1,356,060 research outputs found
Serre fotovoltaiche Attenti alle perdite; Stanghellini: il calo produttivo non è da poco
No full textGli installatori di pannelli fotovoltaici hanno nel mirino gli ortoflorovivaisti che gestiscono serre. Costoro, per contro, sono alla ricerca di sistemi atti a far loro recuperare la marginalità perduta in questi anni di crisi. Un matrimonio che s'ha da fare? Meglio di no. A sconsigliarlo è Cecilia Stanghellini, docente d'orticoltura in serra presso l'Università di Wageningen in Olanda, che ha presentato a una recente lettura presso l'Accademia dei Gergofili i risultati di un suo studio sugli effetti sulla produttività delle colture in serra in presenza di pannelli fotovoltaici. «A mio avviso», afferma senza giri di parole Stanghellini, «l'installazione di pannelli fotovoltaici sulle serre dovrebbe essere tenuta come ultima ratio, dopo averne tappezzato tutti i tetti e i terreni disponibili. La produzione d'energia solare con questi pannelli entra infatti inevitabilmente in competizione con quella colturale svolta all'interno delle serre, captando la luce solare. Nella migliore delle ipotesi, il conduttore di serre destinate alla produzione di piante ornamentali a foglia del Sud Italia dovrà mettere in conto una perdita di produzione pari a 12 cent per kWh d'energia solare prodotta. Una perdita certo accettabile, se, per contro, riceve un contributo di 40 cent per ogni kWh d'energia da fonti rinnovabili immessa in rete. Nel caso di coltivazioni orticole da frutto, invece, andranno messe in conto perdite di produzioni di gran lunga superiori, considerato che la captazione della luce da parte dei pannelli fotovoltaici potrebbe compromettere l'allegagione»
Identification of principal causal effects using secondary outcomes.
No full textUnless strong assumptions are made, identification of principal causal effects
in causal studies can only be partial and bounds (or sets) for the causal effects
are established. In the presence of a secondary outcome, recent results exist to
sharpen the bounds that exploit conditional independence assumptions (Mealli and
Pacini, 2012). More general results, though not embedded in a causal framework,
can be found on concentration graphs with a latent variable (Stanghellini and Vantaggi,
2013). The aim of this paper is to establish a link between the two settings
and to show that adapting results contained in the latter paper can help achieving
identification of principal casual effects in studies with more than one secondary
outcome
Editorial: Embodying the Self: Neurophysiological Perspectives on the Psychopathology of Anomalous Bodily Experiences
No full textSince the beginning of the 20th Century, phenomenology has developed a distinction between lived body (Leib) and physical body (Koerper), a distinction well known as body-subject vs. body-object (Hanna and Thompson 2007). The lived body is the body experienced from within - my own direct experience of my body lived in the first-person perspective, myself as a spatiotemporal embodied agent in the world. The physical body on the other hand, is the body thematically investigated from a third person perspective by natural sciences as anatomy and physiology. An active topic affecting the understanding of several psychopathological disorders is the relatively unknown dynamic existing between aspects related to the body-object (that comprises the neurobiological substrate of the disease) and the body-subject (the experiences reported by patients) (Nelson and Sass 2017). A clue testifying the need to better explore this dynamic in the psychopathological context is the marked gap that still exists between patients’ clinical reports (generally entailing disturbing experiences) and etiopathogenetic theories and therapeutic practices, that are mainly postulated at a bodily/brain level of description and analysis. The phenomenological exploration typically targets descriptions of persons’ lived experience. For instance, patients suffering from schizophrenia may describe their thoughts as alien (‘‘thoughts are intruding into my head’’) and the world surrounding them as fragmented (‘‘the world is a series of snapshots’’) (Stanghellini et al., 2015). The result is a rich and detailed collection of the patients’ qualitative self-descriptions (Stanghellini and Rossi, 2014), that reveal fundamental changes in the structure of experiencing and can be captured by using specific assessment tools (Parnas et al. 2005; Sass et al. 2017; Stanghellini et al., 2014). The practice of considering the objective and the subjective levels of analysis as separated in the research studies design has many unintended consequences. Primarily, it has the effect of limiting actionable neuroscientific progress within clinical practice. This holds true both in terms of availability of evidence-based treatments for the disorders, as well as for early diagnosis purposes. In response to this need, this collection of articles aims to promote an interdisciplinary endeavor to better connect the bodily, objective level of analysis with its experiential corollary. This is accomplished by focusing on the convergence between (neuro) physiological evidence and the phenomenological manifestations of anomalous bodily experiences present in different disorders
Bayesian Inference for Graphical Factor Analysis Models
No full textWe generalize factor analysis models by allowing the concentration matrix of the residuals to have
nonzero off-diagonal elements. The resulting model is named graphical factor analysis model. Allowing a
structure of associations gives information about the correlation left unexplained by the unobserved variables,
which can be used both in the confirmatory and exploratory context. We first present a sufficient
condition for global identifiability of this class of models with a generic number of factors, thereby extending
the results in Stanghellini (1997) and Vicard (2000).We then consider the issue of model comparison
and show that fast local computations are possible for this purpose, if the conditional independence graphs
on the residuals are restricted to be decomposable and a Bayesian approach is adopted. To achieve this
aim, we propose a new reversible jump MCMC method to approximate the posterior probabilities of the
considered models. We then study the evolution of political democracy in 75 developing countries based
on eight measures of democracy in two different years
Un'applicazione della network analysis allo studio della concorrenza spaziale tra centri commerciali
No full textL'articolo propone una metodologia per leggere la struttura territoriale dei grandi insediamenti commerciali. Tale metodologia prevede di unire alla determinazione delle isocrone di accessibilità, tradizionalmente usata per individuare i bacini di mercato dei centri commerciali, l'utilizzo della network analysis, uno strumento impiegato nelle scienze sociali per studiare (e quantificare) le interazioni tra i soggetti. Tale strumento viene qui applicato per analizzare le sovrapposizioni dei bacini di mercato, così da esaminare la concorrenza tra centri non in termini merceologici od economici ma spaziali; in tal modo, è possibile verificare il livello di effettiva saturazione del mercato per ogni centro, e di valutare l'impatto di ogni nuovo centro su quelli già esistenti. Il caso di studio presentato riguarda l'area metropolitana torinese, in cui sono stati presi in esame gli otto centri commerciali che hanno una superficie di vendita superiore a 10.000 metri quadrati. In una seconda fase è stato analizzato anche l'impatto sulla struttura territoriale dell'apertura di tre nuovi centri commerciali già autorizzati dalla Region
Contribuições da Noção de Crise do Senso Comum na Esquizofrenia em Stanghellini
No full textThe notion of crisis of common sense on schizophrenia is introduced by Wolfgang Blankenburg through his concept of loss of natural evidence. In contemporaneity, Giovanni Stanghellini revisits and amplifies this notion by proposing a panoramic perspective on this crisis. This paper presents the contributions brought by Stanghellini’s perspective, introducing his understanding of common sense and its relevance for the comprehension of schizophrenia. For the author, common sense is understood in three ways: as a knowledge socially shared, intuitive attunement, and cenesthesia. Through the notions of intercorporeality and koinè aisthesis, Stanghellini conceives schizophrenia as an experience of disruption of the habitual relation with the world. His proposal contributes to clinical practice by suggesting directions for the psychotherapy with schizophrenics.A noção de crise do senso comum na esquizofrenia é introduza por Wolfgang Blankenburg através do conceito de perda da evidência natural. Na contemporaneidade, Giovanni Stanghellini revista e amplia essa noção, propondo uma perspectiva panorâmica dessa crise. Este artigo apresenta as contribuições trazidas pela perspectiva de Stanghellini, introduzindo seu entendimento sobre o conceito de senso comum e a relevância deste para a compreensão da esquizofrenia. Para o autor, o senso comum é compreendido de três modos: como saber socialmente compartilhado, sintonização intuitiva e cenestesia. Através das noções de intercorporeidade e koinè aisthesis, Stanghellini entende a esquizofrenia como experiência de rompimento da relação habitual com o mundo. Sua proposta contribui para a prática clínica ao sugerir direções à psicoterapia com esquizofrênicos
Exploring the margins of the bipolar spectrum: Temperamental features of the typus melancholicus
No full textBackground: Both the melancholic type of personality (TM) and the concept of temperament offer promising insights for the phenotypic characterization of mood-spectrum vulnerability. This research challenges the theoretical hiatus between the two psychopathological paradigms - the phenomenological and the neo-Kraepelinian - by means of an empirically-based approach. Method: Temperamental features were assessed through the Semi-structured Affective Temperament Interview (TEMPS-I) in an outpatient population of 116 clinically stable, euthymic subjects who suffered from a DSM IV major depressive disorder, previously enrolled for a study on the characteristics of major/unipolar depressive episode. The sample was subsequently evaluated and dichotomized according to the Criteria for Typus Melancholicus (CTM). Results: The TM subjects exhibited statistically significant differences in the temperamental profile as compared to non-TMs (NTM). A specific association between TM and hyperthymic temperament (HT) was confirmed by binary logistic regression analysis, suggesting that the phenomenological distinction TM vs. NTM is supported by different predisposing Kraepelinian "fundamental states". Limitation and conclusions: Although it is uncertain whether the findings would generalize outside the Italian culture, they nonetheless delineate a strong aggregation between TM and hyperthymic temperament, indicating that (1) an integrative neo-Kraepelinian/phenomenological cooperative model is warranted to tap the complexity of the phenotypic diathesis for mood-disorders, and (2) the hyperthymic-melancholic type of personality rests on the margins of the bipolar spectrum. The main limitation of this study is that it enrolled a selected outpatient volunteer sample. A large scale study in general population is needed to confirm the hypothesis of a strong link between TM and HT and to shed light on the causes and meanings of this association. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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