101 research outputs found
La faible scolarisation en milieu rural cambodgien s’ explique -t- elle seulement par la pauvreté ?
No full textThe author first proposes a study of the history of Cambodian primary school education, and describes the dysfunctionality of the current schooling offer in rural Cambodia. Within this context, one identified dysfunction is analysed: pupil absenteeism. At the beginning of the 21st century, what are the reasons that children in rural areas, primarily from rice growing families, are so commonly absent from primary school – either temporarily or permanently ‘dropping out’? First, the author challenges the idea of familial economic concerns as the sole or even primary reason for primary school absenteeism in rural Cambodia. ‘Freed’ from economic constraints at the local level, the analysis shows that to a certain extent, children drop out of school because they have the power to choose not to attend. Indeed, parents seem to have limited influence on the fate of their children’s schooling. The author then proposes a link between this ‘empowerment’ of the child and the parents’ relationship to educational institutions, to understand the importance and priority placed by rice growing people on knowledge acquired through formal schooling
L’importation d’un « sentiment de l’enfance » libéral et démocratique à Thnaot Chum (Cambodge)
No full textThis paper studies the reception of liberal and democratic values in relation to children and their education in a present-day village of rice farmers in Cambodia. These values, essentially based on the International Convention on the Rights of the Child and the so-called ‘ child centred’ approach promoted by UN bodies, reach the Cambodian rural world through the market economy (and its consumer society), through actors in the world of international development and through the primary school system. Our study, focussed on one village whose name is changed for the sake of anonymity, questions the possibility of an actual emancipation of Khmer youth from the hold of the filial and hierarchical family structure that still prevails in the contemporary Khmer rural world.Cet article, mobilisant le concept de «sentiment de l’enfance » et posant le problème vernaculaire de l’ «enfant-vagabond » , rend compte de la réception contemporaine de valeurs libérales et démocratiques relatives aux enfants et à leur éducation, dans un village de riziculteurs au Cambodge. Ces valeurs, qui reposent notamment sur deux sources «onusiennes » (la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant, l’approche dite «centrée sur l’enfant » ), atteignent le monde rural par l’intermédiaire de l’économie de marché (et sa société de consommation), des acteurs
du monde du développement international et de l’école primaire. Étudié à l’échelle
méthodologique d’un village, ce processus de changement social invite à discuter la possibilité d’une émancipation enfantine de l’emprise de la verticalité filiale et hiérarchique, dans le monde rural khmer contemporain.Prigent Steven. L’importation d’un « sentiment de l’enfance » libéral et démocratique à Thnaot Chum (Cambodge). In: Aséanie 30, 2012. pp. 75-101
Atelier « Parent education and (non-)schooling», 10e Congrès international de l’EuroSEAS
No full textPour citer ce billet : "Workshop 'Parent education and (non-)schooling', 10th International Congress of EuroSEAS", by Steven Prigent and Juliette Sendra, published on Transmission, savoirs, savoir-faire et valeurs sociales: https://nyantri.hypotheses.org/619 The 10th International Congress of the European Association for Southeast Asian Studies (EuroSEAS) was held at the Humboldt University (Berlin) from 10 to 13 September 2019. During this event, Steven Prigent and Juliette Sendra organised ..
La vie des habitants de Cheung Kok sous le régime khmer rouge
No full textBased on long-term fieldwork, this paper describes the living conditions of people of Cheung Kok village in Kompong Cham province in Cambodia between 1973 and 1978. This study goes beyond the village only to mention the names of specific leaders of the commune and the district, and presents itself as an ethnographic contri bution to the study of the Khmer rouge regime. Specifically, the author considers a population of farmers who did not leave their homeland during and after the era of Democratic Kampuchea. The focus is a village which didn’t host any ‘ new people’, urban people who could not flee the country and were forced to live in rural areas by the Khmer rouge, and who, in contrast to the ‘ old people’ experienced an explicit ideological discrimination by the regime.Cet article se fonde sur une série d’enquêtes ethnographiques menées sur le long terme et pose un témoignage «idéal-typique » de ce qu’a pu être la vie des habitants du village de Cheung Kok (province de Kompong Cham au Cambodge) dans les années 1973-1978. Cette étude ne dépasse l’échelle du village que pour mentionner les noms de certains dirigeants de la commune et du district et se présente comme une contribution ethnographique au champ des recherches menées sur le régime khmer rouge. Plus précisément, elle a pour objet la population paysanne qui n’a pas quitté sa région natale pendant et après le Kampuchéa démocratique et un village qui n’a pas accueilli de membres du «peuple nouveau » — ces citadins lettrés qui n’ont pas pu fuir le Cambodge, qui ont été déportés en milieu rural et qui, à la différence des membres du «peuple ancien » , ont fait l’objet d’une aversion idéologique explicite.Prigent Steven. La vie des habitants de Cheung Kok sous le régime khmer rouge. In: Aséanie 33, 2014. pp. 43-59
Logics and educationals strategies of parents seized in the new economic situation, the javanese village of Bejiharjo, Indonesi
No full textInternational audienceThe 10th International Congress of the European Association for Southeast Asian Studies (EuroSEAS) was held in Humboldt University (Berlin) from 10 to 13 September 2019. During this event, Steven Prigent and Juliette Sendra organised a workshop entitled « Parent education and (non-)schooling » in which Jean-Marc de Grave (Institut de Recherches Asiatiques) and Nolwen Henaff (Centre Population et Développement) participated. The panel proposed to study the relationships of families to school institution. In that way, the participants were conveyed to pay attention to educational practices and (non) school enrolment family strategies of children and teenagers within a broad educational context (school and non-school).Motivations to school – or not – children are multiple (religious, ethical, economical, etc.). They participate in parental educational choices often correlated to strategies of distinction or reproduction (as defined by Pierre Bourdieu). Parents can be actively involved in the schooling of their children at different degrees (choice of school, moral support, homework help, funding for additional classes, school counselling, etc.), can prefer to stay away from school knowledge and rely on teachers, can leave more or less flexibility to children or young people, or can even refuse schooling.So, the discussion highlighted the differences and similarities in the relationships between families and schools, based on case studies from different countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam) and concerning different disciplinary approaches. Participants had also considered the links existing between the modes of learning developed at school and out of school, both at the level of practice and at the level of underlying aims.Finally, school as a particular form of education brings into play exogenous norms and references within a given social context. The school project is indeed based on education conceptions linked to national and international policies. The interventions were thus proposed to consider the possible implications of these policies at the level of school and non-school parental logics
La faible scolarisation en milieu rural cambodgien s’ explique -t- elle seulement par la pauvreté ?
No full textThe author first proposes a study of the history of Cambodian primary school education, and describes the dysfunctionality of the current schooling offer in rural Cambodia. Within this context, one identified dysfunction is analysed: pupil absenteeism. At the beginning of the 21st century, what are the reasons that children in rural areas, primarily from rice growing families, are so commonly absent from primary school – either temporarily or permanently ‘dropping out’? First, the author challenges the idea of familial economic concerns as the sole or even primary reason for primary school absenteeism in rural Cambodia. ‘Freed’ from economic constraints at the local level, the analysis shows that to a certain extent, children drop out of school because they have the power to choose not to attend. Indeed, parents seem to have limited influence on the fate of their children’s schooling. The author then proposes a link between this ‘empowerment’ of the child and the parents’ relationship to educational institutions, to understand the importance and priority placed by rice growing people on knowledge acquired through formal schooling
Le sol et la dette. La place dans ancêtres dans l'organisation sociale à Thnaot Chum( Cambodge)
No full textInternational audienc
Ces enfants qui se souviennent de leur vie antérieure
No full textDans le village de Thnaot Chum au Cambodge, le syncrétisme religieux mêle un bouddhisme theravada issu de l’indianisation à un système de croyances en des entités invisibles plus « autochtones ». Dans ce contexte, une certaine théorie de la renaissance se dessine. En effet, non seulement les gens de Thnaot Chum prêtent aux défunts et aux ancêtres la capacité d’« attraper la vie » (cāp’ jāti) – autrement dit de renaître, mais encore l’entourage d’un enfant s’accorde parfois à reconnaître que ce dernier « se souvient de sa vie antérieure » (cāṃ jāti ; ṭịṅ jāti ; ṭịṅ kaṃṇoet). Dans cet article, j’étudie différents cas d’enfants de Thnaot Chum dont l’identité a été troublée par la présence d’un défunt. Que font et que racontent ses proches lorsqu’ils s’accordent à dire d’un enfant qu’il « se souvient de sa vie antérieure » ? Sur quels critères se construit une telle affirmation ? Pourquoi l’enfant doit-il « oublier sa vie antérieure » (bhlec jāti) ? Comment comprendre cette interrogation sociale sur l’identité d’un enfant ?These Children Who Remember Their Previous LivesIn the village of Thnaot Chum, Cambodia, religious syncretism mixes Theravada Buddhism, stemming from Indianization, with a system of beliefs in invisible beings of native origin. A theory of rebirth thus took shape. Villagers think that the deceased and ancestors have the ability to « capture life » (cāp’ jāti) – to be reborn. Furthermore, the family circle sometimes agrees on recognizing that a child « remembers its previous life » (cāṃ jāti ; ṭịṅ jāti ; ṭịṅ kaṃṇoet). Cases of village children whose identities have been disturbed by the presence of a deceased person are studied. What do the persons close to such children do and say once they have agreed that the child remembers its previous life ? What are the grounds underlying this affirmation ? Why should the child « forget his former life » (bhlec jāti) ? How to understand this social discourse about the child’s identity
Social Sciences in and about Cambodia. The Human Sciences Encounters in Phnom Penh conferences 2008-2017
No full text[ndlr] Mise en ligne d'un document rassemblant les résumés des 82 conférences qui ont été organisées par les Human Sciences Encounters in Phnom Penh (HSEPP) entre 2008 et 2017, complété en annexe d’une version khmère. Auteur.es : Pascale Hancart Petitet, Um Vutha et Steven Prigent Accès au document sur la plateforme de l'UQAC : Cliquez sur l'image pour accéder au document (PDF
L’homme - janvier/mars 2015
No full textIn Memoriam Éric Jolly – Geneviève Calame-Griaule (1924-2013) Marie-Élisabeth Handman – Nicole-Claude Mathieu (1937-2014) Études & Essais Erwan Dianteill – Hérode africain. L’Épiphanie à Porto-Novo (Bénin) Steven Prigent – Ces enfants qui se souviennent de leur vie antérieure. Convocations de certains défunts et nouages de partenariats à Thnaot Chum (Cambodge) Jacques Mercier – Aux confins de l’anthropologie et de la philosophie. Propos sur l’interrogation en abyme d’un magicien éthiopien : “..
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