6 research outputs found
Causal Relationship Between Female Labor Force Participation Rate and Total Fertility Rate: An Empirical Evidence from Mena Countries
No full textThis study aims to investigate the causal relationship between female labor participation rate and fertility rate in MENA countries. It uses the data of Female Labor Participation Rate (FLPR) and Total Fertility Rate (TFR) from the World Database Indicators (WDI) which spans the period from 1990 to 2020. It is a quantitative approach that applies the panel unit root test, Pedroni residual test, Vector Error Correction Model, and Granger Causality test. The findings revealed the existence of cointegration between the two variables, meaning that there is a long-run effect between FLFPR and TFR in MENA countries. Furthermore, there is the occurrence of a unidirectional causal relationship that runs from the TFR to FLFPR, in that the female labor participation rate in MENA countries depends on the total fertility rate. The results from the world economic report of 2019 showed that the MENA countries have the lowest female labor force participation in the world, and the relationship between the total fertility and female labor force participation rate is inversely proportional. MENA countries need to impose the necessary economic policies for female empowerment in the labor market. Good and effective policies for female empowerment in the labor market will provide a positive direct proportional relationship between female labor force participation and total fertility in MENA countrie
An assessment of the nexus between good governance and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa / Ocena związku między skutecznym rządzeniem a wzrostem gospodarczym w Afryce Subsaharyjskiej
No full textSubject and purpose of work: This study investigates the nexus between good governance and GDP per capita within Sub-Saharan African countries (SSA), using a dynamic panel data set from 2005 to 2023. The study contributes a comprehensive investigation to the literature that links the previous and recent effects of good governance indicators on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries. Drawing on data from the World Development Indicators (WDI), World Governance Indicators (WGI), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the study examines 36 SSA countries through key governance indicators, including government effectiveness (GEF), government corruption control (GCC), political stability and absence of violence (PSA), regulatory quality (RQ), and rule of law (RL).
Materials and methods: A two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (sys-GMM) estimator is employed to address endogeneity concerns, particularly the association between the lagged dependent variable and potential exogenous variables, as well as to control for biases, unobserved panel heterogeneity, and measurement errors.
Results: Empirical findings indicate that: establishing government effectiveness structures yields a significant positive impact on GDP per capita, enhancing government corruption control mechanisms contributes substantially to GDP per capita by mitigating resource misallocation, and improvements in regulatory quality and adherence to rule of law are positively associated with GDP per capita.
Conclusions: The study concludes that Sub-Saharan African countries should prioritize the development and enforcement of robust governance institutions to foster sustainable economic growth. By embedding good governance principles, Sub-Sahara Africa can strengthen its economic trajectory, ensuring the advancement of GDP per capita throughout the region.Przedmiot i cel pracy: Niniejsze badanie analizuje związek między skutecznym zarządzaniem PKB na mieszkańca w krajach Afryki Subsaharyjskiej, wykorzystując dynamiczny zestaw danych panelowych z lat 2005–2023. Opierając się na danych z World Development Indicators, World Governance Indicators oraz Międzynarodowego Funduszu Walutowego, analiza obejmuje 36 krajów Afryki Subsaharyjskiej, koncentrując się na kluczowych wskaźnikach zarządzania, takich jak skuteczność rządu (GEF), kontrola korupcji (GCC), stabilność polityczna i bezpieczeństwo (PSA), jakość regulacji (RQ) oraz praworządność (RL).
Materiały i metody: W badaniu zastosowano dwuetapowy estymator uogólnionej metody momentów (sys-GMM), aby uwzględnić kwestie endogeniczności, zwłaszcza związek między opóźnioną zmienną zależną a potencjalnymi zmiennymi egzogenicznymi, a także kontrolować uprzedzenia, nieobserwowaną heterogeniczność panelu oraz błędy pomiaru.
Wyniki: Wyniki empiryczne wskazują, że: ustanowienie struktur skuteczności rządu ma istotny pozytywny wpływ na PKB na mieszkańca, wzmocnienie rządowych mechanizmów kontroli korupcji znacząco przyczynia się do wzrostu PKB na mieszkańca poprzez poprawę alokacji zasobów, oraz poprawa jakości regulacji i wzmocnienie rządów prawa są pozytywnie skorelowane z PKB na mieszkańca. Wnosi to istotny wkład w literaturę, łącząc wcześniejsze oraz najnowsze badania dotyczące wpływu wskaźników dobrego rządzenia na wzrost gospodarczy w tym regionie.
Wnioski: Badanie podkreśla, że kraje Afryki Subsaharyjskiej powinny priorytetowo traktować rozwój i egzekwowanie solidnych instytucji rządowych, aby wspierać zrównoważony wzrost gospodarczy
Global Energy Transformation and the Impacts of Systematic Energy Change Policy on Climate Change Mitigation
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the effect of global energy transformation and systematic energy change on climate change. The model is constructed from dynamic panel data which comprises 26 world regions from the World Database Indicators (WDIs), International Energy Atomic (IEA), and International Monetary Fund (IMF), with a span from 2005 to 2022. The Generalized system Method of Moment (sys-GMM) and pooled OLS and random effect models have been used to empirically evaluate the linked effect of global transformation and systematic change on climate change. The sys-GMM approach is used to control the endogeneity of the lagged dependent variable when there is an association between the exogenous variable and the error term. Furthermore, it omits variable bias, measurement errors in the estimation, and unobserved panel heterogeneity. The econometric applications allow us to quantify the direct effect of global transformation and systematic change on climate change. The empirical analysis revealed that renewable energy, alternative energy, technology and innovation, and financial climate have a negative effect on climate change. It means that increasing consumption of the transformation energies leads to reducing the effect of climate change. However, fossil energy is statistically significant and positively affects climate change. Increasing the consumption of fossil energy raises the effect of climate change. There is a global need for massive decarbonization infrastructure that will help minimize the global warming that leads to climate change. Policies that take an endogenous approach through global transformation and systematic change should be implemented to reduce the effect of climate change. The policy should reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy and increase the consumption of renewable energy
Energy security, institutional quality, and geopolitical risks: evidence from türkiye and sub-saharan africa countries
No full textThis study examines the effects of energy security, institutional quality, and geopolitical risks on oil price uncertainty in the context of Türkiye and Sub-Saharan African countries. The literature emphasises that energy security is critical for sustainable economic growth and is directly affected by geopolitical tensions and weak institutional structures. Empirical findings show that energy security and geopolitical risks increase oil price uncertainty, inflation fuels uncertainty, and consumption increases play a mitigating role. Furthermore, political stability is a strong determinant of volatility. Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis show a negative relationship between energy security and oil price uncertainty, and a positive relationship between energy security and geopolitical risks. The results reveal that strengthening institutional capacity, diversifying energy sources, and enhancing international cooperation are critical for energy security and macroeconomic stability
Correction to: Rethinking of government institutions and governance quality indicators on economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries (Journal of the Knowledge Economy, (2024), 10.1007/s13132-024-02040-6)
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Rethinking of government institutions and governance quality indicators on economic growth in Sub-Saharan African countries
No full textThe study aims to investigate the effect of governance quality on economic growth and government consumption in Sub-Saharan African countries. Balanced dynamic panel data for 36 Sub-Saharan African countries from 2011 to 2022 were analyzed using GMM and Driscoll-Kraay regressions. In addition to the fact that there is no study in the literature that examines the effect of state governance indicators on economic growth in SSA countries, the addition of government consumption variable as a second dependent variable adds originality to the study. The empirical analysis revealed that government institutions have a positive effect and are significant in SSA countries’ economic growth. In addition, according to the Driscoll-Kraay regression, it is seen that governments’ development of institutions increases government consumptions. The governance indicators threshold that strengthens the government institution in Sub-Sahara Africa must be reached to increase the economic growth of Sub-Sahara Africa. For economic growth, effective government institutions and governance quality policies should be practiced and maintained among the Sub-Saharan African countries. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.
