forBSR resistance improvement involving those six lines
Translation Analysis of Ideological Aspects through the Use of Rhetorical Constructions in How to Win Friends and Influence People
No full textRhetorical construction may have a number of functions in a text. It attempts to prompt a reaction to the message of a statement by expressing it in words that have particular connotations. The study aims at the application of rhetorical constructions reflecting the author’s ideology, Dale Carnegie, in ‘How to Win Friends and Influence People’ and how the translator rendered them through the selection of translation techniques into Indonesian version using Van Dijk’s CDA model to determine the quality of translation. By applying a content analysis, the study finds that in general the author uses rhetorical constructions such as repetitions, metaphors, rhetorical questions, and hyperboles to represent his ideology in this book. The author explores a lot on the persuasive and motivational ideology. The findings also show evidence that the translator implements several different translation techniques, such as established equivalent, variation, transposition, amplification, and modulation in order to attain a high quality of translation and to preserve the author’s ideology. Meanwhile, the use of translation techniques such as literal, reduction, generalization, modulation (optional), and discursive creation result in a lower quality of translation and also create a shift (in form and meaning) in the translated version. Thus, these techniques used show the translator’s ability to comprehend what is behind the text, and the translator must also take into consideration any shift in meaning of the ideological construction in the translation process so as to avoid a low quality of translation. This implies that translator should consider the ideology behind the author’s intention to deliver his or her message and chooses the appropriate techniques of translation to maintain the original message in the translated versio
Arabic Language Learning Program in the Language Tourism Village in Terms of Learning Management/برنامج تعليم اللغة العربية بقرية السياحة اللغوية في ضوء الإدارة التعليمية
No full textThe Language Tourism Village Program in Pakel is a program that teaches Arabic which requires management in the teaching process. The purpose of this study was to determine and describe the implementation of the Arabic language program in the Arabic tourism village in Pakel village, Karangpandan, Karanganyar. The results of this study indicate: 1) in planning, the purpose of learning Arabic in the Language Tourism Village in Pakel uses the curriculum applied in the Language Tourism Village at the Ali Royah Sukabumi Islamic Boarding School which has been designed completely by the curriculum developed by the Arabic book author Baina yadaik; 2) All teachers in this program are graduates of the Ali Rayah Sukabumi Islamic boarding school; 3) Implementation, consisting of 3 activities, namely: initial activities, core activities, and final activities. 4) Evaluation, held every two weeks
Yield Gap Management under Seawater Intrusion Areas of Indonesia to Improve Rice Productivity and Resilience to Climate Change
No full textThe purpose of this study was to evaluate (a) the performance of two modern rice varieties (non-tolerant and tolerant for saline soils) under different fertilizer management options, and (b) assess the yield gap and income increase through proper crop and nutrient management at different levels of soil salinity. Experiments were carried out in moderate and high levels of soil salinity in West Java, Indonesia. A split plot design with three replications was used. The main plots included two rice varieties, Inpari-30 Ciherang sub1 and Inpari-34 (tolerant variety for saline soils), and subplots included eight fertilizer management treatments. Farmer participatory field trials were also established across three levels of soil salinity with four different rice varieties, Sidenuk, Inpari 30, Inpari 34, and Inpari 35, and a fertilizer package consisting of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Under low and moderate soil salinities, Sidenuk and Inpari 30 with recommended practice had higher productivity and economic benefit compared to the saline tolerant rice varieties, Inpari 34 and Inpari 35. However, under high soil salinity, the yields of Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 with recommended practice were 93% higher than farmers’ practice, representing an exploitable yield gap of 1.3 t ha−1 and benefit above fertilizer cost of USD 301 ha−1. The combination of tolerant varieties and improved nutrient management use for rice production can therefore be used as a strategy for improving farmers’ income and livelihoods in coastal areas of Indonesia
DESAIN ALTERNATIF ALAT PENJEMUR PAKAIAN YANG ADA DI PASARAN
Get PDFClothesline tools are used as the right means of placing small and large amounts of laundry clothes. In terms of design developments, it can be said that clothesline has developed and innovated quite fast since the early 2000s. However, in a densely populated city like Jakarta, not all laundry equipment functions as it should. From the research conducted by the author, some respondents who live in several areas in Jakarta such as in the densely populated house, the majority of respondents said that they do not have a large drying space or area and this drying area is not exclusively used for drying clothes but is a versatile and multifunctional area. Such as parking vehicles and storing other household objects. Therefore the span dimension factor when it is in use or how to move the equipment when it is not in use is the main concern. Then Jakarta has a fairly high average temperature, which is in the range of 25-33 degrees Celsius so that not all materials can be used for clotheslines, the materials used must have resistance to weather which has high temperatures. From some of the existing problems, the writer wants to develop several alternative designs of clothes drying tools on the market by updating the system, structure, or aesthetics so that they can function properly
STUDI POLA PEWARISAN KETAHANAN JAGUNG (Zea mays) TERHADAP KERACUNAN ALUMINIUM PADA TANAH MASAM
No full textBreeding for Al tolerant maize varieties requires preliminary identification of type and components of gene action controlling the trait. It is important to understand the gene action before one could decide the most appropriate breeding method for tolerance to Al toxicity. The present study aimed to estimate the predominant gene action controlling the tolerance to Al toxicity in mize population developed from a partial diallel involving tolerant and sensitive inbred lines of five each evaluated at acid and non-acid environments. The experiment was carried out at three locations, i.e, Banguntapan, bantul (DIY), Maros (South Sulawesi) and Sitiung, Dhamasraya (West Sumatera) from 2007 to 2009. The tolerance was assessed based on the performance per se of grain yield. The results revealed genotype x environment interactions and AST 1042-69 was found to be best general combiner or tester for population improvement towards Al toxicity tolerance. Specifically for the hybrids resulted from the crosses of AST 1042-22 x AST 1042-70, AST 1042-69 x G-180 and AST 1042-69 x Nei-9008 could be improved further as promising tolerant hybrids to Al toxicity, based on their relatively higher estimates of specific combining ability
Mixed-Potential-Driven Catalysis in Glucose Oxidation
No full textMixed-potential-driven catalysis, in which anodic and cathodic reactions are electrochemically short-circuited, converts the Gibbs free energy difference into overpotentials that drive both half-reactions without an external energy input. We developed a theoretical framework that suggests that the catalytic activities of individual catalyst components determine the distribution of the aforementioned driving forces. By short-circuiting spatially separated electrodes made of Au/C with reduced-graphene oxide, nitrogen-doped reduced-graphene oxide, caged nitrogen-doped reduced-graphene oxide, Pt/C, or Pd/C, we demonstrated this framework using glucose oxidation as a model, given its significance in generating high-value products and its potential in fuel cell technology. A short-circuit current was detected in the absence of external potentials, demonstrating electron transfer during glucose oxidation. Additionally, by correlating the mixed potential predicted from the polarization curves of each half-reaction with the mixed potential measured in short-circuit experiments under the same conditions, we confirmed that the kinetic activity of each catalyst component determines the mixed potential. This, in turn, affects the division of the driving force. Driving force partitioning is a potent tool for enhancing the overall rate of a reaction. Our findings may facilitate the design of not only glucose oxidation catalysts but also other heterogeneous catalysts based on mixed-potential-driven reaction mechanisms. Mixed-potential-driven catalysis is a new category of heterogeneous catalysis, in which a single catalyst particle facilitates a complementary pair of anodic and cathodic half-reactions. A theoretical framework suggesting that the catalytic activities of individual catalyst components determine the driving force distribution was established using glucose oxidation as the model system. imag
