269 research outputs found
Forbidden to forbid: Nanni Balestrini and the poetics of opposition
No full textreservedQuesta ricerca, allo scopo di esplorare le maggiori linee di tensione della poetica di Nanni Balestrini, si concentra sopratutto sul rapporto fra poesia e impegno civile. Balestrini tenta una forzatura degli schemi più opprimenti della tradizione: a livello metrico, stilistico, linguistico, ma anche a livello sociale e politico, le convenzioni e le strutture vengono superate a favore di una Musa che sia rivoluzione, utopia, sovvertimento.
L’analisi condotta si apre con un affondo al contesto storico-politico della Prima Repubblica, cui segue un generale inquadramento del panorama critico-letterario di ispirazione marxista, dove diverse voci fanno la loro comparsa nella serrata ricerca del nesso da stabilire fra un certo tipo di produzione letteraria e il particolare contesto politico-sociale entro cui questa letteratura si produce. Ne è un esempio il Gruppo 63, nel quale Balestrini opera, animato da una fervida volontà di istituire, a livello ora editoriale ora letterario, un’insanabile rottura con il sistema borghese e capitalistico verso cui tendeva parte dell’intellettualità italiana e non solo.
Chiarito l’intento del gruppo neoavanguardista, si passa all’analisi più approfondita della produzione poetica di Nanni Balestrini. Il rifiuto dell’omologazione, del linguaggio borghese e delle logiche gerarchiche messe in campo anche, e sopratutto, nel sistema linguistico entro cui ci muoviamo, è lo spunto di partenza per la costruzione di delle strutture poetiche sovra-logiche, in cui il senso ultimo non è unico, bensì plurimo, multiforme, polifonico. Per fare ciò, il neoavanguardista le sperimenta tutte: prove di poesia elettronica, acustica e visiva; disarticolazione del nesso sintassi-semantica; costruzione per montaggi, cut-up, fold-in; il tutto perorato da una costante tematica politica esplorata ad ogni livello di composizione. L’intento allora di questa analisi è quello di stabilire e ricercare il nodo politico-impegnato che invade le pagine di questo autore, per dimostrare come la produzione balestriniana sia intrisa di questa componente, che non si esaurisce dunque nel fenomeno sessantottino.In order to explore the major lines of tension in Nanni Balestrini's poetics, this research focuses above all on the relationship between poetry and civil commitment. Balestrini attempts a forcing of the most oppressive schemes of tradition: on a metric, stylistic and linguistic level, but also on a social and political level, conventions and structures are overcome in favour of a Muse that is revolution, utopia, subversion.
The analysis conducted opens with a lunge at the historical-political context of the First Republic, which is followed by a general framing of the critical-literary panorama of Marxist inspiration, where various voices make their appearance in the tight search for the connection to be established between a certain type of literary production and the particular political-social context within which this literature is produced. An example of this is Gruppo 63, in which Balestrini operates, animated by a fervent desire to establish, at the editorial and literary level, an irremediable break with the bourgeois and capitalist system towards which part of Italian intellectuality and not only was tending.
Having clarified the intent of the neo-avant-garde group, we move on to a deeper analysis of Nanni Balestrini's poetic production. The refusal of homologation, of bourgeois language and the hierarchical logics put into play also, and above all, in the linguistic system within which we move, is the starting point for the construction of supra-logical poetic structures, in which the ultimate meaning is not unique, but rather multiple, multiform, polyphonic. In order to do this, the neo-avant-gardist experiments with them all: electronic, acoustic and visual poetry tests; disarticulation of the syntax-semantic nexus; construction by montages, cut-ups, fold-ins; all permeated by a constant political theme explored at every level of composition. The intent, then, of this analysis is to establish and research the political-commitment knot that invades the pages of this author, in order to demonstrate how Balestrini's production is imbued with this component, which therefore does not end with the 1968 phenomenon
Molecular pathogenesis of thyroid nodules and cancer
No full textTumours derived from the thyroid follicular epithelium represent an informative model for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of multistage tumourigenesis, which is the prevailing theory on cancer development and progression nowadays. The early stages of thyroid tumour development appear to be the consequence of the activation or 'de novo' expression of several proto-oncogenes or growth factor receptors, such as ras, ret, NTRK, met, gsp and the thyrotropin (TSH) receptor. Alterations in the expression pattern of these genes are associated with the development of differentiated neoplasms, ranging from benign toxic adenomas (gsp and TSH receptor), to follicular (ras) and papillary (ret/PTC, NTRK, met) carcinomas. They may all be considered to be early events of thyroid cell transformation and, for some, experimental evidence derived from gene transfer studies supports this hypothesis. Alterations in tumour suppressor genes (p53, Rb) are associated instead with the most aggressive and poorly differentiated forms of thyroid cancer, indicating that, in the thyroid tumourigenic process, they represent late genetic events. Specific environmental factors (iodine deficiency, ionizing radiations) have been shown to play a crucial role in promoting the development of thyroid cancer, influencing both its genotypic and phenotypic features. Interestingly, a high percentage of genetic lesions causing thyroid cancer originate from gene rearrangements and chromosomal translocations (ret/PTC, NTRK, Pax-8/PPARgamma) a finding which, being a rare event in most epithelial tumours, makes the molecular pathogenesis of thyroid cancer unique. The uninterrupted flow of information on the molecular genetics of thyroid nodules and cancer will broaden the correlation between genotype and phenotype and will also provide important information for the development of more accurate preoperative diagnostic tools and more efficient treatment choices for the different forms of thyroid cancer
Wild-type but not mutant androgen receptor inhibits expression of the hTERT telomerase subunit: a novel role of AR mutation for prostate cancer development
No full textAndrogens play a central role in prostate development and prostate cancer proliferation. Induction of telomerase is an early event in prostate carcinogenesis and is considered as a marker for both primary tumors and metastases. Interestingly, several reports suggest that telomerase activity is regulated by androgens in vivo. Here, we show that the wild-type (WT) human androgen receptor (AR) inhibits the expression of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and telomerase activity via inhibition of hTERT promoter activity in the presence of androgen receptor agonists. However, pure androgen antagonists failed to repress hTERT transcription. The androgen-mediated repression of hTERT is abrogated in a human prostate cancer cell line exhibiting hormone-dependent growth, which expresses a mutant AR (T877A) frequently occurring in prostate cancer. We reveal that this single amino acid exchange is sufficient for the lack of transrepression. Interestingly, chromatin immunoprecipitation data suggest that, in contrast to the WT AR, the mutant AR is recruited less efficiently to the hTERT promoter in vivo, indicating that loss of transrepression results from reduced chromatin recruitment. Thus, our findings suggest that the WT AR inhibits expression of hTERT, which is indicative of a protective mechanism, whereas the T877A mutation of AR not only broadens the ligand spectrum of the receptor but abrogates this inhibitory mechanism in prostate cancer cells. This novel role of AR mutations in prostate cancer development suggests the benefit to a search for new AR antagonists that inhibit transactivation but allow transrepression
L’allestimento del Centro Visite “M. Ceccarelli” dal 2010 al 2020
No full textAllestimento: Studio Andrea Fantini.
Grafica: Silvana Vialli.
Contenuti dei pannelli: Roberto Ambrosini, Jan Brand, Claudio Bortolotti, Viviana Casasola, Rossella
Cassano, Luigina Feretti, Andrea Giannetti, Marcello Giroletti, Daria Guidetti, Elisabetta Liuzzo, Nuria
Marcelino, Marcella Massardi, Arturo Mignano, Jader Monari, Giovanni Naldi, Mauro Nanni, Monia
Negusini, Alessandro Orfei, Andrea Orlati, Rosita Paladino, Stefano Parisini, Federico Perini, Marco Poloni,
Isabella Prandoni, Simona Righini, Mauro Roma, Pierguido Sarti, Carlo Stanghellini, Stefania Varano, Tiziana
Venturi, Alessandra Zanichelli.
Revisione dei testi in lingua inglese: John B. Stephen.
Realizzazione e contenuti exhibit: Marco Bartolini, Claudio Bortolotti, Adelmo Eliogabili, Andrea Fantini,
Franco Fiocchi, Loretta Gregorini, Jader Monari, Mauro Nanni, Marco Poloni, Roberto Ricci, Simona Righini,
Juri Roda, Mauro Roma, Marco Schiaffino, Franco Tinarelli, Goliardo Tomassetti, Marco Tugnoli, Stefania
Varano, Alessandra Zanichelli.
Revisione del Rapporto Tecnico: Marisa Brienza.Il presente report illustra le modifiche e le variazioni intervenute all’allestimento del Centro Visite “Marcello Ceccarelli” negli anni dal 2010, data del report n. 433/10 descrittivo dello stato dell’arte a oggi, in riferimento alle necessità che sono state evidenziate in fase di autovalutazione e valutazione da parte del pubblico. Viene presentato il progetto per l’allestimento implementato nel 2014 e sono illustrate anche le prime valutazioni sul nuovo assetto dell’esposizione
Anacardic acid and thyroid hormone enhance cardiomyocytes production from undifferentiated mouse ES cells along functionally distinct pathways
No full textThe epigenetics of early commitment to embryonal cardiomyocyte is poorly understood. In this work, we compared the effect of thyroid hormone and that of anacardic acid, a naturally occurring histone acetylase inhibitor, or both in combination, on mouse embryonic stem cells (mES) differentiating into embryonal cardiomyocyte by embryoid bodies (EBs) formation. Although the results indicated that anacardic acid (AA) and thyroid hormone were both efficient in promoting cardiomyocyte differentiation, we noticed that a transient exposure of mES to AA alone was sufficient to enlarge the beating areas of EBs compared to those of untreated controls. This effect was associated with changes in the chromatin structure at the promoters of specific cardiomyogenic genes. Among them, a rapid induction of the transcription factor Castor 1 (CASZ1), important for cardiomyocytes differentiation and maturation during embryonic development, was observed in the presence of AA. In contrast, thyroid hormone (T 3) was more effective in stimulating spontaneous firing, thus suggesting a role in the production of a population of cardiomyocyte with pacemaker properties. In conclusion, AA and thyroid hormone both enhanced cardiomyocyte formation along in apparently distinct pathways
Effects of exogenous p53 transduction in thyroid tumor cells with different p53 status
No full textRecovery of p53 function in undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cells carrying an altered p53 gene is able to modify cell tumorigenic properties. It is not known whether such an effect may also be achieved in thyroid cancer cells expressing wild-type p53, as in the majority of differentiated thyroid carcinomas. Effects of p53 transduction in a thyroid carcinoma cell line (FRO) exhibiting a wild-type endogenous p53 gene, in comparison to a cell line (WRO) exhibiting mutant p53, were investigated by using an inducible chimeric construct containing human p53 complementary DNA fused to the ligand binding domain of the estrogen receptor (p53ER). FRO cells were unaffected by exogenous p53 expression in terms of both proliferation and viability. On the contrary, p53 reexpression in WRO cells containing hemizygous mutated p53 allele caused a strong growth inhibition due to cell accumulation in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. In addition, exogenous p53 did not influence FRO cell behavior in response to TSH treatment or modify cell resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin. Our results indicate that exogenous expression of wild-type p53 affects thyroid tumorigenic properties only in cells carrying an altered p53, whereas it is ineffective in cells expressing wild-type p53 activity. Therefore, the endogenous p53 status seems to be a major determinant for the effectiveness of a p53-based gene therapy for thyroid cancer
Orphan receptor hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 antagonizes estrogen receptor alpha-mediated induction of human coagulation factor XII gene
No full textFactor XII (FXII) is a liver-specific zymogen involved in the regulation of hemostasis, particularly in the activation of fibrinolysis. Transcription of the FXII gene is stimulated by estrogens through specific interaction of the estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) with an estrogen response element present on FXII promoter. Interestingly, the magnitude of ER alpha induction in liver HepG2 cells is much lower than in NIH3T3 fibroblasts, suggesting that cell-specific factors may modulate ER alpha-dependent trans-activation. Comparative footprinting analysis of FXII promoter (from nucleotides -181 to +49) in liver vs. non-liver cell environments allowed identification of four deoxyribonuclease I-protected sites only in the presence of HepG2 nuclear extracts. Computerized homology search identified sites III and IV as consensus binding sequences for the liver-enriched transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4), formerly an orphan receptor belonging to the superfamily of steroid/thyroid hormone nuclear receptors. In transient transfection assays in NIH3T3 cells, HNF-4 significantly inhibited (70%) estrogen induction of FXII promoter while not affecting basal promoter activity. Conversely, HNF-4 did not inhibit estrogen inducibility of FXII promoter in HepG2 cells due to the high endogenous levels of HNF-4 protein. In gel shift assays, HNF-4, either present in HepG2 nuclear extracts or generated by in vitro transcription/translation, specifically bound FXII promoter. This interaction is strictly required in eliciting the antagonistic effect because in NIH3T3 cells, selective mutations of sites III and IV abrogated HNF-4 inhibitory properties. In the liver-specific environment, the same mutant construct exhibited higher estrogen-dependent inducibility compared with native promoter. Rescue of estrogen responsiveness was also achieved using a dominant negative HNF-4, which counteracted endogenous HNF-4 activity. In conclusion, our findings address a direct role for HNF-4 in modulating estrogen-dependent transcription of the FXII gene promoter
Inhibition of ERalpha-mediated trans-activation of human coagulation factor XII gene by heteromeric transcription factor NF-Y
No full textCorrection: Groundwater circulation and earthquake-related changes in hydrogeological karst environments: a case study of the Sibillini Mountains (central Italy) involving artificial tracers (Hydrogeology Journal, (2020), 28, 7, (2409-2428), 10.1007/s10040-020-02207-w) [Correction]
No full textThe article “Groundwater circulation and earthquake-related changes in hydrogeological karst environments: a case study of the Sibillini Mountains (central Italy) involving artificial tracers”, written by T. Nanni, P. M.Vivalda, S. Palpacelli,M.Marcellini and A. Tazioli, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 21 July 2020 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt forOpen Choice the copyright of the article changed on 13 August 2020 to © The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. The original article has been corrected
A representação do luto em O Quarto do Filho de Nanni Moretti
No full textEste trabalho investiga a representação do luto no filme O Quarto do Filho de Nanni Moretti. Para poder analisar o filme e compreender como o realizador faz esta representação, é feita uma extensa pesquisa que pode ser dividida em três partes: o realizador, o luto, e a representação do luto. Em primeiro lugar, o trabalho constitui uma pesquisa sobre o autor Nanni Moretti, onde se discute sua filmografia, as temáticas que costuma trabalhar, e a estética que utiliza em seus filmes. No segundo momento, o trabalho se propõe a buscar um entendimento sobre o que é o luto, analisando e compreendendo as ideias de Freud, Kübler-Ross e J. William Worden sobre o assunto. E por último, a pesquisa foca em investigar a representação do luto no cinema através das ideias de Richard Armstrong que acredita que o filme sobre o luto pode ser considerado um gênero cinematográfico por apresentarem estéticas semelhantes entre si. Com esta base teórica em mente é possível analisar e compreender como Nanni Moretti utiliza a linguagem cinematográfica para representar o luto em seu filme. Palavras-chave: Cinema, Linguagem cinematográfica, Nanni Moretti, O Quarto do Filho, Representação do lutoThis work investigates the representation of mourning in the film "The Son's Room" by Nanni Moretti. In order to analyze the film and comprehend how the director approaches this representation, an extensive research is conducted, which can be divided into three parts: the director, mourning, and the cinematic representation of mourning. Firstly, the study constitutes research on the author Nanni Moretti, delving into his filmography, the themes he commonly explores, and the aesthetics employed in his films. Secondly, the work aims to gain an understanding of what mourning entails by analyzing and comprehending the ideas of Freud, Kübler-Ross, and J. William Worden on the subject. Lastly, the research focuses on investigating the cinematic representation of mourning, drawing on the ideas of Richard Armstrong, who believes that films about mourning can be considered a cinematic genre due to their shared aesthetics. With this theoretical foundation in mind, it becomes possible to analyze and comprehend how Nanni Moretti utilizes cinematic language to represent mourning in his film. Keywords: Cinema, Cinematic language, Nanni Moretti, The Son's Room, Representation of grie
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