1,720,982 research outputs found
Defense expenditures and economic growth in Pakistan and India: An augmented Feder-type model
No full textTo discover defense-growth nexus, this study has used Feder type model to capture the supply-side impacts for Pakistan and India. In Feder-type model, this study has used four sectors to find out total effects of defense spending on growth by using OLS technique. The findings of the study show that there is positive association between the total effect of defense and growth in all the sectors for both the countries. In augmented Feder type model, the total effects along with externality effects and productivity differential have been re-estimated. The sign of the total effects of defense sector remain the same for both the countries whereas externality effects of defense sector have been observed negative for both the countries except in four-sector for Pakistan. The results of productivity differential of defense sector appear with negative sign throughout the analysi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Role of Gender Asset Ownership and Poverty in Determining Women Empowerment: A Village-based Study in South Punjab, Pakistan
Full text linkThis study investigates the determinants of women's empowerment in the agriculture sector of South Punjab, Pakistan, using a cross-sectional analysis. Specifically, the study aims to identify the socio-demographic and economic factors that promote or hinder women's empowerment in this sector, to inform policies and programs that can support gender equality in the region. To estimate the results, we are utilizing data from 900 households located in the Multan, Bahawalpur, and DG Khan divisions of South Punjab Province in Pakistan in 2022 while employing the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method for analysis. The study also explored the impact of empowerment on women's socio-demographics, economic status, and well-being. The study found that women's empowerment in South Punjab is influenced by a range of factors, including age, marital status, education, income, poverty, and asset ownership prevalence. The study focuses on improving women's education, income, and access to credit, as these factors are found to positively impact women's empowerment in the agriculture sector of South Punjab, Pakistan. Additionally, policies that promote women's participation in decision-making at the household and community levels can contribute to greater gender equality in the region
Demand-Driven Challenges to Food Security: A Developing World Perspective
Full text linkObjective: This study explores the impact of short-run and long-run demand-side drivers on the food security in developing countries.
Research Gap: The paper utilizes a rich dataset consisting on 89 nations spanning from the years 1990 to 2020. A research gap exists in the collective exploration of all four dimensions of food security. Prior to the present study, there was a scanty literature addressing this comprehensive approach.
Methodology: The present study employs Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR). The application of the MMQR technique to analyze the interconnections among food security, agricultural exports, income inequality, economic growth and demand-driven forces of food security has limited in previous literature. This underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of the relationships between these variables.
The Main Findings: The results reveal that overall population growth (PG) as well as urban population growth (UPG) serves as the persistent impediment towards the achievement of sustainable food security. However, official development assistance (ODA) shows a positive impact on availability and utilization dimensions. As well as, ODA can reduce undernourishment leading to improved access to nutritious food in developing countries.
Implications of Findings: The study recommends promoting family planning to address population pressures and emphasizes active engagement with international donors for technical and financial support in enhancing food security.
Originality/Value: The existing literature was limited in its coverage of this holistic approach prior to the current research. Additionally, this study applied the MMQR, a novel technique in this field, to assess such associations
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Socio-Economic and Demographic Determinants of Nutritional Status in South Punjab, Pakistan: A Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis
No full textGood health and nutrition go hand in hand, providing the foundation for a vibrant and fulfilling life. This study examines the nutritional status among the youth of South Punjab of Pakistan and identifies some socioeconomic and demographic determinants of their nutritional. Using the sample of 685 students, collected through self-administered interviews and online survey, Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated to measure the nutritional status. Results indicate that 33.1% of respondents are underweighted, 38.5% are normal or healthy-weighted, 14.6% are over-weighted and 13.7% are obese. Further, A Multinomial Logistic Regression model, carrying the socioeconomic and demographic determinants of nutritional status, is estimated by applying Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM). The results of this model suggest that the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of youth like age, gender (male), and middle income relative to higher family Income group are positively associated with higher BMI/ obesity. While, the absence of a driver, absence of a housemaid, a parent occupation (government and private jobs relative to no employment), and lower levels of education relative to higher have more likelihood to have healthy-weight. On the other hand, the characteristics like marital status (single relative to married), family size, and Family income group (low and upper-lower relative to upper-higher income) are inversely related to higher values of BMI/obesity whereas students of the public relative to private institutes and parent occupation (self-owned small/large scale businesses relative to no-employment) have less probability of having normal weight
A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Determinants of Poverty: Evidence from the Agriculture Sector in South Punjab, Pakistan
Full text linkPurpose: This study investigates the factors contributing to poverty in South Punjab's agricultural region in Pakistan. By conducting a cross-sectional analysis, it examines how household characteristics, agricultural productivity, and socioeconomic factors impact poverty levels. The primary objective is to identify the root causes of poverty in the region, aiming to alleviate it and enhance the well-being of rural communities. The study serves as a valuable resource for policymakers seeking to address poverty in South Punjab's agricultural sector.
Research Gap:The existing literature lacks comprehensive insights into factors such as asset ownership, women's empowerment, and various access to services variables in this specific regional context.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We employed the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to analyze data gathered from 900 households in South Punjab's Multan, Bahawalpur, and DG Khan divisions in 2022.
The Main Findings: The study focused on three categories of independent variables: socio-demographic, economic, asset ownership, and women's empowerment determinants of poverty. Various factors were found to influence poverty in South Punjab, including age, marital status, dependency burden, distance from home to workplaces and healthcare facilities, access to safe drinking water and sanitation, employment status, education, asset ownership, and women's empowerment. The results indicate a positive association between age, dependency burden, distance from home to workplaces and healthcare facilities, and overall women's empowerment with poverty. Conversely, having a spouse, being widowed, and female asset ownership showed a negative association with poverty.
Theoretical/Practical Implications of the Findings: This study provides essential insights into the underlying causes of poverty in South Punjab's agricultural sector, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders working towards poverty eradication in the region.
Originality/Value: Unlike previous research focusing on limited determinants of poverty alleviation, our comprehensive analysis utilizes data from these divisions, offering a more thorough examination across varied variables
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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