1,355,650 research outputs found
Spurio
No full text<p>We have developed the Spurio tool to help identify spurious protein predictions in prokaryotes. Spurio searches the query protein sequence against a prokaryotic nucleotide database using <code>tblastn</code> and identifies homologous sequences. Features of the matches are used to score the query sequences' likelihood to be a spurious protein prediction using a Gaussian process model.</p>
<p>This is a project from the Bateman Lab, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton.</p>
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NEUTRINO TELESCOPES AND HIGH-ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS.
No full textNeutrino astrophysics offers new perspectives on Universe investigation: high-energy neutrinos, produced by the most energetic phenomena in our Galaxy and in the Universe, carry complementary information with respect to photons.
While the small interaction cross-section of neutrinos allows them to come from the core of astrophysical objects, it is also a drawback, as their detection requires a large target mass. This is why it is convenient to place neutrino telescopes in natural locations, like deep underwater or under-ice sites. In order to supply for such extremely hostile environmental conditions, new frontiers technologies are under development. We shortly discuss the motivations for HE neutrino astrophysics; a full and detailed version is reported in T. Chiarusi and M. Spurio, High-Energy Astrophysics with Neutrino Telescopes, arXiv:0906.2634 [astro.ph.HE]
Particles and astrophysics: a multi-messenger approach
No full textThis book is an introduction to “multi-messenger” astrophysics. It covers the many different aspects connecting particle physics with astrophysics and cosmology and introduces astrophysics using numerous experimental findings recently obtained through the study of high-energy particles. Taking a systematic approach, it comprehensively presents experimental aspects from the most advanced laboratories and detectors, as well as the theoretical background. The book is aimed at graduate students and post-graduate researchers with a basic understanding of particle and nuclear physics. It will also be of interest to particle physicists working in accelerator/collider physics who are keen to understand the mechanisms of the largest accelerators in the Universe. The book draws on the extensive lecturing experience of Professor Maurizio Spurio from the University of Bologna
Probes of multimessenger astrophysics: charged cosmic rays, neutrinos, γ-rays and gravitational waves
No full text"I have taught from and enjoyed the first edition of the book. The selection of topics is the best I've seen. Maurizio Spurio gives very clear presentations using a generous amount of observational data. " James Matthews (Louisiana State University) This is the second edition of an introduction to “multi-messenger” astrophysics. It covers the many different aspects connecting particle physics with astrophysics and cosmology and introduces high-energy astrophysics using different probes: the electromagnetic radiation, with techniques developed by traditional astronomy; charged cosmic rays, gamma-rays and neutrinos, with methods developed in high-energy laboratories; and gravitational waves, recently observed using laser interferometers. The book offers a comprehensive and systematic approach to the theoretical background and the experimental aspects of the study of the high-energy universe. The breakthrough discovery of gravitational waves motivated this new edition of the book, to offer a more global and multimessenger vision of high-energy astrophysics. This second edition is updated and enriched with substantial new materials also deriving from the results obtained at the LIGO/Virgo observatories. For the first time it is now possible to draw the connection between gravitational waves, traditional astronomical observations and other probes (in particular, gamma-rays and neutrinos). The book draws on the extensive courses of Professor Maurizio Spurio at the University of Bologna and it is aimed at graduate students and post-graduate researchers with a basic understanding of particle and nuclear physics. It will also be of interest to particle physicists working in accelerator/collider physics who are keen to understand the mechanisms of the largest accelerators in the Universe.
“The Dynamic variable angle hip screw (D.M.S.) vs Gamma Nail in the management of intertrochanteric hip fractures. A comparative prospective study.”
No full textU. Tarantino MD, F. OLIVA MD, A. Impagliazzo MD, A. Mattei MD, G. Cannata MD, G.F. Spurio Pompili MD, N. Maffulli MD, MS, PhD, FRCS(Orth).
“The Dynamic variable angle hip screw (D.M.S.) vs Gamma Nail in the management of intertrochanteric hip fractures. A comparative prospective study.” Disability and Rehabilitation 2005; 27(18-19): 1157 - 116
Results from the ANTARES neutrino telescope
No full textANTARES is the largest neutrino telescope in the Northern hemisphere, running in its final configuration since 2008. After the discovery of a cosmic neutrino diffuse flux by the IceCube detector, the search for its origin has become a key mission in high-energy astrophysics. The ANTARES sensitivity is large enough to constrain the origin of the IceCube excess from regions extended up to 0.2 sr in the Southern sky. The Southern sky has been studied searching for point-like objects, for extended regions of emission (as the Galactic plane) and for signal from transient objects selected through multimessenger observations. Upper limits are presented assuming different spectral indexes for the energy spectrum of neutrino sources. In addition, ANTARES provides results on studies of the sky in combination with different multimessenger experiments, on atmospheric neutrinos, on the searches for rare particles in the cosmic radiation (such as magnetic monopoles and nuclearites), and on Earth and Sea science. Particularly relevant are the searches for Dark Matter: the limits obtained for the spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross section overcome that of existing direct-detection experiments. The recent results, widely discussed in dedicated presentations during the 7th edition of the Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope Workshop (VLVνT-2015), are highlighted in this paper
Particles and Fundamental Interactions: Supplements, Problems and Solutions
No full textThis volume is an exercises and solutions manual that complements the book "Particles and Fundamental Interactions" by Sylvie Braibant, Giorgio Giacomelli, and Maurizio Spurio. It aims to give additional intellectual stimulation for researchers in experimental particle physics. It will be a helpful companion in the preparation of a written examination, but also it provides a means to gaining a deeper understanding of high energy physics. The problems proposed are sometimes true and important research questions, which are described and solved in a step-by-step manner. In addition to the problems and solutions, this book offers fifteen Supplements that give further insight into topical subjects related to particle accelerators, signal and data acquisition systems and computational methods to treat them
Atmospheric MUons from PArametric formulas: a fast GEnerator for neutrino telescopes (MUPAGE)
No full textNeutrino telescopes will open, in the next years, new opportunities in observational high energy astrophysics. In these detectors, atmospheric muons from primary cosmic ray interactions in the
atmosphere play an important role, because they provide the most abundant source of events for calibration and test. On the other side, they represent the major background source. In this paper
a fast Monte Carlo generator (called MUPAGE) of bundles of atmospheric muons for underwater/ice neutrino telescopes is presented. MUPAGE is based on parametric formulas [Y. Becherini, A. Margiotta, M. Sioli, M. Spurio, Astrop. Phys. 25 (2006) 1] obtained from a full Monte Carlo simulation of cosmic ray showers generating muons in bundle, which are propagated down to 5 km w.e. It produces the event kinematics on the surface of a user-defined cylinder, surrounding the virtual detector. The multiplicity of the muons in the bundle, the muon lateral distribution and energy spectrum are simulated according to a specific model of primary cosmic ray flux, with constraints from measurements of the muon flux with underground experiments. As an example of application, the result of the generation of events on a cylindrical surface of ∼1.4 km2 at a depth of 2450 m of water is presented
Del genere felicemente “spurio” del raccontare
No full textAttraverso l'analisi delle ultime produzioni di Camilleri, Malvaldi, Scerbanenco, Orecchio, Bonvicini, Stassi, Tuzzi, Grossi, Righetto, Pesce il saggio conduce il lettore entro le varie modalità di presentare un prodotto nella maniera più accattivante possibile, in linea anche con le mode momentanee del mercato. Ciò che si traduce spesso in una forma di “riduzione” di fronte alle possibili ricchezze dello spurio che affonda le proprie radici invece nella creatività
autoriale. Uno spurio che peraltro mi pare caratterizzare buona parte della narrativa recente, attraendo a sé con forza anche chi invece magari è sin qui classificato in modo tassativo (e si tratta soprattutto del giallo, del thriller e del noir cucinati nelle più differenti situazioni narrative fuori dal proprio genere). E dove lo spurio non sta solo nei generi ma pure nella modalità stessa del raccontare
del raccontar
Gene Unprediction with Spurio: A tool to identify spurious protein sequences
No full textWe now have access to the sequences of tens of millions of proteins. These protein sequences are essential for modern molecular biology and computational biology. The vast majority of protein sequences are derived from gene prediction tools and have no experimental supporting evidence for their translation. Despite the increasing accuracy of gene prediction tools there likely exists a large number of spurious protein predictions in the sequence databases. We have developed the Spurio tool to help identify spurious protein predictions in prokaryotes. Spurio searches the query protein sequence against a prokaryotic nucleotide database using tblastn and identifies homologous sequences. The tblastn matches are used to score the query sequence’s likelihood of being a spurious protein prediction using a Gaussian process model. The most informative feature is the appearance of stop codons within the presumed translation of homologous DNA sequences. Benchmarking shows that the Spurio tool is able to distinguish spurious from true proteins. However, transposon proteins are prone to be predicted as spurious because of the frequency of degraded homologs found in the DNA sequence databases. Our initial experiments suggest that less than 1% of the proteins in the UniProtKB sequence database are likely to be spurious and that Spurio is able to identify over 60 times more spurious proteins than the AntiFam resource. The Spurio software and source code is available under an MIT license at the following URL: https://bitbucket.org/bateman-group/spurio</ns4:p
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