669 research outputs found
Identificação de eventos epileptiformes em sinais de EEG com escalogramas como entrada de redes neurais artificiais
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Florianópolis, 2015.Esta pesquisa apresenta uma metodologia na identificação de paroxis-mos epileptiformes em sinais de EEG baseada no escalograma Wavelet, que é um mapeio do sinal no tempo e na escala usando uma função Wavelet. Foram avaliadas 65 funções Wavelet das famílias: Daubechies, Biorthogonal, Symlets, Reverse Biorthogonal e Coiflets. Após confor-mar o conjunto de padrões mediante o escalograma foi usada uma rede neural Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) para identificar os eventos epileptiformes (espículas e ondas agudas). Foram usados dois bancos de sinais: EEG-Bank-A e EEG-Bank-B, de características totalmente diferentes para testar a metodologia proposta. Propuseram-se duas formas de treinar a rede neural: usando o escalograma diádico completo ou usando as escalas diádicas mais relacionadas à atividade epileptiforme, que demonstraram ser: 25, 26, 27 e 28. O propósito é diminuir a alta redundância de informação do escalograma Wavelet contínuo, diminuindo também o alto custo computacional. Foram treinadas e validadas 260 redes neurais usando o mesmo vetor de pesos inicial. Os testes foram realizados de forma cruzada (entre os bancos), gerando os indicadores de desempenho: sensibilidade, especificidade, valor preditivo positivo, valor preditivo negativo, prevalência, eficiência (EFI) e área abaixo da curva ROC (AUC, Area Under the Curve). As funções Wavelet analisadas foram avaliadas baseadas no produto da área abaixo da curva ROC e da eficiência (AUC x EFI). Para o EEG-Bank-A, foram escolhidas as funções bior3.7, bior3.9 e rbio1.5, obtendo os indicadores de desempenho: sensibilidade de 78,21%, especificidade de 94,52%, valor preditivo positivo de 89,97%, valor preditivo negativo de 87,33%, prevalência de 38,62%, eficiência de 88,22% e AUC de 0,9617. Para o EEG-Bank-B foram escolhidas rbio1.5, rbio1.3 e coif1, obtendo os indicadores de desempenho: sensibilidade de 89,03%, especificidade de 89,33%, valor preditivo positivo de 85,40%, valor preditivo negativo de 92,07%, prevalência de 41,21%, eficiência de 89,20% e AUC de 0,9461. A função rbio1.5 forneceu altos indicadores de desempenho para os dois bancos utilizados. Em geral, todas as funções Wavelet são uteis na identificação de paroxismos epileptiformes, porém as funções daub10 até daub15 atingiram um produto (AUC x EFI) menor de 75%, que foi considerado um valor baixo. O tempo de processamento do sistema proposto foi de 2,5 segundos.Abstract : This research presents a methodology for the identification of epileptiform paroxysms in EEG signals based on Wavelet scalogram that maps the signal in time and scale using a Wavelet function. It was used 65 Wavelet functions of families: Daubechies, Biorthogonal, Symlets, Reverse Biorthogonal and Coiflets. After feature extraction via scalograms it was designed a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network to identify the epileptiform events (spikes and sharp waves). Two banks of signals were used: EEG-Bank-A and EEG-Bank-B which are totally different and they will help to test the proposed methodology. It was proposed two ways for the training stage: using the full dyadic scalogram or the dyadic scales more strongly related to epileptiform activity, the dyadic scales: 25, 26, 27 and 28. The purpose is to decrease high redundancy of information of the CWT also reducing the high computational cost. It was trained 260 neural networks using the same vector of initial weights. The tests were performed using a cross-data technique (between the banks), generating the following indicators of performance: sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, prevalence, maximum efficiency and area under the ROC curve (AUC). The Wavelet functions were evaluated based on the AUC x EFI product. For EEG-Bank-A the functions bior3.7, bior3.9 and rbio1.5 were chosen obtaining the indicators of performance: sensitivity of 78.21%, specificity of 94.53%, positive predictive value of 89.97%, negative predictive value of 87.33%, prevalence of 38.62%, maximum efficiency of system of 88.22% and AUC of 0.9617. For EEG-Bank-B were chosen rbio1.5, rbio1.3 and coif1 obtaining the indicators: sensitivity of 89.03%, specificity of 89.33%, positive predictive value of 85.40%, negative predictive value of 92.07%, prevalence of 41.21%, maximum efficiency of 89.20% and AUC of 0.9461. The rbio1.5 function provides high indicators of performance for both banks. In general, all Wavelet functions are useful for the identification of epileptiform paroxysms, even though the function daub10 to daub15 reached AUC x EFI indicators smaller than 75% that was considered a low value. Finally, the processing time of the proposed system was 2.5 seconds
First evidence on a general disease (“d”) factor underlying psychopathology and physical illness in adolescents
No full textThe coexistence of mental and physical health illnesses could be accounted for by an underlying general disease factor (termed d-factor), reflecting theoretical underpinnings based on possible genetic and pathophysiological overlapping mechanisms. This study evaluated whether the d-factor underlies mental and physical health illnesses in adolescents. A series of confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using data from 1120 adolescents. The proposed common underlying factor, we believe is the d-factor, was consistently present across different modeling approaches, including unidimensional, correlated-factor, and bifactor models. The best model fit was achieved with the bifactor model represented by mental, neurological, and psychical conditions tested. The first compelling evidence was provided supporting the existence of the transdiagnostic d-factor in youth, opening the door to innovative research of comorbid mental and physical health conditions.</p
Hierarchical structuring of psychopathological dimensions in youth : current progress and future steps with the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)
No full textOver the past two decades, it has become clear that psychopathology exists on continuous spectra organized hierarchically from broad, general symptom dimensions to more specific ones. This structure is best represented by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) framework that incorporates individual signs, symptoms, and behaviors at its most specific level while encompassing higher-order dimensions at its broadest level. This commentary gives an overview of studies that evaluated higher-order dimensions of psychopathology and their alignment with the HiTOP framework. Studies consistently support the alignment of youth psychopathology with the HiTOP framework, particularly its general dimension of psychopathology and the broad internalizing and externalizing spectrum. The model also identifies distinct, lower-level dimensions such as fear, affectivity, antagonism, and attention problems. This hierarchical structure is evident across the entire age span but with specific makeup of dimensions appearing to differ between children and adolescents. Rapidly gaining momentum, current evidence indicates HiTOP’s effectiveness in conceptualizing youth mental health. Future studies should focus on exploring the HiTOP structure across different ages and populations, testing its real-world generalizability, selecting the most appropriate assessment tools, and understanding how the framework applies to youth from diverse societies and cultures. CC BY 4.0© The Author(s) 2024.Correspondence Address: D. Stevanovic; Clinic for Neurology and Psychiatry for Children and Youth, Belgrade, Serbia; email: [email protected] funding received.</p
Epilepsy
No full textWith the vision of including authors from different parts of the world, different educational backgrounds, and offering open-access to their published work, InTech proudly presents the latest edited book in epilepsy research, Epilepsy: Histological, electroencephalographic, and psychological aspects. Here are twelve interesting and inspiring chapters dealing with basic molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying epileptic seizures, electroencephalographic findings, and neuropsychological, psychological, and psychiatric aspects of epileptic seizures, but non-epileptic as well
Epilepsy
No full textWith the vision of including authors from different parts of the world, different educational backgrounds, and offering open-access to their published work, InTech proudly presents the latest edited book in epilepsy research, Epilepsy: Histological, electroencephalographic, and psychological aspects. Here are twelve interesting and inspiring chapters dealing with basic molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying epileptic seizures, electroencephalographic findings, and neuropsychological, psychological, and psychiatric aspects of epileptic seizures, but non-epileptic as well
KINDL Quality Of Life Questionnaire In Serbia: Referent Values For Healthy Children And Adolescents KINDL Quality Of Life Questionnaire In Serbia: Referent Values For Healthy Children And Adolescents
No full textAbstract The objective of this report was to present the referent values of the Serbian KINDL for healthy children and adolescents. The data from 756 children and adolescents and 618 parents were used. The mean values with standard deviations, 95% confidence intervals, and percentiles were calculated for KINDL. Additionally, the differences between genders, children and parents, and the correlations of age with the KINDL scores were given. The mean values of the subscales ranged 59.51 -76.39 for the children and 68.96 -79.97 for the parents. The total scores were 76.29 and 79.86, respectfully. Between the male and female subjects, no significant differences were observed. However, the majority of the scores significantly, but inversely, correlated with age. The referent values were given for gender and age
Pediatric health-related quality of life instrument, Part II: General guidelines for translation and cultural adaptation
No full text<zakljucak> Prenosenje koncepta kvaliteta zivota iz jednog u drugi kulturoloski okvir slozen je proces i obuhvata vise etapa od pripreme do krajnjeg izvestaja o prevodjenju. Smernice za prevodjenje i adaptaciju upitnika o kvalitetu zivota u pedijatriji, kao i za njihovo koriscenje u unakrsnim kulturoloskim studijama ne postoje. Stoga, potrebno je detaljno istrazivanje ovog koncepta u raznim kulturoloskim okvirima, kako bi bile postavljene prave preporuke. Precizno izvedeno prevodjenje i kulturoloski senzitivna adaptacija predstavljaju proces kojim se verodostojno originalni upitnik prebacuje u drugi kulturoloski okvir, kako bi mogao da sluzi istoj svrsi. Samo pazljivo izvedena verzija originala, koja ce naknadno biti psihometrijski proverena i verifikovana, moze da meri na pravi nacin ono za sta je namenjena.</jats:p
Pediatric health-related quality of life instrument, Part I: General guidelines for selection
No full text<zakljucak> Ubrzan razvoj koncepta kvaliteta zivota u pedijatriji omogucio je razvoj velikog broja upitnika za njegovu procenu. Odabir pravog upitnika zahtevan je i slozen proces i svi koji ce ga koristiti moraju pri selekciji da obrate paznju na niz zahteva. Selekciju odredjuju precizno postavljen cilj, adekvatan dizajn procene (ili dizajn studije), odredjene karakteristike ispitanika i karakteristike upitnika. Ovi koraci, sa svim svojim elementima, znacajno su zavisni i medjusobno povezani. Ukoliko neki od njih bude izostavljen, neadekvatan upitnik moze biti znacajan izvor greske u proceni kvaliteta zivota, a narocito u poredjenju podataka dobijenih iz drugih izvora. Stoga, vazno je razumeti da kombinacija ovih atributa odredjuje populaciju za procenu, nacin i tip procene, rezultate i zakljucke procene, a ne samo upitnik za merenje kvaliteta zivota.</jats:p
Serbian KINDL questionnaire for quality of life assessments in healthy children and adolescents: reproducibility and construct validity
No full textAbstract Background The KINDL questionnaire is frequently used to evaluate quality of life (QOL) and the impacts of health conditions on children's everyday living. The objectives of this study were to assess the reproducibility and construct validity of the Serbian KINDL for QOL assessments in healthy children and adolescents. Methods Five hundred and sixty-four healthy children and adolescents completed the KINDL. Reproducibility was analyzed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to assess the structure of the KINDL construct validity. Results The intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.03 to 0.84 for the subscales and total score. A second order CFA model as originally hypothesized was tested: items (24), primary factors (six subscales), and one secondary factor (QOL). The fit indexes derived from a CFA failed to yield appropriate fit between the data and the hypothesized model. Conclusion Majority of the subscales and total KINDL possess appropriate reproducibility for group comparisons. However, a CFA failed to confirm the structure of the original measurement model, indicating that the Serbian version should be revised before wider use for QOL assessments in healthy children and adolescent.</p
Cross-cultural similarities and differences in reporting autistic symptoms in toddlers: A study synthesizing M-CHAT(-R) data from ten countries
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