1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Marital Dissolution and Child Educational Outcomes in San Borja, Bolivia
Get PDFPurpose: Serial monogamy is likely an adaptive mating strategy for women when the expected future fitness gains with a different partner are greater than expected future fitness with one’s current partner.
Methods: Using interview data from over 400 women in San Borja, Bolivia, discrete-time event history analyses and random effects regression analyses are conducted to examine predictors of marital dissolution, separated by remarriage status, and child educational outcomes.
Results: Male income is inversely associated with women’s risk of ‘divorce and remarriage’, while female income is positively associated with women’s risk of ‘divorce, but not remarriage’. Children of women who ‘divorce and remarry’ tend to have significantly lower educational outcomes than children of married parents, but women with higher incomes are able to buffer their children from the negative educational outcomes of divorce and remarriage. Counter to predictions, there is no evidence that women with kin in the community have a significant difference in likelihood of divorce or a buffering effect of child outcomes.
Conclusions: In conclusion, there are different predictors of divorce depending on whether the woman goes on to remarry, suggesting that male income may be a better predictor of a serial monogamy strategy, while female income predicts marital dissolution only. These results suggest that women who are relatively autonomous because of greater income may not benefit from remarriage
Testing Hypotheses of the Demographic Transition in San Borja, Bolivia
Get PDFUnderstanding the demographic transition, a trend in which fertility drops after a period of population growth, has been an important area of anthropological and demographic research. This dissertation seeks to understand fertility change by testing five models that have been presented in the literature. The predictions that are unique to each hypothesis are tested in San Borja, Bolivia, a community currently undergoing a fertility transition. Low modern fertility seems counter-intuitive given the increase of individual wealth, but there have not been sufficient tests to lead to an understanding of why this occurs.
Informational hypotheses explain fertility transition as a change in information. People today have more information about and access to contraceptives, allowing them to control their fertility (known as the Contraceptive Knowledge Hypothesis). Once certain individuals begin to change their fertility strategies, these preferences can propagate through the population by means of social diffusion (referred to as Diffusion Theory). Economic models explain fertility change as a shift in the cost of children (Wealth Flows Hypothesis) or the impact of more job opportunities for women resulting in higher opportunity costs for having children (Female Labor Force Theory). Finally, evolutionary models explain fertility transition as a shift in the emphasis of producing quality offspring in response to a competitive labor market which motivates highly-skilled parents to invest greatly in themselves and their offspring, leading to higher levels of education and reduced fertility (Embodied Capital Theory). These models are evaluated by their ability to predict age of first birth, the rates of progression to each subsequent birth (for example, the progression from 2 to 3 children), their predicted causal pathway and finally, total fertility. Taken together, the results show support for a dual model including the Contraceptive Knowledge Hypothesis and the Embodied Capital Theory.University of New Mexico's Research and Allocations Committee, Office of Graduate Studies' Research Project and Travel GrantAnthropologyDoctoralUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of AnthropologyKaplan, HillardLancaster, JaneBaker, JackSear, Rebecc
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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