1,721,048 research outputs found
A General Cartographic Labeling Algorithm
No full textSome apparently powerful algorithms for automatic label placement on maps use heuristics that capture considerable cartographic expertise but are hampered by provably inefficient methods of search and optimization. On the other hand, no approach to label placement that is based on an efficient optimization technique has been applied to the production of general cartographic maps --- those with labeled point, line, and area features --- and shown to generate labelings of acceptable quality. We present an algorithm for label placement that achieves the twin goals of practical efficiency and high labeling quality by combining simple cartographic heuristics with effective stochastic optimization techniques. Keywords: label placement, text placement, map lettering, diagram lettering, optimization, heuristics. Contact: Stuart M. Shieber Division of Applied Sciences Harvard University 33 Oxford Street --- 14 Cambridge, MA 02138 USA A General Cartographic Labeling Algorithm Abstract Some..
Human-centered compression for efficient text input
No full textTraditional methods for efficient text entry are based on prediction. Prediction requires a constant context-shift between entering text and selecting or verifying the predictions. Previous research has shown that the advantages offered by prediction are usually eliminated by the cognitive load associated with such context-switching. We present a novel approach that relies on compression. Users are required to compress text using a very simple abbreviation technique that yields an average keystrok reduction of 26.4%. Input text is automatically decoded using weighted finite-state transducers, incorporating both word-based and letter-based n-gram language models. Decoding yields a residual error rate of 3.3%. User experiments show that this approach yields improved text input speeds
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Developing a natural language interface and connecting it to a first order logic theorem prover [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textIn this thesis we describe and develop a simple natural language interface for AI applications. The interface is based on TALK, a system originating from Fernando C. N. Pereira and Stuart M. Shieber. After a brief presentation of their system we delineate implementations of several indispensable language constructions. A complete example, a puzzle solving program combining the enhanced NL interface with a theorem prover, is included. Finally, we discuss and carry out a "purification" of our system, thus enabling it to run in a parallel logic programming environment not fully compatible with Prolog.</p
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
第2回 SPARC Japan セミナー2014 「大学におけるOAポリシー : 日本版OAポリシーのモデル構築に向けて」学術情報流通制度は、OAポリシー策定にどう影響するか ドキュメント
No full text第2回 SPARC Japan セミナー2014「大学におけるOAポリシー : 日本版OAポリシーのモデル構築に向けて」
開催場所：国立情報学研究所 12階 1208,1210会議室
日時：2014年9月26日（金）13:00-17:00conference objec
The 2nd SPARC Japan Seminar 2014 "Institutional Open Access Policy : toward the development of Japanese models" How scholarly communication goals affect the design of open access policies Presentation Material
No full text第2回 SPARC Japan セミナー2014
「大学におけるOAポリシー : 日本版OAポリシーのモデル構築に向けて」
日時 ：2014年年9月26日（金）13:00-17:00
場所： 国立情報学研究所 12階 1208,1210会議
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