76,162 research outputs found
Shaw and Feminisms On Stage and Off
No full textWhen offstage actions contradict a playwright's onstage message, literary study gets messy. In his personal relationships, George Bernard Shaw was often ambivalent toward liberated women--surprisingly so, considering his reputation as one of the first champions of women's rights. His private attitudes sit uncomfortably beside his public philosophies that were so foundational to first-wave feminism. Here, Shaw's long-recognized influence on feminism is reexamined through the lens of twenty-first-century feminist thought as well as previously unpublished primary sources. New links appear between Shaw's writings and his gendered notions of physicality, pain, performance, nationalism, authorship, and politics. The book's archival material includes previously unpublished Shaw correspondence and excerpts from the works of his feminist playwright contemporaries. Shaw and Feminisms explores Shaw's strong female characters, his real-life involvement with women, and his continuing impact on theater and politics today.Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- PART I. THE WOMESN IN SHAW'S PLSYS -- 1. Shaw's Athletic-Minded Women -- 2. Shaw and Cruelty -- 3. Shutting Out Mother: Vivie Warren as the New Woman -- 4. The Politics of Shaw's Irish Women in John Bull's Other Island -- PATE II. SHAW'S RELATIONSHIP WITH WOMEN -- 5. Bernard Shaw and the Archbishop's Daughter -- 6. Writing Women: Shaw and Feminism behind the Scenes -- 7. Feminist Politics and the Two Irish "Georges": Egerton versus Shaw -- 8. The Passionate Anarchist and Her Idea Man -- PART III. SHAVLAN FEMINISM IN THE LARGER WORLD -- 9. Mrs Warren's Profession and the Development of Transnational Chinese Feminism -- 10. Shaw's Women in the World -- 11. The Energy behind the Anomaly: In Conversation with Jackie Maxwell -- Bibliography -- Contributors -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- ZWhen offstage actions contradict a playwright's onstage message, literary study gets messy. In his personal relationships, George Bernard Shaw was often ambivalent toward liberated women--surprisingly so, considering his reputation as one of the first champions of women's rights. His private attitudes sit uncomfortably beside his public philosophies that were so foundational to first-wave feminism. Here, Shaw's long-recognized influence on feminism is reexamined through the lens of twenty-first-century feminist thought as well as previously unpublished primary sources. New links appear between Shaw's writings and his gendered notions of physicality, pain, performance, nationalism, authorship, and politics. The book's archival material includes previously unpublished Shaw correspondence and excerpts from the works of his feminist playwright contemporaries. Shaw and Feminisms explores Shaw's strong female characters, his real-life involvement with women, and his continuing impact on theater and politics today.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Near limit premixed flamelets in Hele-Shaw cells
No full textIn this paper we report a preliminary attempt to stabilize near limit premixed flamelets in Hele-Shaw cells. As a quasi-two-dimensional analog of flame balls the flamelet is sustained by diffusive transport alone with fuel supplied from the open ends of the Hele-Shaw cell and heat dissipated to the ambient environment through conduction; radiative heat losses from both phases are neglected. Following Spalding's "one-dimensional idealization" approximation we construct a 2-D model to account for the heat and mass transfer processes in both the gas and the solid phases with the gap height as a parameter controlling the heat exchange rate between the two phases. For each of the three kinds of wall materials considered two steady solution branches are obtained as a function of the gap height one corresponding to large flames and the other to small flames. The large flame branch is critically dependent on the boundary and is therefore of little physical value. Linear stability analysis shows that the small flame branch is unstable to random perturbations. 2-D time dependent numerical simulations indicate that a slightly perturbed steady state on the small flame branch either evolves into a single flamelet drifting to the boundary as a whole or splits into two drifting to the boundary along opposite directions. A partially open square Hele-Shaw combustor has been proposed and is shown to be able to support stabilized flamelets for a certain range of the degree of opening. (C) 2016 by The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc
The importance of considering fibular robusticity when inferring the mobility patterns of past populations
No full textIn this chapter we investigate the lower limb structural rigidity (using cross-sectional geometric properties of the diaphyseal midshaft) within a sample of 124 individuals from the Late Upper Paleolithic, Neolithic and Iron Age from Italy, Medieval Germany, and twenty-first Century Britain (long distance runners, field hockey players, and sedentary controls). Late Upper Paleolithic, Neolithic and Iron Age samples were settled in rugged areas, whereas the other samples inhabited plain areas. The aim of this study is to assess whether fibular diaphyseal properties reflect mobility patterns or terrain properties in past populations. Both fibular rigidity and relative fibular rigidity ratio (fibula/tibia) have been analyzed. Results reveal that Late Upper Paleolithic, Neolithic and Iron Age samples show high fibular rigidity and have values of relative fibular rigidity that are most similar to modern hockey players. The relative fibular diaphyseal rigidity of hockey players has been previously explained as the consequence of their dynamic and repetitive change of direction. Late Upper Paleolithic and Neolithic individuals are thought to have been highly terrestrially mobile, while Iron Age people were probably fairly sedentary. However, all of the three groups lived in areas of uneven terrain. We conclude that fibular rigidity and relative fibular rigidity are influenced by factors that increase foot eversion/inversion such as frequent directional changes and uneven terrain. The results of this study suggest that inclusion of the fibula provides a valuable additional perspective that complements traditional predictions of mobility patterns based on the femur or the tibia alone
FIGURE 1. Megalyra baltica Poinar and Shaw n in Megalyra baltica Poinar and Shaw n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Megalyridae), a long-tailed wasp from Baltic amber
No full textFIGURE 1. Megalyra baltica Poinar and Shaw n. sp. in Baltic amber. Length of specimen, 6.60 mm. A. Left lateral view. B. Right subdorsal view. C. Ventral view showing antenna. D. Dorsal view showing sculpturing on mesosoma.Published as part of <i>Poinar, George, Jr. & Shaw, Scott R., 2007, Megalyra baltica Poinar and Shaw n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Megalyridae), a long-tailed wasp from Baltic amber, pp. 65-68 in Zootaxa 1478 (1)</i> on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1478.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10088147">http://zenodo.org/record/10088147</a>
Value added tax
No full textVAT is an important source of government revenue, forecast to raise £82.6 billion or 16% of total tax receipts in 2008–09. Like taxes on earnings, VAT distorts the choice between leisure and consumption. Because VAT is applied at different rates to different goods and services, it also distorts people’s spending decisions and firms’ production decisions. In its current form, it is mildly progressive, not regressive as some commentators suggest.
The temporary cut in the standard VAT rate from 17.5% to 15% is a better stimulus measure than its critics suggest. We estimate that the VAT cut will reduce prices on average by 1.2%. Past experience suggests this may lead people to buy 1.2% more goods and services. Those dismissing it as a failure ignore the likelihood that things would have been even worse without it.
The government considered an increase in the rate of VAT to 18.5% in 2011–12. This would have acted as a stimulus to expenditure before that date, as well as raising about £5 billion per year thereafter. Whilst, on its own, such a change would be less progressive than further increases in National Insurance, it would be possible to compensate most poorer households.
Broadening the VAT base by extending the standard rate to most goods and services would remove many of the distortions to consumption decisions caused by the current system and would raise significant revenue even after more than compensating poorer households on average. For instance, a net £10 billion could be raised, with the rest of the revenues used to help meet the child poverty targets and compensate poorer households, households with children, those with disabilities and pensioners
Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitizing Epirrita autumnata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) larvae in Fennoscandia with description of Cotesia autumnatae Shaw, sp. n.
No full textThe microgastrine subset of hymenopteran parasitoids of the geometrid Epirrita
autumnata is investigated in Fennoscandia. Ecology, including population dynamics,
of the moth has been intensively studied in northern and mountainous
Finland, Norway and Sweden. Recently supported hypotheses about the causes
of its cyclic population dynamics stress the role of parasitoids, while the
parasitoid complex with some 15 species is insufficiently known. The complex
includes four solitarymicrogastrine species, Protapanteles anchisiades (Nixon),
P. immunis (Wesmael), Cotesia salebrosa (Marshall) and C. autumnatae Shaw,
sp. n. Here, we provide detailed figures for the latter, which is morphologically
close to C. jucunda (Marshall), and describe the species as new to science. We
also providemore general habitus figures of the other three species, as well as an
identification key for the four species, aiming to aid recognition of these species
by ecologists dealingwithmicrogastrine parasitoids of E. autumnata and their alternative
geometrid hosts
The motion of a viscous filament in a porous medium or Hele-Shaw cell: a physical realisation of the Cauchy-Riemann Equations
No full textWe consider the motion of a thin filament of viscous fluid in a Hele-Shaw cell. The appropriate thin film analysis and use of Lagrangian variables leads to the Cauchy-Riemann system in a surprisingly direct way. We illustrate the inherent ill-posedness of these equations in various contexts
Davis, C. H.; Shaw, D. (Eds.) Introduction to Information Science and Technology. Medford, NJ: Information Today, 2011. XII. 272 S. ISBN 978-1-57387-423-6
No full textReview of the book "Introduction to Information Science and Technology", edited by C. H. Davis and D. Shaw
Music for the D Row
No full textAmy Shaw, Associate Professor of Library, received a $2,000 Faculty Research & Scholarly Activities Grant to document an older style of Irish traditional dance music as performed by players of the C#/D button accordion or one-row melodeon. She will interview, and collect field recordings from, several musicians living in Ireland or the U.S. She will also study early recordings made on wax cylinder and 78-rpm records. The goal is to produce a book
Estudo do escoamento imiscível água/óleo mediante experimentação em célula de Hele-Shaw e simulação CFD
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia QuímicaO estudo de sistemas água-óleo é de fundamental importância para diversos processos industriais. Procedimentos como a recuperação secundária de petróleo e o bombeamento de óleos de viscosidade elevada, mediante a injeção conjunta de água, exemplificam situações na indústria petrolífera em que o comportamento da interface água-óleo traz importantes conseqüências para a eficiência da produção. Também nos casos de vazamentos a partir de dutos submersos, e na contaminação de águas subterrâneas pela proximidade de uma fase óleo, os aspectos fenomenológicos desse sistema imiscível devem ser conhecidos a fim de que medidas adequadas de remediação e quantificação dos danos ambientais possam ser postos em prática. O fato de o petróleo ser, de um modo geral, mais viscoso e menos denso que a água faz com que, no escoamento simultâneo desses dois fluidos, a água apresente a tendência de se deslocar com maior velocidade em relação ao óleo. Como conseqüência, dependendo das diferenças de viscosidades e densidades entre os dois fluidos, além das forças de tensão interfacial, pode vir a ocorrer o fenômeno de digitação viscosa. Assim, no deslocamento de óleo por injeção de água, fingers gerados a partir da fase água podem penetrar na fase óleo, ocasionando um retardamento no deslocamento do óleo com saída antecipada da água, o que representa um prejuízo para a operação. Uma ferramenta de simulação fluidodinâmica, apta a descrever corretamente os fenômenos e padrões de escoamento de um sistema águaóleo, sob diferentes condições operacionais, pode se constituir em notável instrumento para aprofundar conhecimentos da fenomenologia envolvida e, também, gerar elementos de inovação tecnológica para as diferentes aplicações Neste trabalho, explora-se o comportamento de um sistema água-óleo através de um modelo tridimensional de uma célula de Hele-Shaw. Esse modelo reproduz uma célula real carregada com água e óleo com dimensões de 100 cm de comprimento por 30 cm de largura, com espaçamento típico entre as placas de 0,10 cm. Uma série de ensaios computacionais foram realizados para validar o modelo, além dos critérios usuais de estabilidade numérica e fechamento de balanços. O modelo computacional da célula de Hele-Shaw, possibilitou a observação do comportamento da interface. As propriedades dos fluídos (densidade, viscosidade e tensão superficial) e fenômenos físicos (temperatura, capilaridade, força gravitacional e velocidade de injeção do fluído) influenciaram diretamente na resposta do sistema. Através de simulações computacionais foi possível estudar individualmente a importância e efeito que cada fator exerce sobre o sistema, desde as propriedades dos fluidos até as condições de contorno aplicadas, foi possível também, identificar o grau de atuação das forças interfaciais, gravitacional e do arraste viscoso, levando ao surgimento do fenômeno de digitação viscosa. Comprovou-se que o aumento das forças capilares costuma levar a um aumento da instabilidade, com conseqüente aumento no número de fingers desenvolvidos, aumentando a área de óleo em atraso e reduzindo a eficiência do processo. The study of systems water-oil is of fundamental importance for several industrial processes. Procedures as the secondary recovery of petroleum and the pum situations in the industry of petroleum where the behavior of the interface wateroil brings important consequences for the efficiency of the production. Also in the cases where happen leaks starting from ducts submerged, and in cases of contamination of underground waters for the proximity of a phase oil, the aspects of phenomena of that system immiscible should be known so that appropriate measures of recovery and quantification of the environmental damages can be put into practice. The fact of the petroleum to be, in general, more viscous and less dense than the water does with that, in the simultaneous drainage of those two fluids, the water presents the tendency of moving with larger speed in relation to the oil. As consequence, depending on the differences of viscosities and densities among the two fluids, besides the forces of interface tension, it can come to happen the phenomenon of viscous fingering. Like this, in the oil displacement with injection of water, fingers generated starting from the phase water can penetrate in the phase oil, causing retardation in the displacement of the oil with premature exit of the water, what represents damage for the operation. A tool CFD # Computational Fluid Dynamics, capable to describe the phenomena and patterns of drainage of a system water-oil correctly, under different operational conditions, it can be constituted in notable instrument to deepen knowledge of the involved phenomenology and, also, to generate elements of technological innovation for the different applications. In this work, the behavior of a system water-oil is explored through a 3D model of a cell of Hele-Shaw. That model reproduces a real cell loaded with water and oil with dimensions of 100 cm of length for 30 cm of width, with typical spacing among the plates of 0,10 cm. A series of rehearsals computation was accomplished to validate the model, besides the usual criteria of numeric stability and closing of swingings. The computational model of the cell of Hele-Shaw, made possible the observation of the behavior of the interface. The properties of those flowed (density, viscosity and tension surface) and physical (temperature, capillarity, forces gravitational and speed of injection of the flowed) phenomena influenced directly in the answer of the system. Through computational simulations it was possible to study the importance and effect that each factor exercises on the system individually, from the properties of the fluids to the outline conditions applied, it was possible also, to identify the degree of performance of the interface forces, gravitational and of the it drags viscous, taking to the appearance of the phenomenon of viscous fingering. To prove that the increase of the capillary forces take the an increase of the instability, with consequent increase in the number of developed fingers, increasing the oil area in delay and reducing the efficiency of the process
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