35 research outputs found
Isolation and Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria from the Leaves of Carica papaya L.
No full textEndophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves of Carica papaya L. (papaya). The leaf samples were collected from the Campus of University of Mandalay. This experiment was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Mandalay from December 2017 to August 2018. The six bacterial strains, TS 1 - TS 6 were isolated and characterized based on their colony morphology and biochemical tests. Each of isolates was characterized by the morphological characters (shape, colony, colour, cell size, gram staining, aerobic growth and motility) and biochemical tests (catalase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, lysine decarboxylase, urea hydrolysis, sugar fermentation such as dextrose, glucose, manitol and sucrose, citrate utilization, methyl red, triple sugar iron (TSI) and nitrate reduction) were carried out. The isolated bacteria were confirmed TS 1 as Mycobacterium sp., TS 2 as Bacillus sp., TS 3 as Staphylococcus sp., TS 4 as Micrococcus sp. TS 5 as Streptococcus sp. and TS 6 as Enterobacter sp.
Server Load Balancing in Software Defined Networking
No full textSoftware Defined Networking (SDN) is thenew emerging field in the era of informationtechnology. The SDN is more flexible andprogrammable than the traditional network. The oneof the important usages of SDN is the server loadbalancing strategy. The load on the servers isincreasing as day by day with the internet usage.Therefore, there is a need to balance these load onservers in order to provide efficient services to endusers without any delay. In our proposed system,Random, Round Robin and Weighted Round Robinload balancing strategies are implemented using anOpenFlow switch connected to a POX controller thatare based on python in SD
THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS TEACHING IN FINAL-YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS
No full textThe World Federation of Medical Education encourages the teaching of generic skills including communication skills, together with technical skill training in medical schools. Medical Universities in Myanmar started teaching communication skills as a formal content in the curriculum five years ago. But it was included in the assessment as an Objectively Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) station, starting only from 2012. The underlying philosophy is that improving the communication between doctor and patient will improve the ability to gather the information needed to solve the problems of a particular patient and in presenting the formulated problem list and management plan. The aim of this study is to determine the pass rate of the Communication Skills (CS) station and association between communication skills score and Objectively Structured Long-case Assessment Record (OSLAR) score. It was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study analyzing the scores of the last three completion tests of 363 final-year medical students, in University of Medicine 2, in Yangon, Myanmar.In the communication skills station, 290 out of 363 (79.9%) passed. For OSLAR, the pass rate was 288 out of 363 (79.3%), and for OSCE it was 279 out of 363 (76.9%). There was a significant association between passing communication skills and OSLAR (? 2 = 10.2, p = .001). Especially, there was correlation between the history taking part of OSLAR scores and CS scores (r = .257, p = 0.000). To test whether it was because of the phenomenon that good students will pass whatever station it is and poor students will fail, association between communication skills score and OSCE (the station where the students do not need to speak and are tested for manual skills only) was analyzed. There was no association between those two skill stations
Challenges of Tourism Business in Dawei (2019-2022)
No full textAbstract
Dawei is the capital of Tanintharyi Region. It is situated in southeastern part of Myanmar. Dawei has natural values such as landscape, scenery, seascape and beaches and so on. This research paper focuses on the challenges of tourism business in Dawei area from the geographical point of view. The main aim is to give suggestions for tourism development in Dawei Area. The objectives of this paper are to assess the present situation of tourist industry in the study area, to examine the challenges of tourism related local business in Dawei, and to examine the basic requirements for tourism development. In order to achieve these objectives, both primary and secondary data were generated through qualitative and quantitative methods. Both quantitative and qualitative Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources through questionnaire, interviews, focus group interviews and document review. Data gathered through questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage). The research reveals the basic requirements for tourism development and the challenges of tourism related local business in the study area. The decreased tourist arrival rate, local infrastructure problems, lack of job opportunities, lack of funds and lack of technology were identified as challenges of tourism related to local businesses in the study. The results can be applied for local and regional development by reducing the barriers of local people
The Taninthayi Nature Reserve Project as a Model of Compensation of Impacts to Biodiversity
No full textANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS OF UNITED STATES AGAINST CHINA
No full textNowadays the world is facing not only Covid 19 pandemic but also the trade war between the two largest economy countries such as United States and China. In this article, the effectiveness of the economic sanctions of United States against China is analyzed and understanding of the rise of China throughout the years is written. There will be effect on the other countries such as Myanmar because of the US economic sanctions against China. The author analyzes the effectiveness of economic sanction by using the facts from internet resources and author's opinion. International Monetary Fund (IMF) said that the world's economy is slowing down because of trade war. But we could not see that clearly. The world's economy is also hit by Covid 19 pandemic. The result showed a small effect on China and there will no Win-Lose situation
Gastrointestinal parasite infection and the first molecular detection of strongyle infection in cattle of the Ayeyarwaddy Division, Myanmar
No full textBackground:
Gastrointestinal parasites (GI) are a group of pathogens that infect the digestive tract of a wide range of animals and cause significant infections in cattle worldwide. Nematodes at the order level Strongylida have the highest prevalence in livestock farming. In Myanmar, cattle production plays a critical role in the rural lifestyle. However, baseline data on GI parasitic infection in cattle from Myanmar remain scarce.
Aim:
This study is the first report to identify the most abundant GI parasites in cattle from this country using microscopic identification, followed by species identification of egg-positive samples through molecular methods targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.
Methods:
A total of 219 cattle were involved in this cross-sectional study. Fecal flotation and formalin-ether centrifugal sedimentation techniques were used for conventional microscopic analysis. A fragment of the ITS gene was analyzed genetically in five samples identified as single-species infections.
Results:
Microscopy revealed an overall infection rate of 79.5% with intestinal parasites. Regarding results, strongyles were the most frequently detected parasites, followed by Eimeria spp. and Toxocara spp. Concretely, two species from the family Trichostrongylidae were found in the study area, Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis.
Conclusion:
This study provides the first molecular evidence of GI parasites in cattle in Myanmar, highlighting the high risk of parasitic infections in this area. Molecular analysis of five samples showed single-species infections: four with H. contortus and one with T. colubriformis, both likely widespread and dominant in Myanmar. These findings suggest that cattle may contribute to local transmission. The high prevalence underscores the necessity for sustained surveillance, implementation of effective control strategies, intersectoral collaboration between veterinary and public health authorities, and enhancement of public awareness to prevent and manage significant GI parasitic infections in Myanmar. [Open Vet. J. 2025; 15(6.000): 2682-2692
Investigation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Bogalay Township, Myanmar in 1999
No full textInvestigation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Bogalay Township, Myanmar in 1999
No full textAn investigation was in Nyi-naung-wa village, Bogalay township for Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection and the possibility of a JE outbreak. JE virus antibody was determined among the pigs and the people living near the pig farms in that village and at an adjacent village as a control. The known JE virus vector Culex mosquito species were also identified in both villages. Haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) methods were used for the detectioon of JE and dengue antibodies. Homotypic or monotypic JE antibodies were detected in 33% of the pigs tested. No homotypic nor monotypic JE antibodis was detected among the villagers. Although there was no JE virus infection among the people, because of the presence of JE virus infection among the pigs and the presence of Culex mosquito vector in that area, the possibility of a JE outbreak in humans in that area, if the number of pig breeding per household increase and the mosquito density become higher is discussed.熱帯医学 Tropical medicine 42(2). p47-52, 2000departmental bulletin pape
Investigation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection in Bogalay Township, Myanmar in 1999
No full textAn investigation was in Nyi-naung-wa village, Bogalay township for Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection and the possibility of a JE outbreak. JE virus antibody was determined among the pigs and the people living near the pig farms in that village and at an adjacent village as a control. The known JE virus vector Culex mosquito species were also identified in both villages. Haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) methods were used for the detectioon of JE and dengue antibodies. Homotypic or monotypic JE antibodies were detected in 33% of the pigs tested. No homotypic nor monotypic JE antibodis was detected among the villagers. Although there was no JE virus infection among the people, because of the presence of JE virus infection among the pigs and the presence of Culex mosquito vector in that area, the possibility of a JE outbreak in humans in that area, if the number of pig breeding per household increase and the mosquito density become higher is discussed
