58 research outputs found
Impacts fonctionnels des variants génétiques dans les promoteurs des gènes associés à la survie et à la mort cellulaire
No full textLa régulation de l’apoptose est importante dans le maintient de l’homéostasie cellulaire et l’intégrité du matériel génétique. L’apoptose est un mécanisme cellulaire qui élimine les cellules endommagées. Le bon fonctionnement de cette voie biologique est crucial pour contrer la propagation des cellules avec leurs anomalies génétiques. La dérégulation des gènes codants pour des composantes de la voie intrinsèque de l’apoptose est fréquemment observée chez divers types de cancers, incluant la leucémie. Nous proposons que des polymor¬phis¬mes fonctionnels localisés dans la région régulatrice (rSNP) des gènes impliqués dans la voie d’apoptose intrinsèque auraient un impact significatif dans l’oncogenèse en modifiant le taux d’expression de ces gènes.
Dans cette étude, nous avons validé, à l’aide d’une combinaison d’approches in silico et in vitro, l’impact fonctionnel de la variabilité génétique sous la forme d’haplotypes (rHAPs), au niveau du promoteur proximal, de 11 gènes codant pour des composantes de la voie intrinsèque de l’apoptose. Pour ce faire, nous avons sous-cloné les rHAPs majeurs dans un vecteur contenant le gène rapporteur luciférase (pGL3b). Ces constructions furent utilisées dans des essais de transfections transitoires dans 3 lignées cellulaires (Hela, Jeg3 et Jurkat).
Nous avons observé qu’au moins 2 rHAPs influencent significativement l’activité transcriptionelle de façon allèle spécifique. Ces rHAPs sont associés aux gènes YWHAB et YWHAQ. Les analyses de retard sur gel d’électrophorèse (EMSA) ont permis d’identifier 2 sites de liaison ADN-protéine différentielles dans les rHAPs du gène YWHAB. La variabilité du niveau d’expression des gènes étudiés pourrait contribuer à la susceptibilité interindividuelle de développer un cancer, tel que la leucémie de l’enfant.The regulation of apoptosis is important in maintaining cellular homeostasis and the integrity of the genetic material. Apoptosis is a cellular mechanism that eliminates damaged cells. The operation of this biological pathway is crucial to counter the spread of cells and their genetic abnormalities. Deregulation of genes encoding components of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is frequently observed in various types of cancers, including leukemia. We propose that functional polymorphism located in the regulatory region (rSNP) of genes involved in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway would have a significant impact in oncogenesis by altering the expression levels of these genes.
In this study, we validated, using a combination of in silico and in vitro approaches, the functional impact of genetic variability (analyzed as haplotypes, rHap) at the proximal promoters of 11 genes encoding components of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. To do this, we subcloned the major rHaps in a vector containing the luciferase reporter gene (pGL3b). These constructs were used in transient transfection assays in three human cell lines (HeLa, Jurkat and JEG3).
We observed that at least 2 rHaps significantly influence the transcriptional activity of a specific allele. These rHaps are associated with genes YWHAB and YWHAQ. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) have identified 2 sites for differential DNA-protein binding with the rHaps of YWHAB. Variability in the level of expression of the genes studied could contribute to interindividual susceptibility to developing cancer, such as childhood leukemia
Impacts fonctionnels des variants génétiques dans les promoteurs des gènes associés à la survie et à la mort cellulaire
No full textLa régulation de l’apoptose est importante dans le maintient de l’homéostasie cellulaire et l’intégrité du matériel génétique. L’apoptose est un mécanisme cellulaire qui élimine les cellules endommagées. Le bon fonctionnement de cette voie biologique est crucial pour contrer la propagation des cellules avec leurs anomalies génétiques. La dérégulation des gènes codants pour des composantes de la voie intrinsèque de l’apoptose est fréquemment observée chez divers types de cancers, incluant la leucémie. Nous proposons que des polymor¬phis¬mes fonctionnels localisés dans la région régulatrice (rSNP) des gènes impliqués dans la voie d’apoptose intrinsèque auraient un impact significatif dans l’oncogenèse en modifiant le taux d’expression de ces gènes.
Dans cette étude, nous avons validé, à l’aide d’une combinaison d’approches in silico et in vitro, l’impact fonctionnel de la variabilité génétique sous la forme d’haplotypes (rHAPs), au niveau du promoteur proximal, de 11 gènes codant pour des composantes de la voie intrinsèque de l’apoptose. Pour ce faire, nous avons sous-cloné les rHAPs majeurs dans un vecteur contenant le gène rapporteur luciférase (pGL3b). Ces constructions furent utilisées dans des essais de transfections transitoires dans 3 lignées cellulaires (Hela, Jeg3 et Jurkat).
Nous avons observé qu’au moins 2 rHAPs influencent significativement l’activité transcriptionelle de façon allèle spécifique. Ces rHAPs sont associés aux gènes YWHAB et YWHAQ. Les analyses de retard sur gel d’électrophorèse (EMSA) ont permis d’identifier 2 sites de liaison ADN-protéine différentielles dans les rHAPs du gène YWHAB. La variabilité du niveau d’expression des gènes étudiés pourrait contribuer à la susceptibilité interindividuelle de développer un cancer, tel que la leucémie de l’enfant.The regulation of apoptosis is important in maintaining cellular homeostasis and the integrity of the genetic material. Apoptosis is a cellular mechanism that eliminates damaged cells. The operation of this biological pathway is crucial to counter the spread of cells and their genetic abnormalities. Deregulation of genes encoding components of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis is frequently observed in various types of cancers, including leukemia. We propose that functional polymorphism located in the regulatory region (rSNP) of genes involved in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway would have a significant impact in oncogenesis by altering the expression levels of these genes.
In this study, we validated, using a combination of in silico and in vitro approaches, the functional impact of genetic variability (analyzed as haplotypes, rHap) at the proximal promoters of 11 genes encoding components of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. To do this, we subcloned the major rHaps in a vector containing the luciferase reporter gene (pGL3b). These constructs were used in transient transfection assays in three human cell lines (HeLa, Jurkat and JEG3).
We observed that at least 2 rHaps significantly influence the transcriptional activity of a specific allele. These rHaps are associated with genes YWHAB and YWHAQ. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) have identified 2 sites for differential DNA-protein binding with the rHaps of YWHAB. Variability in the level of expression of the genes studied could contribute to interindividual susceptibility to developing cancer, such as childhood leukemia
Pausanias romancier ? Le témoignage du livre IV
No full textPausanias is too often seen as merely the author of "Periegesis" who may be a source of information for present-day historians and archeologists, yet as someone who had little concern for his style and way of writing. Actually, however, Pausanias may be read as a cultivated writer and a keen observer who wanted to diversify his style, ans when his subject permitted, he was an author attracted to the new literary form of his day, the novel.On considère trop Pausanias comme un simple auteur de "Périégèse", à la rigueur source d'informations pour les historiens et les archéologues d'aujourd'hui, mais peu soucieux de son style et de sa manière d'écrire. En réalité il peut être considéré comme un vrai écrivain, désireux de varier son style et très attiré par exemple, quand sa matière le lui permet, par le roman, nouvelle forme littéraire très en vogue à son époque.Auberger Janick. Pausanias romancier ? Le témoignage du livre IV. In: Dialogues d'histoire ancienne, vol. 18, n°1, 1992. pp. 257-280
Mercury in fish from the Upper St. Lawrence River: Temporal and spatial variability and safe consumption rate.
No full textMercury (Hg) levels in fish from the lower Thousand Islands to the Lake St. Francis region of the St. Lawrence River were analyzed over a 20 year period (from 1975 to 1995) by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment as part of the Sport Fish Contaminant Monitoring Program. A general linear model was used to extract temporal trends and spatial variability while correcting the data for fish length. The analysis was done on four species of fish: white sucker (Catostomus commersoni (Lacepeede)) an obligate benthivore, yellow perch (Perca flavescens (Mitchill)) an omnivore, and two piscivores, northern pike (Esox lucius Linneaus) and walleye (Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill)). Fish consumption is the major exposure pathway of Hg to humans. Using current Hg levels, I calculated the safe fish consumption rate. These calculations were based on three reference doses stating the maximum daily exposure of Hg per unit mass of individuals. (Abstract shortened by UMI.
Tribute to a Leading Personality of World Horticultural Science
No full textFollowing the proposal of Academic Council of Horticulture Faculty, the Senate of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca accepted nominee Professor Jules Janick for Doctor Honoris Causa award. The title was awarded in festive ceremony on September 30, 2010. Jules Janick, Professor at Purdue University has a long and distinguished career devoted to horticulture in all its facets. In horticultural research, he has made important advances including the genetics of sex determination including the synthesis of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, fireblight resistance, cleistogamy, cucurbitacins, artemisisin production, anthocyanin pigmentation, as well as in vitro metabolite production from somatic embryos and the production of synthetic seed. In crop improvement, he has been associated with the release of 21 scab-resistant apple cultivars, three pear cultivars with tolerance to fireblight, delayed-bolting arugula, crack resistant tomato, and the first release of a pelargonium cultivar from somaclonal variation. Professor Janick has made contributions to the historical aspects of horticulture and explored the relation of art and horticultural technology with special studies on the iconography of Rubus, Cucurbitaceae, and Solanaceae, opening up a new approach to the study of plant diversity, origins, cultivar evolution, and diversity. Professor Janick has been a prolific author and editor in horticulture. He was the editor of HortScience and editor of the Journal of ASHS. He is the founder and editor of both Horticultural Reviews and Plant Breeding Reviews. Since 2002 he has been the science editor of Chronica Horticulturae (ISHS). Janick has edited and produced six proceedings of New Crops symposia since 1990 that have had a deep impact on new crop information. The development of a new crop website has become a major world resource for information on crops. He is the author of the texts Horticultural Science, Plant Science: An Introduction to World Crops, and the co-editor of a series of monographs on fruit breeding. So far in his career Janick has written or edited 140 volumes, a truly prodigious achievement; he has taught numerous courses in genetics, plant breeding, and horticulture. Professor Janick has become one of the best known personalities of world horticulture. His credo has been that advances in horticulture throughout the centuries represent some of the greatest human accomplishments for the betterment of humanity
Genetic basis for resistance against fruit tree canker in apple
No full textNeonectria ditissima (formerly Neonectria galligena, anamorph Cylindrocarpon heteronema) is the causal agent of fruit tree canker which is regarded as a serious economic problem in horticulture. This fungus causes notable damage to apple trees and it is very important in some regions, especially North western Europe, where it can result in death of spur shoots and branches. Although it occurs in a wide range of temperatures, it is associated with wet weather and climate has an important effect on the geographic distribution. The fungus produces conidia and ascospores, both of which are dispersed and cause infection during prolonged periods of rainy weather. Also, spores produced on the infected wood can act as an infection source in the orchards. The fungus can therefore be introduced into new orchards with infected planting material from other orchards or tree nurseries. Chemical and mechanical control like spraying of fungicides, covering wounds with paint, and cutting out infected branches, do not prevent the occurrence of epidemics. Breeding cultivars with a high level of resistance towards canker would be of great help towards the avoidance of this disease. Apple cultivars show variable levels of partial resistance to the fungus, whereas complete resistance has not yet been reported and no major genes have been identified. Therefore, apple genotypes with comparatively high levels of genetically determined partial resistance should be identified for use in apple breeding
Were Juan Gerson the Illustrator and Gaspar de Torres the Author of the Voynich Codex?
No full textThe bizarre Voynich Codex, discovered in 1912 in Italy by the Polish book dealer Wilfrid Voynich (1864-1930), is written in a coded language with has eluded decipherment despite repeated attempts by world renowned cryptologists. Plant, animal, and mineral identifications as well as iconographic evidence indicate that the Voynich Codex is a 16th century work of New Spain. A typographical ligature based on the initials “JGT” in the first botanical image (folio 1v) suggests that artist was Juan Gerson, Tlacuilo, indigenous painter known for the apocalypse paintings in the monastery Asuncion de Nuestra Senora of Tecamachalco. The name “Gasp. Torres” also embedded in the first botanical image suggests that the author could be Gaspar de Torres, medical doctor, estate lawyer, master of students at the College of Santa Cruz in Tlatelolco from 1568-1572, and Governor of Cuba in 1580. Iconographic similarities between the paintings of Juan Gerson and the Voynich Codex, along with a biography of Gaspar de Torres provide additional support for this conjecture.</jats:p
GEOCHEMISTRY AND OCCURRENCE OF GROUND WATER IN THE ALLEN FLAT BASIN, ARIZONA
No full textRights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author
Die Darstellung der Schweiz im Zweiten Weltkrieg im Schulbuch. Eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse von Geschichtslehrmitteln von 1948 bis 2017
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Selbstdarstellung der Schweiz im Zweiten Weltkrieg in Geschichtslehrmitteln. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand wurde deutschsprachige Geschichtslehrmittel der Schweiz der Stufe Sek 1 gewählt. Der Untersuchungszeitraum streckt sich von Schulbüchern der unmittelbaren Nachkriegszeit bis zu den aktuellsten Lehrmitteln, die 2017 publiziert wurden. Mit der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Philipp Mayring wurden vier themenbezogene Kategorien gebildet: die Flüchtlingspolitik, das Reduit (der militärische Verteidigungsplan der Schweiz), die wirtschaftliche Situation und die Einigkeit und Differenzen im Innern. Anhand dieser Kategorien wurde die Darstellung der Schweiz im Zweiten Weltkrieg untersucht. Die Untersuchung offenbart einen erheblichen Wandel in der Darstellung der Schweiz im Zweiten Weltkrieg um das Jahr 1970. Dieser Wandel wurde mit dem geschichtsdidaktischen Umbruch von 1968 und dem Ende der Geistigen Landesverteidigung in Verbindung gebracht. Bis 1970 wurden die untersuchten Themen monoton und kritiklos beleuchtet. Die Lehrmittel bis 1970 wiedergeben ein Bild einer isolierten und wehrhaften Schweiz. Nach 1970 werden kritische Themen wie die wirtschaftliche Verflechtung mit dem nationalsozialistischen Deutschland oder die harten Massnahmen in der Flüchtlingspolitik behandelt. Dadurch änderte sich die Darstellung der Schweiz grundlegend. Durch Einbezug neuer Erkenntnisse aus der Geschichtswissenschaft deutet sich ebenfalls einen leichten Wandel in den Lehrmitteln nach der Jahrtausendwende an
- …
