117,331 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Forearm training attenuates sympathetic responses to prolonged rhythmic forearm exercise
No full text Sinoway, Lawrence, Jeffrey Shenberger, Gretchen Leaman, Robert Zelis, Kristen Gray, Robert Baily, and Urs Leuenberger.Forearm training attenuates sympathetic responses to prolonged rhythmic forearm exercise. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1778–1784, 1996.—We previously demonstrated that nonfatiguing rhythmic forearm exercise at 25% maximal voluntary contraction (12 2-s contractions/min) evokes sympathoexcitation without significant engagement of metabolite-sensitive muscle afferents (B. A. Batman, J. C. Hardy, U. A. Leuenberger, M. B. Smith, Q. X. Yang, and L. I. Sinoway. J. Appl. Physiol. 76: 1077–1081, 1994). This is in contrast to the sympathetic nervous system responses observed during fatiguing static forearm exercise where metabolite-sensitive afferents are the key determinants of sympathetic activation. In this report we examined whether forearm exercise training would attenuate sympathetic nervous system responses to rhythmic forearm exercise. We measured heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography), plasma norepinephrine (NE), and NE spillover and clearance (tritiated NE kinetics) during nonfatiguing rhythmic forearm exercise before and after a 4-wk unilateral forearm training paradigm. Training had no effect on forearm mass, maximal voluntary contraction, or heart rate but did attenuate the increase in MAP (increase in MAP: from 15.2 ± 1.8 before training to 11.4 ± 1.4 mmHg after training; P < 0.017), muscle sympathetic nerve activity (increase in bursts: from 10.8 ± 1.4 before training to 6.2 ± 1.1 bursts/min after training; P < 0.030), and the NE spillover (increase in arterial spillover: from 1.3 ± 0.2 before training to 0.6 ± 0.2 nmol ⋅ min−1 ⋅ m−2after training, P < 0.014; increase in venous spillover: from 2.0 ± 0.6 before training to 1.0 ± 0.5 nmol ⋅ min−1 ⋅ m−2after training, P < 0.037) seen in response to exercise performed by the trained forearm. Thus forearm training reduces sympathetic responses during a nonfatiguing rhythmic handgrip paradigm that does not engage muscle metaboreceptors. We speculate that this effect is due to a conditioning-induced reduction in mechanically sensitive muscle afferent discharge. </jats:p
Sarah L. Blum Author Visit - Warrior Nurse: PTSD and Healing
No full textHear Sarah L. Blum, author of Women Under Fire: Abuse in the Military, discuss her newest book, Warrior Nurse: PTSD and Healing followed by a Q&A and book signing.
Sarah L. Blum is a decorated Vietnam veteran who served as an operating room nurse during the intense fighting of 1967. In recognition of her service, she was awarded the Army Commendation Medal.
Sponsored by CWU Veterans Center and CWU Libraries.https://digitalcommons.cwu.edu/libraryevents/1252/thumbnail.jp
Lillian L. Lambert, Author, Speaker, and Entrepreneur
No full textLillian L. Lambert, Author, Speaker, and Entrepreneu
Letter to Alfred L. Shoemaker, February 10, 1948
No full textA handwritten letter from an unknown author addressed to Alfred L. Shoemaker, dated February 10, 1948. Within, the author discusses the Pennsylvania Dutch word for Ash Wednesday, along with traditions associated with this day.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/shoemaker_documents/1118/thumbnail.jp
Ketorolac Attenuates the Blood Pressure Response to Plantar Flexion Exercise in Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients
No full textMuller, M., Drew R., Heffernan, M., Blaha C., Sinoway, L. Penn State Hershey Heart and Vascular Institute, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
Prostaglandins are produced during skeletal muscle contraction and subsequently stimulate muscle afferent nerves, thereby contributing to the exercise pressor reflex (EPR). Humans with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) have an augmented EPR but the metabolite(s) responsible for this augmented response are not known. Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that intravenous infusion of ketorolac (a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor that reduces prostaglandins) would attenuate the rise in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in response to low-intensity plantar flexion exercise in humans with PAD. Methods: Six PAD patients underwent four minutes of one-legged rhythmic plantar flexion (30 contractions/min) in the supine posture. The workload began at 0.5 kg and progressed by 0.5 kg each minute. The leg with more severe PAD was always tested first, followed by a rest period and then the opposite leg. MAP and HR were measured on a beat-by-beat basis; changes from baseline in response to exercise were determined. Rating of perceived exertion (6-20) and leg pain (0-10) were also obtained. Results: Ketorolac did not affect resting MAP (97 ± 3 versus 94 ± 4 mmHg) or HR (58 ± 2 versus 55 ± 2 bpm). During the first 20 seconds of exercise with the most diseased leg, ΔMAP was significantly attenuated with ketorolac (2 ± 2 mmHg) as compared to control (8 ± 2 mmHg, P = 0.017) but ΔHR was similar (7 ± 2 versus 6 ± 1 bpm). During the second and third minutes of exercise, ΔMAP was also significantly attenuated under ketorolac. The less diseased leg displayed similar results. Importantly, subjects rated the exercise bout as “very light” to “fairly light” and average pain ratings were 1 out of 10. Neither perceived exertion nor pain ratings were altered by ketorolac. Conclusions: These data indicate that prostaglandins contribute to the augmented EPR in patients with PAD. Because this response occurred at very low workloads, we speculate that muscle mechanoreceptors are sensitized by cycolooxyegnase products under conditions of chronic limb ischemia.
Supported by NIH P01 HL096570 and UL1 TR00012
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