1,720,979 research outputs found
Stated car choices in Norway and Italy: a comparison based on the integrated choice and latent variable model
Full text linkThe study investigates whether the large difference in battery electric vehicle (BEV) uptake between Norway and Italy could be explained by differences in car buyers’ preference structures, either in terms of their evaluation of the vehicles’ characteristics or in terms of their perceptions\attitudes towards BEVs. Based on stated preference data collected in the two countries, we find that car drivers evaluate vehicle attributes very similarly. Norwegians value BEV driving range slightly more and are more sensitive to fuel\electricity costs. Ceteris paribus, Italian
respondents, in contrast to Norwegian ones, still prefer petrol cars to BEVs. The results of the integrated choice and latent variable (ICLV) model indicate that respondents’ perceptions\attitudes influence car choice in both countries. In Norway, BEVs are preferred by those who view them as economically, environmentally, technically, and morally superior. In Italy, the evidence is similar but for the environmental aspects, which are not decisive for BEV choice. Such perceptions\attitudes are correlated with age, sex, and BEV density
Car choice determinants in Italy and Norway: A comparison based on revealed and stated choices
Full text linkNorway is the leading country in electric car adoption in the world, while in Italy electric cars are only recently gaining acceptance. We compared car choices in the two countries highlighting commonalities and differences in the choice determinants, distinguishing between the small and the large car segment. We analyzed actual choices made in the real-world conditions and stated choices under hypothetical scenarios. The comparison between the preference structures of the two countries shows important differences when the revealed preference dataset is analyzed, while the differences are much reduced with the stated preference dataset. All in all, we feel that the two countries present only differences associated with longer car driving habits of the Norwegian drivers, the higher percentage of large cars in Norway, and the more developed public charging infrastructure. Since the supply of cars is quite similar, such a consideration leads us to believe that the huge discrepancy in electric car uptake is mainly due to the different car policies adopted in the two countries. The evolution of the policy setting and of the technology will determine whether Italy will follow the Norwegian model of gradual BEV uptake.publishedVersio
How Do Attitudes, Personality Traits, and Driver Behaviors Relate To Pedestrian Behaviors?: a Turkish Case
No full textObjective: The present study aimed to investigate the role of pedestrian attitudes and personality traits (social conformity and empathy) on pedestrian behaviors in a Turkish sample. An equally important aim of the study was to examine the association between pedestrian and driver behaviors. Method: The sample included 289 road users including pedestrians and drivers (169 females and 120 males). The participants' age ranged from 15 to 78years (M = 32.00, SD = 13.89). Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A regression analysis showed that increased age, high level of satisfaction with traffic infrastructure and environment, safer attitudes toward pedestrian violations, and empathy were negatively related to risky pedestrian behaviors, whereas social conformity was positively related. Attitudes were the strongest predictor of pedestrian behaviors. In addition, bivariate correlation analysis showed that all dimensions of pedestrian and driver behaviors were positively correlated with each other, which indicates that a tendency to take risks remains the same regardless of the road user role (i.e., driver vs. pedestrian). Conclusions: Attitudes are strong predictors of pedestrian behaviors. A tendency to take risks as a pedestrian and as a driver is correlated. Results are discussed for their implications to traffic safety campaigns targeting increased pedestrian safety
The Role of Cultural Factors and Attitudes for Pedestrian Behaviour in an Urban Turkish Sample
No full textThere is a limited number of studies that examine the role of cultural factors and attitudes related to pedestrian behaviour. The aim of this study was to explore the role of cultural variables (i.e. vertical and horizontal collectivism, and individualism, as well as uncertainty avoidance) and attitudes towards pedestrian safety for reported risk-taking pedestrian behaviour in a sample of urban Turkish road users. An additional aim was to test whether the cultural factors had mediated relations to pedestrian behaviour through attitudes towards pedestrian safety. The results are based on an urban Turkish sample (n = 289, response rate = 64%) established in Izmir and Istanbul. The sample consisted of 169 females and 120 males. Their age ranged from 15 to 78 years (M = 32.00, SD = 13.89). A regression analysis showed that the cultural factors added to the explained variance of risky pedestrian behaviour above demographic and exposure-relevant control variables as well as attitudes towards pedestrian safety. Structural Equation Modeling showed that a mediated model had good fit and explained about 60% of the variance in attitudes towards pedestrian safety and 24% in pedestrian behaviour. Within this model, vertical collectivism related to lower levels of pedestrian risk-taking behaviour, while horizontal collectivism was related to higher levels of risk-taking behaviour. As expected, safe attitudes were related to lower levels of risk-taking pedestrian behaviour. The results are discussed in relation to hierarchy and authority orientations facilitated by the specific cultural factors and how such tendencies may relate to pedestrian risk-taking behaviour. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Why Turks do not use seat belts? An interview study
No full textDespite the effectiveness of seat belt use and legislation, seat belt use rate is low in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the motives to use and not to use a seat belt in different traveling conditions in a sample of car drivers and passengers. Interviews were made face to face with 221 interviewees from different age and occupation groups. Frequently reported reasons for using a seat belt were traveling conditions, safety, situational conditions, habit of using a seat belt, and avoiding punishment. Frequently reported reasons for not using a seat belt were situational conditions, not believing in the effectiveness, discomfort and having no habit. Safety was the strongest predictor of reported seat belt use in both low and high risk traveling conditions. Findings suggest that seat belt campaigns should mainly emphasize seat belt's safety impact and aim at habit formation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Empathy, Conformity, and Cultural Factors Related To Aberrant Driving Behaviour in a Sample of Urban Turkish Drivers
No full textFew previous studies using the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire examined the link between reported driver behaviour, social influence and cultural factors. The aim of this study is to examine the role of empathy and conformity traits, as well as cultural individualism/collectivism and uncertainty avoidance, for aberrant driving behaviours in a sample of Turkish urban drivers. This questionnaire survey is based on a sample consisting of 179 drivers obtained in Izmir and Istanbul. Results showed that the traits and cultural factors were associated with driving violations and errors. The ability to conceive the emotions of others (empathy) was related to lower levels of reported driving errors and violations, whereas a tendency to amend behaviour in line with behaviour of others (conformity) was related to higher levels. Avoiding uncertainty also had a relation to more reported error conduct. Vertical individualism (striving to be distinct and for social status) was associated with higher levels of driving errors and violations, While vertical collectivism (striving for social equality and hierarchy) was related to lower levels of driving violations. The findings highlight the social pressure from other drivers to commit driving violations, and suggest that interventions aimed at reducing aberrant driving behaviours in urban Turkish settings should focus on increasing drivers' resistance to this pressure. Interventions may also benefit by stressing a more compromising and collaborative driving approach, educating drivers in stress management, and targeting specific groups and types of violations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Environmental and Psychosocial Factors Affecting Seat Belt Use Among Turkish Front-Seat Occupants in Ankara: Two Observation Studies
No full textObjective. Low seat belt use rate among car occupants is one of the main problems contributing to low driver and passenger safety in Turkey, where injury and fatality rates of car occupants are very high in traffic crashes. The present article consists of two observation studies, which were conducted in Ankara. The first study aimed at investigating environmental factors and occupant characteristics affecting seat belt use among front-seat occupants, and the objective of the second study was to investigate the relationship between driver and front-seat passenger seat belt use
Socio-demographic characteristics, psychological factors and knowledge related to electric car use : A comparison between electric and conventional car drivers
Full text linkAuthor's accepted version (post-print).Available from 04/04/2020.Increasing number of drivers are using electric cars either as their main or additional car. It is important to make a distinction between sole electric car drivers and drivers of both an electric and a conventional car to understand whether determinants of electric car use differ across these sub-groups. The main aim of the present study was to make comparisons among owners of sole electric car, both electric and conventional cars, and sole conventional car for demographic characteristics, travel mode use, psychological factors and knowledge related to electric car use in a Norwegian sample of car drivers. In addition, factors that predict type of car/s (electric, conventional or both electric and conventional) owned by the drivers were investigated. An online survey, with a response rate of 11%, was used to collect data from 663 Norwegian car drivers including both electric and conventional car drivers. The MANCOVA results showed that the most substantial differences in the measured constructs were between the sole electric car owners and the sole conventional car owners, whereas there were fewer differences between those who only own an electric car and those who own both an electric and a conventional car. Compared to the conventional car owners, electric car owners were younger and had a higher education and income level, and they reported more car use and higher level of knowledge about electric cars. In addition, electric car owners agreed with the positive attributes of electric cars more and reported higher level of personal norm, ascription of responsibility and awareness of consequences related to effects of car use to the environment. Finally, multinomial logistic regression results showed that attributes of electric cars were the strongest group of variables that increased probability of electric car ownership.acceptedVersio
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