142,315 research outputs found
An interview with Naomi L. Shin
No full textNaomi L. Shin is an Associate Professor of Linguistics and Hispanic Linguistics at the University of New Mexico. Her primary interests include child language acquisition, bilingualism, language contact, and sociolinguistics. Her research focuses on patterns of morphosyntactic variation, examining how these patterns are acquired during childhood and how they change in situations of language contact. Her articles have appeared in journals such as Journal of Child Language, Cognitive Linguistics, International Journal of Bilingualism, Language Acquisition, Language Variation and Change, Language in Society, Foreign Language Annals, Spanish in Context, Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, and International Journal of the Sociology of Language. She is the co-author of Gramática Española: Variación Social, which explores grammar in a way that emphasizes the social underpinnings of language.Website: http://www.unm.edu/~naomishin/index.htm
An interview with Naomi L. Shin
Full text linkNaomi L. Shin is an Associate Professor of Linguistics and Hispanic Linguistics at the University of New Mexico. Her primary interests include child language acquisition, bilingualism, language contact, and sociolinguistics. Her research focuses on patterns of morphosyntactic variation, examining how these patterns are acquired during childhood and how they change in situations of language contact. Her articles have appeared in journals such as Journal of Child Language, Cognitive Linguistics, International Journal of Bilingualism, Language Acquisition, Language Variation and Change, Language in Society, Foreign Language Annals, Spanish in Context, Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, and International Journal of the Sociology of Language. She is the co-author of Gramática Española: Variación Social, which explores grammar in a way that emphasizes the social underpinnings of language.Website: http://www.unm.edu/~naomishin/index.htm
Hyang Ae Shin
No full text학위논문(박사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :의학과,2014. 2TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT i
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
PART ONE : Effect of Epicatechin against Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis : In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 1
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 3
A. Cell lines and irradiation conditions 3
B. Cell viability assay 3
C. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end
labeling (TUNEL) assay 4
D. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double
staining 4
E. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay 4
F. Measurement of intracellular ROS production 5
G. Western blot assay 5
H. Animal study 6
I. Assessment of radiation damage in rats 7
J. TUNEL staining in rats 8
K. Immunohistochemical analysis in rats 8
L. Statistical analyses 9
Ⅲ. RESULTS
A. Pretreatment with EC increased viability of irradiated HaCaT cells 10
B. EC protected HaCaT cells against radiation-induced apoptosis 12
C. EC inhibited radiation-induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane
potential 15
D. EC inhibited intracellular ROS generated by radiation 17
E. Inhibition of MAPK activity by epicatechin rescued the HaCaT cells from
radiation induced cytotoxicity 20
F. EC restored the oral intake, weight loss, and survival rate of irradiated rats 22
G. EC inhibited histopathologic changes of oral mucosa by irradiation in rats 26
H. EC reduced radiation-induced apoptosis in rat oral mucosa 29
IV. DISCUSSION 32
V. CONCLUSION 37
PART TWO : Radioprotective effect of epicatechin in cultured human fibroblasts and zebrafish
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 38
Ⅱ. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40
A. Cell lines and irradiation conditions 40
B. Cell viability assay 40
C. Colony-forming assay 41
D. Wound-healing assay 41
E. Mitochondrial membrane potential assay 42
F. Measurement of intracellular ROS production 42
G. Western blot assay 43
H. Radioprotective effects on zebrafish 43
I. Statistical analyses 44
Ⅲ. RESULTS
A. Epicatechin increased the viability and migration capability of irradiated primary
cultured fibroblasts 45
B. Epicatechin inhibited radiation-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane
potential (MMP) 49
C. Epicatechin inhibited intracellular ROS generated by radiation 51
D. Inhibition of MAPK activity by epicatechin rescued the primary cultured
fibroblasts from radiation-induced cytotoxicity 53
E. Epicatechin protects zebrafish embryos from radiation cytotoxicity 55
IV. DISCUSSION 57
V. CONCLUSION 62
REFERENCES 63
국문요약 72DoctoralRadiotherapy has become increasingly important for treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral mucositis, associated with both radiation and chemotherapy, is a very common, painful, and dose-limiting toxicity, with an incidence that can be as high as 90%. Exposure of normal tissue to radiation can cause both acute and chronic toxicities including dermatitis, xerostomia or mucositis, and this can result in not only a cessation of the intended therapy, but also a decrease in quality of life for the patient. There has been a lot of effort to reduce the radiation toxicities, mainly by focusing on technological improvements in radiation delivery. Also, many radioprotective agents have been attempted to prevent radiation-induced mucositis. Despite this, no intervention has yet been completely successful in preventing radiation-induced mucositis. Green tea consumed in a balanced and controlled diet improves anti-oxidative status and can protect against oxidative damage. Beneficial activities attributed to green tea extracts and/or constituents include antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidative, antitumor, and antimutagenic activities. Furthermore, green tea extract can scavenge nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anions (O2 −) very effectively. Epicatechin (EC), a component of green tea, prevents cisplatin and radiation-induced, ROS-mediated ototoxicity and prevents changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. EC is among the important constituents responsible for the protective and antioxidant effects exhibited by green tea and is also active in lessening ionizing radiation-induced damage to DNA. However, the effect of EC as a radioprotective agent has not been investigated.
In this study, the therapeutic effects and protective mechanism of epicatechin on radiation-induced oral mucositis were investigated in HaCaT human keratinocyte line, primary cultured human fibroblasts, and in vivo in rat and zebrafish model. EC significantly inhibited radiation-induced apoptosis, change of MMP, and intracellular ROS generation in HaCaT cells and fibroblasts. EC treatment markedly attenuated the expression of p-JNK, p-38, and cleaved caspase-3 after irradiation in the HaCaT cells and fibroblasts. EC represents an effective means of reducing cellular damage and facilitating wound healing after radiation exposure. Rats with radiation-induced oral mucositis showed decreased oral intake, weight and survival rate, but oral administration of EC significantly restored all three parameters. Histopathologic changes were significantly decreased in the EC-treated irradiated rats. TUNEL staining of rat oral mucosa revealed that EC treatment significantly decreased radiation-induced apoptotic cells. Also EC attenuated the radiation-induced embryotoxicity in a zebrafish model. Although larger numbers of animals and clinically relevant fractionation schemes are necessary to confirm the effect of EC, these results suggest the possibility of EC to inhibit radiation-induced oral mucositis, a common complication in radiotherapy of head and neck cancers. EC may be a safe and effective candidate treatment for the prevention of radiation-induced mucositis
Shin Pond Cabins
No full textAn image scanned from a black and white negative of a row of cabins in the area of Shin Pond, Maine. The caption also mentions, Harvey, which may refer to one of the camp owners/proprietors in the area, Z. L. Harvey, but the reference isn\u27t clear.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/bert_call/3952/thumbnail.jp
Ugo Dessí: Ethics and Society in Contemporary Shin Buddhism
No full textThis is the first book-length account of contemporary Shin Buddhist ethics in English. It describes the ethical thought of numerous modern scholars of the Shin school (mainly from the Ōtani-ha and Honganji-ha), as well as the activities of contemporary activists who struggle against war and discrimination, and for peace and social welfare. It is a unique mixture of textual analysis with primary data gathered through fieldwork and participant observation. Until the publication of Dessi’s study, most scholarship on Shin ethics in English consisted of essays (some of these translated from Japanese). Dessi adds to this previous scholarship by introducing the depth and breadth of works on Shin ethics in Japanese
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
sj-docx-1-ijb-10.1177_13670069221124475 – Supplemental material for Está abriendo, la abrió: Lexical knowledge, verb type, and grammatical aspect shape child heritage speakers’ direct object omission in Spanish
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-ijb-10.1177_13670069221124475 for Está abriendo, la abrió: Lexical knowledge, verb type, and grammatical aspect shape child heritage speakers’ direct object omission in Spanish by Naomi L. Shin in International Journal of Bilingualism</p
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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