1,720,956 research outputs found
Prisão permanente revisável de 10 anos em diante: ¿É possível o tratamento prisional de pessoas condenadas?
No full textThe revisable life sentence was much-discussed in its origins. Ten years after its introduction and, specially, the STC 169/2021, of October 6, that considers its constitutionality, it seems there is no choice but to accept both, this relevant penal consequence and its penitentiary effects. This paper is a fight against such resignation. First, it reviews the legal conflicts of life sentence with our system of enforcement. Second, it highlights the difficulty of reviewing the imprisonment from an empirical perspective. In this context, and despite its difficulty, some resolution mechanisms are proposed as specific paths for reintegration. We highlight, among others, the application of the flexibility principle and pardons. These, after the interesting STS 846/2024, of October 9. Finally, paradoxical aspects of life imprisonment are highlighted from the perspective of its more practical application. Specifically, in relation to its impact on the female prison population and its relation with previously existing eternal sentences.La prisión permanente revisable fue una pena muy discutida en su origen. Pasados diez años desde su introducción en el CP y establecida su constitucionalidad en STC 169/2021, de 6 de octubre, parece que no queda más opción que aceptarla tanto a ella, como a sus relevantes efectos penitenciarios. El presente trabajo se resiste a ello. En primer lugar, recuerda los choques de carácter jurídico que la pena de prisión permanente protagoniza con nuestro sistema de cumplimiento. En segundo lugar, destaca lo difícil de que se produzca la revisión de la condena desde una perspectiva empírica. En este contexto, y a pesar de su dificultad, se proponen algunos mecanismos de solución a modo de trayectoria específica de reinserción. Destacamos, entre otros, la aplicación del principio de flexibilidad y la tramitación de indultos. Esto último a raíz de la interesante STS 846/2024, de 9 de octubre. Finalmente, se destacan aspectos paradójicos de esta pena desde el punto de vista de su aplicación más práctica. En concreto, en relación a su impacto en la población penitenciaria femenina y su relación con las previamente existentes condenas eternas.La reclusione permanente rivedibile è stata all'inizio una pena molto controversa. A dieci anni dalla sua introduzione nel PC e dalla sua costituzionalità sancita dalla STC 169/2021 del 6 ottobre, sembra che non ci sia altra scelta se non quella di accettare la pena e i suoi effetti penitenziari. Il presente documento vi si oppone. In primo luogo, ricorda i contrasti giuridici che la pena detentiva permanente ha con il nostro sistema di esecuzione. In secondo luogo, mette in evidenza la difficoltà di una revisione della pena da una prospettiva empirica. In questo contesto, e nonostante la sua difficoltà, vengono proposti alcuni meccanismi di soluzione come percorso di reinserimento specifico. Si evidenziano, tra gli altri, l'applicazione del principio di flessibilità e il trattamento degli indulti. Quest'ultimo è il risultato dell'interessante STS 846/2024 del 9 ottobre. Infine, vengono evidenziati gli aspetti paradossali di questa sanzione dal punto di vista della sua applicazione più pratica. In particolare, in relazione al suo impatto sulla popolazione carceraria femminile e al suo rapporto con le pene eterne precedentemente esistenti.A prisão definitiva revisável foi uma pena altamente controversa no início. Dez anos depois de sua introdução no CP e de sua constitucionalidade estabelecida na STC 169/2021, de 6 de outubro, parece que não há outra opção senão aceitá-la e seus efeitos penitenciários relevantes. Este artigo resiste a isso. Em primeiro lugar, ele relembra os conflitos legais que a pena de prisão permanente tem com nosso sistema de execução. Em segundo lugar, destaca a dificuldade da revisão da sentença em uma perspectiva empírica. Nesse contexto, e apesar de sua dificuldade, alguns mecanismos de solução são propostos como um caminho específico de reinserção. Destacamos, entre outros, a aplicação do princípio da flexibilidade e o processamento de perdões. Este último é o resultado da interessante STS 846/2024 de 9 de outubro. Por fim, são destacados aspectos paradoxais dessa penalidade do ponto de vista de sua aplicação mais prática. Especificamente, em relação ao seu impacto sobre a população carcerária feminina e sua relação com as sentenças eternas existentes anteriormente
El sistema penitenciario en la encrucijada: Estado actual y propuestas de futuro tras las últimas reformas penales. Por un papel activo de los Juristas de II.PP.
Get PDFTesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Público y Filosofía Jurídica, Área de Derecho Penal. Fecha de lectura: 06-07-2018Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 06-01-202
Extranjeros en prisión y jurisprudencia europea. La necesaria revisión de la TVR penitenciaria
Get PDFThe important contradiction between the aims of penitentiary rules –that follow the social rehabilitation of all inmates, independent of their nationality– and the specific rules about foreigners –that follow the expulsion of those foreigners that have committed a crime– has been traditionally solved by means of the use of instruments for deportation of foreigners in prison. The recently changed of article 89 Spanish Penal Code is a good example about this tendency. The result is a new instrument for the deportation of foreigners that have committed a crime, without considering their administrative situation and also, in some cases, dealing with European citizens. European Case Law coming from the European Court in Luxembourg, but also the sentences coming from the European Court of Human Rights, are clearly against this situation. On the one hand, we have more and more sentences that state that the national normative that leads to the automatically expulsion of foreigners is against treaties and human rights. On the other hand, these European Courts are developing a flexible concept of root that allows the adaptation to the different and plural situations of the foreigners that have been sentence or are in prison. Spanish legal and administrative practices have not adapted themselves to this evolution. The actuarial instrument of the Spanish penitentiary administration, the so called tabla de variables de riesgo (TVR), is a good example of it. This paper tries to expose the global situation of this contradictions and makes some proposals to solve it.La evidente contradicción de fines entre la norma penitenciaria –tendente a la reinserción de quien ha delinquido con independencia de su nacionalidad– y la de extranjería –tendente a la expulsión del extranjero que ha cometido un delito– se ha venido resolviendo tradicionalmente mediante instrumentos normativos que permiten la expulsión cuasi automática de quien no siendo nacional español, incurre en alguno de los tipos previstos en nuestro CP. Como máximo exponente de ello, destaca especialmente el artículo 89 del CP, que, tras la reforma realizada por LO 1/2015, permite expulsar a los extranjeros con independencia de su situación administrativa, incluso, en determinados casos, a quienes pertenecen a la UE. La evolución de la jurisprudencia europea en esta materia, tanto del ámbito específico de la UE, como la propia del Consejo de Europa, camina en sentido contrario a la normativa española. Cada vez más, se interpretan como contrarias a los tratados y a los derechos humanos más básicos las normas que fomentan la expulsión sin tener en cuenta las circunstancias de arraigo del extranjero. A la vez, cada vez más, este concepto de arraigo se está perfilando como un concepto amplio y flexible adaptado a las múltiples circunstancias vitales que a lo largo de la vida se presentan. Ni la normativa española, ni los instrumentos de ejecución con que cuentan los operadores jurídicos se han adaptado a esta interesante e innovadora evolución jurisprudencial. La tabla de variables de riesgo (TVR) penitenciaria, determinante para la concesión de permisos, es un claro ejemplo de la imperiosa necesidad de cambio en este ámbito fundamental de actuación pública. El presente trabajo expone la situación descrita y realiza algunas propuestas de cambio que permitirían caminar en el sentido que los máximos órganos de interpretación nos vienen reclamando
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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