180 research outputs found
Conceptual Development of a Compact Unglazed Solar Thermal Facade (STF) for Building Integration
No full textAbstractThis research aims to develop an initiative modular unglazed Solar Thermal Facade (STF) concept initially for hot water generation to facilitate the integration of solar energy with buildings. The new STF concept is simple structure, low cost, and aesthetically appealing with easy installation but is expected to achieve the equivalent thermal efficiency as the conventional STFs. It delivered alternative design in terms of material, colour, texture, shape, size, architectural design, installation method, array connection, hypothetical system application, and solar coverage. Two common design variants i.e. (a) the STF cladding system and (b) the prefabricated STF wall system were described respectively for existing and new low-rise building typologies. Interaction of inclination, orientation, and insolation were discussed for the optimum STF position on the building. Four currently available methods for installation of such STF with buildings were summarized and three typical array connection methods were identified. The decentralized connection was recommended for different types of STF hot water systems. It is customary to design for a solar coverage of 50 to 60 percent for water heating in detached houses; in apartment buildings 30 to 40 percent are more commonly assumed. The concept design in this paper hereby illustrates the precedence for the hypothetical function by the creation of new ideas and also forms up the physical structure or operating principle for the investigations in near future
Relationships management in hospitality industry. : STF Svenska Touristförening.
No full text Abstract Title: Relationships management in hospitality industry, STF Svenska Touristförening. Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration Author: Aleksandr Shalimov , Calistus Godwin Supervisor: Ernst Hollander Date: 2013.01 Aim: The aim of the research is to investigate STF relationships management strategy and networking ability. This research illuminates conceptual understanding of the STF’s network and relationships management strategy. Method: In order to provide answers to the research question was used case study approach. Qualitative research method was applied, face to face interviews were conducted and in some cases email and telephone interviews was also used. Using cluster sampling, 9 people who have different backgrounds and relations to STF was interviewed. To properly analyze and present this complex relationships phenomenon, narrative approach was used, considered to be the most appropriate to work with, due to the huge amount of qualitative data. Result & Conclusions: The research showed the existence of complex relationships between STF (Svenska Touristförenengen) and different actors that are involved with STF within its market activities. Companies that are involved in the STF network, at the same time involved in the process of management of relationships, activities and network structure. Development of the network depends on the companies’ abilities to develop mutual relationships (network threads). This requires understanding of the company’s network and abilities to form network. The development of relationships management strategy is the core competence of the STF. In conclusion, looking at all the relationship that STF has built, it could be said that all have being focal to its network building but to a varying degree. Moreover within applied the study, it was noticed that STF during its 125 years of existence, has facilitated the development of tourism, infrastructure, business, sports, education, and cultural life of the country. It has created and developed social and economic relations, and communication channels. STF plays the role of an initiator, originator, pioneer and cooperator, even as a fellow worker in creating national movements and new trends. Suggestions for future research: The investigation has been started having in mind Relationships, Outsourcing and Networking theories as anchor theories to be used, but after a while, it turned out that Networking theory and Franchising theory could be used to investigate deeply into the relationships phenomenon with the actors in this case. But still within the research, it was noticed that some aspects of franchising model was not working properly and sometimes do not meet both STF and Franchisee`s expectations. Therefore suggestion for closer and deeper investigations of relationships pattern between STF and its franchisees is recommended in order to facilitate the development of more viable, functional and effective ways of cooperation. Moreover triangulation is a strategy that increases the validity and reliability of research, so it could be considered for the further research. Contribution of the thesis: Currently, under the influence of globalization in the social and economic environment, more and more attention is being paid to the study of various relationships and communications theories, for example the development of CRM, Outsourcing and Networking theories. This study involves a closer look on some aspects of the interaction of social and economic environment, particularly the development of social and business networks. The concept of STF could be used to develop other business ideas or even exported to emerging markets, base on a successful strategic implementation of the concept. STF pattern of activities shows that the creation of such organizations as STF and investigative related issues, may contribute to the development of the tourism industry both nationally and internationally. To STF and the Swedish Tourism Board, (tillvexverkert) researches could help in a lot ways by encouraging more research work to improve and better the already existing infrastructures, improve on the services and communications channels. Key words: STF (Svenska Touristförening), Networking, Relationships, Hospitality Industry, Tourism, Association
Combined Application of Sandplay Technique and Focusing （STF） : Interpretation of Sandplay Expression by using felt sense
No full textapplication/pdfThe Purpose of this study is to fi nd a way of realizing the meaning of a sandplay expression by him/herself. The “story-making approach to Sandplay Therapy” is said to be one of ways to understand the sandplay maker’s internal world. But the therapy is typically considered to be a non-verbal technique, therefore there’s a possibility that non-verbal world in sandplay is confi ned by expressed words. Recently Sandplay Therapy and Focusing-Oriented Psychotherapy are considered to have similarities. Felt sense and a sense of fi tting to subjective experiences in Sandplay Therapy are said to be nearly equal, so that as a pilot study, Combined Application of Sandplay Technique and Focusing （STF） could be a way of realizing the meaning of a sandplay expression by him/herself without losing the essence of Sandplay Therapy. To clarify the effectiveness and mechanism of STF, the author used 2 questionnaires : ① STAI②generalization of the focusing manner of experiencing in daily life. To investigate a process of STF, 11 graduate students majoring in clinical psychology made sandplay, had a focusing session as test objects, then were interviewed the STF experience. 11 participants had 2 STF sessions. Each sessions were recorded. An examination of the results suggests that STF has the following 6 points. 1） STF is able to decrease state anxiety signifi cantly. 2） STF is able to not signifi cantly, but expectedly increase “generalization of the focusing manner of experiencing in daily life” （total） and 3 factors （“valuing one’s experiencing”, “criticizing oneself too much”, “keeping psychological distance from one’s problem”）, so STF makes it possible to facilitate generalization of the focusing manner of experiencing in daily life. 3） Each participants had really unique personal experiences through STF. STF is a very effective method to facilitate a sandplay maker’s selfawareness, self-understanding and also self-healing, therefore STF is a possible way of realizing the meaning of a sandplay expression by him/ herself and understanding his/her own inner world. 4） STF is easier than the standard procedure focusing. 5） The sandplay expressions in STF sometimes have a role of a “handle” called in Focusing. 6） STF can be a new technique of psychotherapy.departmental bulletin pape
The Early Design Stage of a Novel Solar Thermal Façade (STF) for Building Integration: Energy Performance Simulation and Socio-Economic Analysis
No full textAbstractThis paper provides a feasibility study of a new solar thermal façade (STF) concept for building integration from both technical and economic aspects in Shanghai area of China. The whole set of technical evaluation and economic analysis was investigated through simulation of a reference DOE residential building model in IES-VE software and a dedicated dynamic business model consisting of several critical financial indexes. In order to figure out the cost effectiveness of the STF concept, research work consisted of: (1) exploring the overall feasibility, i.e. energy load, energy savings, operational cost and environmental benefits, and (2) investigating the financial outputs for investment decisions within three different purchase methods. This paper presents a multidisciplinary research method that is expected to be beneficial and supportive for the strategic decision at the early design stage and it also offers a different angle to assess the economic performance of the STF application
Preparation and Ballistic Performance of a Multi-Layer Armor System Composed of Kevlar/Polyurea Composites and Shear Thickening Fluid (STF)-Filled Paper Honeycomb Panels
No full textIn this study, the ballistic performance of armors composed of a polyurea elastomer/Kevlar fabric composite and a shear thickening fluid (STF) structure was investigated. The polyurea used was a reaction product of aromatic diphenylmethane isocyanate (A agent) and amine-terminated polyether resin (B agent). The A and B agents were diluted, mixed and brushed onto Kevlar fabric. After the reaction of A and B agents was complete, the polyurea/Kevlar composite was formed. STF structure was prepared through pouring the STF into a honeycomb paper panel. The ballistic tests were conducted with reference to NIJ 0101.06 Ballistic Test Specification Class II and Class IIIA, using 9 mm FMJ and 44 magnum bullets. The ballistic test results reveal that polyurea/Kevlar fabric composites offer better impact resistance than conventional Kevlar fabrics and a 2 mm STF structure could replace approximately 10 layers of Kevlar in a ballistic resistant layer. Our results also showed that a high-strength composite laminate using the best polyurea/Kevlar plates combined with the STF structure was more than 17% lighter and thinner than the conventional Kevlar laminate, indicating that the high-strength protective material developed in this study is superior to the traditional protective materials
O veto presidencial no STF: estudo de um caso de tensão entre os poderes
No full textThis study aims at describing and analyzing how the Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) rules the cases that deal with presidential veto, in order to identify how the STF's relationship with the legislative and executive branches is built. Through the cases, this research focus on the rules established by the STF in defining the role of the executive and legislative to decide cases on the presidential veto and in limiting its own jurisdiction. To this, the author develops a theoretical reasoning about the judiciary's role in this phase of the separation of powers (veto); and analyzes fifty-five decisions of the Supreme Court on the subject, several legislative branch documents on bills and laws and, finally, presidential documents that have reasoning for the presidential veto. The cases studied showed that the form of the Supreme Court decision in such cases is diverse, since it is possible to identify profiles for each of the seven groups of cases created in the research. Secondly, I found that the cases analyzed, as a rule, represent a breach of understanding about the political decision-making among political actors involved and STF is demanded to solve the conflicts. The cases also showed that the Supreme Court is clear on the scope of their responsibilities for the control of such cases, allowing ample space for its own power, however, in practice only in exceptional cases this body decides invalid (unconstitutional) the case. I also concluded that, even if exceptional cases where the Supreme Court acts in an emphatic manner, the consequences of these decisions can cause are serious and that therefore there should be legal limits to its performance and even accountability for their decisions. Finally, the scholars of separation of powers, more specifically the veto, do not analyze the importance that the judiciary has in this process.Esta pesquisa tem como principal objetivo descrever e analisar a atuação do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) em casos que envolvam veto presidencial a projeto de lei (veto), a fim de identificar como se constrói a relação do STF com os poderes Legislativo e Executivo, nessas situações. Reflexamente, a partir disso, esta pesquisa também analisa quais são as regras criadas pelo STF na delimitação do papel do Executivo e do Legislativo ao decidir os casos sobre o veto presidencial a projeto de lei e para a sua própria competência para resolver esses casos. Para isso, esta pesquisa apresenta a construção do raciocínio teórico sobre o papel do Judiciário dentro dessa fase da separação dos poderes (veto) e a analisa cinquenta e cinco decisões do STF sobre o tema; diversos documentos do poder Legislativo quanto a projetos de leis e lei e; diversos documentos com justificativas quanto ao veto presidencial. Constatou-se que a forma de decisão do STF, nesses casos, é diversificada, sendo possível identificar perfis para cada um dos sete grupos de casos criados na pesquisa; também foi constatado que, por regra, os casos que chegam ao STF representam algum rompimento de entendimento quanto à tomada de decisão política entre os atores políticos envolvidos e fica a encargo do STF a resolução do conflito; constatou-se, também, que o STF é claro quanto ao limite da sua competência para o controle desse tipo de casos, reservando amplo espaço para esse seu poder, contudo, na prática, apenas em casos excepcionais este órgão decide julgar inválido (inconstitucional) o caso. Concluiu-se que, mesmo sendo excepcional, os casos em que o STF atua de maneira enfática as consequências que essas decisões podem causar são graves e, que, por isso, deveriam haver limites legais para a sua atuação e até mesmo responsabilização pelas suas decisões. Concluiu-se, também, que os estudiosos da separação dos poderes, mais especificamente quanto ao veto, não analisam a importância que o Judiciário tem nesse processo
Development of a single-stage mainstream anammox process using a sponge-bed trickling filter
No full textAnaerobic ammonia oxidation to nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor (anammox process) is considered a cost-effective solution for nitrogen removal after an anaerobic pre-treatment process. In this study, we conducted a laboratory-scale experiment to develop a single-stage partial nitritation–anammox process in a sponge-based trickling filter (STF) reactor, inoculated with anammox sludge, simulating the treatment of anaerobically pretreated concentrated domestic sewage without mechanical oxygen control. The influent ammonia concentration was 100 mg-N·L−1. The KLa of the STF reactor was higher than those observed for conventional activated sludge processes. The STF reactor performed at 89.8 ± 8.2% and 42.7 ± 16.9% ammonia and TN removal efficiency, respectively, with a nitrogen loading rate of 0.55 ± 0.20 kg-N·m−3·day−1 calculated based on sponge volume. Microbial community analysis of the STF-retained sludge indicated that both autotrophic and heterotrophic nitrogen removal occurred in the reactor.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Sanitary Engineerin
STF, KELSEN E A PROTEÇÃO DAS MINORIAS:: o uso, pelo STF, da Teoria Política de Kelsen na construção da defesa da jurisdição constitucional como forma de proteção das minorias
No full textThe present work aims to contribute to the knowledge about the Brazilian judicial apparatus by putting into focus a certain reception, in Brazil, of Hans Kelsen (1881-1973) as a theoretical-political author. The work begins by identifying a significant number of citations to Kelsen in STF votes. It can then be seen that among these quotes, democracy is one of the most cited themes. In general, these citations focus on specific elements of Kelsen\u27s theoretical constructions, more specifically the argument of the role of constitutional jurisdiction as an instrument for the protection of minorities. Thus, although it is not possible to attest to a systemic alignment between the STF or its members and the Kelsenian thought, it can be concluded that the set of citations to Kelsen, in the STF, individually listed in this work, indicate a certain relevance of the Kelsenian theory in the construction of the defense of the role of constitutional jurisdiction as an instrument for the protection of minorities. It can even be concluded that the citations to Kelsen\u27s theory of democracy are a clear attempt by the STF to legitimize and validate its own power, emphasizing the counter majoritarian role to be played by the judiciary in the organization of the Brazilian democratic state.o presente trabalho, que visa contribuir com o conhecimento sobre o aparato judiciário brasileiro, evidencia certa recepção, no Brasil, de Hans Kelsen (1881-1973) como autor teórico-político. O trabalho começa identificando um significativo número de citações a Kelsen em votos no STF. Percebe-se então que, dentre essas citações, a democracia constitui um dos temas mais citados. De modo geral, essas citações se concentram em elementos específicos das construções teóricas kelsenianas, mais especificamente o argumento do papel da jurisdição constitucional como instrumento de proteção das minorias. Assim, embora não seja possível afirmar um alinhamento de ordem sistêmica entre o STF ou seus membros e o pensamento kelseniano, pode-se concluir que o conjunto das citações a Kelsen, no STF, individualmente relacionadas neste trabalho, sinaliza certa relevância da teoria kelseniana na construção da defesa do papel da jurisdição constitucional como instrumento de proteção das minorias. Pode-se inclusive concluir que as citações à teoria da democracia de Kelsen constituem uma evidente tentativa do STF de legitimar e validar seu próprio poder, enfatizando o papel contramajoritário a ser exercido pelo judiciário na organização do estado democrático brasileiro
Multiple Strategies Differential Privacy on Sparse Tensor Factorization for Network Traffic Analysis in 5G
No full textDue to high capacity and fast transmission speed, 5G plays a key role in modern electronic infrastructure. Meanwhile, sparse tensor factorization (STF) is a useful tool for dimension reduction to analyze high-order, high-dimension, and sparse tensor (HOHDST) data, which is transmitted on 5G Internet-of-things (IoT). Hence, HOHDST data relies on STF to obtain complete data and discover rules for real time and accurate analysis. From another view of computation and data security, the current STF solution seeks to improve the computational efficiency but neglects privacy security of the IoT data, e.g., data analysis for network traffic monitor system. To overcome these problems, this article proposes a multiple-strategies differential privacy framework on STF (MDPSTF) for HOHDST network traffic data analysis. MDPSTF comprises three differential privacy (DP) mechanisms, i.e., varepsilon - DP, concentrated DP, and local DP. Furthermore, the theoretical proof of privacy bound is presented. Hence, MDPSTF can provide general data protection for HOHDST network traffic data with high-security promise. We conduct experiments on two real network traffic datasets (Abilene and Ggrave{E}ANT). The experimental results show that MDPSTF has high universality on the various degrees of privacy protection demands and high recovery accuracy for the HOHDST network traffic data.Dataintensive System
A Realidade das Decisões sobre Liberdade de Expressão, Honra e Imagem no STF e no STJ
No full textThe problem of foreseeability on what speech is allowed in a specific legal system is directly related to chilling effect. That is, the cost for society of fewer opinion being expressed due to uncertainty on whether the author will later be punished. It is not merely about the role of producing precedent that will make the STF and STJ jurisprudence on the rights to speech, honor and image more predictable, but also that of generating authoritative material which increases the chances that lower courts will adopt workable precedents. The study seeks to answer the question: what are the conditions for quality of the STF and STJ performance in this role? The research problem is subdivided into four parts: i) how often do these courts rule on the matter?; ii) what is the timing of these rulings?; iii) the rulings are produced under conditions that allow judges careful and complete analysis of the facts and legal issues in the case?; iv) are the rulings issues by the STF and STJ as collegiate (full bench or chamber) bodies, according to constitutional requirement? The results indicate that the high courts deal with a workload that renders impossible any chance of analysis of the legal and constitutional law applied to the case under review. The conditions under which the judges work prevent the quality of the rulings. The courts do not decide as collegiate bodies and have instead transformed in a group of individual rulings.O problema da previsibilidade com relação ao que é lícito expressar segundo um sistema jurídico vigente está diretamente vinculado ao chilling effect. O custo para a sociedade da existência de menos opinião sendo expressada em razão da incerteza sobre se o autor será punido mais tarde ou não. Ou seja, não se trata apenas da função de produção de precedentes para dar previsibilidade sobre como o STF e o STJ protegem a liberdade de expressão, honra e imagem, mas também de gerar material autoritativo que aumente as chances do uso de precedentes operacionalizáveis nas instâncias inferiores. O estudo busca responder a pergunta: quais as condições de qualidade da atuação do STF e STJ? O problema de pesquisa é subdividido em quatro: i) com que frequência os tribunais decidem sobre o assunto?; ii) qual o timing das decisões?; iii) as decisões são tomadas em situações que permitam a análise atenta e completa dos fatos e questões jurídicas do caso?; e iv) as decisões são tomadas pelo STF e STJ como órgão colegiado pleno ou fracionário, conforme a previsão constitucional? Os resultados indicam que os tribunais superiores lidam com carga de trabalho que inviabiliza qualquer chance de uma análise do direito infraconstitucional ou constitucional aplicado ao caso concreto. As condições nas quais trabalham os ministros impedem a qualidade da prestação. Os tribunais não decidem como colegiado e transformaram-se em um conjunto de decisões monocráticas
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