1,720,956 research outputs found
Effect of Heterojunction Characteristics and Deep Electronic Levels on the Performance of (Cd,Zn)S/Sb2Se3 Solar Cells
No full textAntimony selenide (Sb2Se3) is an Earth-abundant and non-toxic material that stands out as a promising absorber for the fabrication of thin film solar cells. Despite significant advancements in recent years, all the devices reported in the literature exhibit open-circuit voltages well below the theoretical value. Identifying the factors contributing to this low voltage is an essential step for increasing the efficiency beyond the recently attained 10% milestone and moving closer to the theoretical limit. In this paper, we present the results of an in-depth analysis of a Sb2Se3 solar cell in the common superstrate configuration. By making use of current density–voltage characteristic as a function of both temperature and wavelength, capacitance–voltage measurements, and admittance spectroscopy, we ascribe the low open-circuit voltage to the presence of a potential barrier within the absorber material near the junction interface Furthermore, it was observed that the junction behavior in the dark and under illumination changes, which is compatible with the presence of deep electronic levels connected with intrinsic point defects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Assessment of Trapping Phenomena in As‐Grown and Thermally‐Treated Si‐Doped κ‐Ga2O3 Layers via Optical Admittance Spectroscopy
No full textAbstract The impact of thermal treatments on the trapping phenomena in (001) Si‐doped κ‐Ga2O3 epi‐layers, via optical admittance spectroscopy technique, is reported. Two Pt/κ‐Ga2O3 Schottky contacts are investigated: one made on top of an as‐grown Si‐doped κ‐Ga2O3 layer and the other on a thermally treated one. Three different illumination conditions, including monochromatic UV‐C (λ = 254 nm), UV‐B (λ = 312 nm), and UV‐A (λ = 365 nm), are employed for the capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements at different bias and AC frequencies to investigate traps and deep levels in κ‐Ga2O3:Si. The net donor density profiles in dark and approximate density of photoionized traps of the as‐grown and thermally treated samples are extracted from the C–V curves in the dual‐frequency mode under different illumination conditions. A SnO/κ‐Ga2O3 p‐n heterojunction, where the κ‐Ga2O3:Si layer underwent a double thermal treatment, is also investigated to better understand the relation between thermal treatment and distribution of trap density. The transient photocapacitance and photocurrent measurements are performed under the same illumination conditions to evaluate the response times of traps. This study provides a better understanding of the trapping phenomena in the as‐grown and thermally treated κ‐Ga2O3:Si epi‐layers, which are important for UV‐C detection applications
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Crystalline phase evolution in CuSbS2 solar absorber thin films fabricated via spray pyrolysis
No full textAmong the various types of solar cells, thin film solar cells stand out for their affordability, durability, and
lightness. CuSbS2 as an absorber in thin film solar cells holds a particular appeal due to its unique characteristics such as high absorption coefficient, suitable band gap, and high p-type carrier concentrations. One of the major challenges in the production of CuSbS2 thin films is related to the probability of different phases/materials formation including Cu–Sb–S ternary and S–Sb, Cu–S binary compounds. Consequently, a competition arises among the formation of aforementioned system compounds, which can be affected by the growth conditions. The aim of this study was to understand the evolution of the formation of different binary and ternary compounds during the growth of the CuSbS2 layer by the spray pyrolysis technique, which is essential for tailoring the material’s properties for solar applications. To this end, the effect of different growth conditions including Cu:Sb ratio, substrate temperature, and spraying rate were investigated. It has been demonstrated that these growth
parameters significantly influence the microstructural and optical properties of CuSbS2 layers. The experimental approach presented in this study is of general interest for the fabrication of CuSbS2 layers by spray pyrolysis technique, and it can shed light on the relationship between synthesizing conditions and binary and/or ternary crystalline phase evolution
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