136 research outputs found
Correction to: Ecological distribution conflicts as forces for sustainability: an overview and conceptual framework
No full textThe article Ecological distribution conflicts as forces for sustainability: an overview and conceptual framework, written by Arnim Scheidel, Leah Temper, Federico Demaria and Joan Martínez‑Alier was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 13 December 2017 without open access.
With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the
copyright of the article changed on 13 December 2017 to ©
The Author(s) 2017 and the article is forthwith distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/
by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution
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as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and
the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license
and indicate if changes were made.
The original article was corrected
The cell biology of smell
No full textThe olfactory system detects and discriminates myriad chemical structures across a wide range of concentrations. To meet this task, the system utilizes a large family of G protein–coupled receptors—the odorant receptors—which are the chemical sensors underlying the perception of smell. Interestingly, the odorant receptors are also involved in a number of developmental decisions, including the regulation of their own expression and the patterning of the olfactory sensory neurons' synaptic connections in the brain. This review will focus on the diverse roles of the odorant receptor in the function and development of the olfactory system.</jats:p
ΑΝΤΙΩΦΕΛΙΜΙΣΜΟΣ
No full textAnti-utilitarianism is a school of thought that critiques the hegemony of the epistemological postulates of economics in the humanities and social sciences. Anti-utilitarians assert the crucial importance of the social bond when compared to self-interest. They outline a gift exchange paradigm that aims to overstep two major frameworks of the social sciences: holism and methodological individualism. In 1981, the French sociologist, Alain Caillé, and the Swiss anthropologist, Gérald Berthoud, gave birth to MAUSS – Mouvement anti-utilitariste dans les sciences sociales (Anti-utilitarian Movement
in the Social Sciences). This brilliant acronym reproduces the surname of the author of The Gift (1924), Marcel Mauss. Most anti-utilitarians reproach Latouche for the choice of the term “degrowth”: it implicitly embeds the alternative into the economic imaginary. They call, instead, for a “political” critique of boundlessness and excess, uprooting the discourse from an ethical level
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Role of the broadly expressed olfactory receptor OlfCc1 in mediating amino acid detection in Zebrafish
No full textA family of 63 class C GPCR olfactory receptors, termed the `OlfC' family, is expressed in the microvillous cell population of the zebrafish olfactory epithelium and has been predicted to be involved in amino acid detection. While the majority of the receptors are expressed in a scattered, random fashion, the receptor OlfCc1 is present in most or all microvillous cells. The overlapping expression patterns of the broadly expressed OlfCc1 with the punctuate OlfCs suggests that there may be co-expression of these populations. I was interested in investigating the function of OlfCc1 as well as the prediction that the microvillous cells expressing it are amino acid responsive. My hypothesis is that OlfCc1 plays a critical role in mediating olfactory amino acid detection. In order to test this, I first generated a peptide antibody against OlfCc1 to better characterize its distribution in adult and larval zebrafish. I then employed an antisense morpholino mediated knockdown strategy to investigate the effects of loss of OlfCc1 function. An immunohistological assessment with a panel of markers revealed that the loss of OlfCc1 did not cause gross alterations to the cellular architecture of the developing olfactory system. To explore possible affects on odorant detection, I established an in vivo assay to examine odorant-evoked activity in the olfactory bulb of morphant zebrafish expressing the genetically encoded calcium sensor GCaMP1.6 under the neuronal promoter HuC. The results of these experiments indicated that the loss of OlfCc1 severely abrogates the olfactory bulb response to a pool of 9 amino acids containing members of each of the four amino acid classes: acidic, basic, and short chain and long chain neutral. The responses to pools of other odorants thought to act through different cellular pathways, the bile acids and the biogenic amines, as well as to a complex food extract, were not significantly affected. I showed in fish in which OlfcC1 expression had not been knocked down that sub-pools of amino acids, isoleucine and leucine vs. arginine and lysine, evoked differential patterns of activity. This suggests that these responses are mediated by different populations of receptors, and that the effects of OlfCc1 knockdown are consistent across these populations. The severe effect on amino acid evoked activity in the olfactory bulb, which receives innervation from all populations of olfactory neurons, also supports the hypothesis that OlfC expressing microvillous cells are primarily mediating the response to amino acids. Together, these results support the hypothesis that OlfCc1 is broadly critical for amino acid detection and raise the intriguing possibility that it may be acting as a heteromeric co-receptor with the other OlfC family members
Antiutilitarismo
No full textAnti-utilitarianism is a school of thought that critiques the hegemony of the epistemological postulates of economics in the humanities and social sciences. Anti-utilitarians assert the crucial importance of the social bond when compared to self-interest. They outline a gift exchange paradigm that aims to overstep two major frameworks of the social sciences: holism and methodological individualism. In 1981, the French sociologist, Alain Caillé, and the Swiss anthropologist, Gérald Berthoud, gave birth to MAUSS – Mouvement anti-utilitariste dans les sciences sociales (Anti-utilitarian Movement
in the Social Sciences). This brilliant acronym reproduces the surname of the author of The Gift (1924), Marcel Mauss. Most anti-utilitarians reproach Latouche for the choice of the term “degrowth”: it implicitly embeds the alternative into the economic imaginary. They call, instead, for a “political” critique of boundlessness and excess, uprooting the discourse from an ethical level
Paideia: the ancient prescription for modern America
No full textBoston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at [email protected]. Thank you.2999-01-0
Investigation of biologically active zeolite: role of colonization in the removal of 14C-labelled sulfamethoxazole in wastewater
No full textUp-to-date approaches to remove micropollutants in wastewater treatment are based on adsorbing materials like activated carbon. These fossil-based materials can also provide a surface for microbial colonization, which could further improve the removal of MPs. As zeolite filters have shown interesting performance in the removal of MPs in previous works, this study aimed to investigate the effect of microbial colonization on such filters on the elimination of 14C-labelled sulfamethoxazole (SMX), an antibiotic from the class of sulfonamides. Lab scale removal tests were set in 100 mL reactors and monitored for 150 days at room temperature. Taxa known to be linked to organic pollutant degradation (Caulobacterales, Rhizobiales, Burkholderiales) were found among the microbial community attached to the zeolite. Bacterial colonization of zeolite filters improved the removal of 14C-sulfamethoxazole by 35 % compared to the control. An analysis of the microbial community dynamics over time revealed the increased abundance of the Vicinamibacterales taxon after 50 days of contact with SMX. This order abundance, linked to degradation of sulfonamides, went from 0 to 17 %; and Shannon diversity ranged from 1.51 to 1.99. Data showed that zeolite filters as adsorbing material in wastewater treatment plants can improve MPs removal by supporting bacterial colonization, making it an interesting support that could synergize with biological activated carbon
Nouveaux développements relatifs à l’article 98-1 du Statut de Rome
No full textArticle 98-1 of the Rome Statute regulates the particular situation in which the International Criminal Court (ICC) requests that a Member state surrender an accused benefiting from immunities granted by a non-party state. In such a case, the Court must obtain beforehand the withdrawal of this protection by the third-party state. This provision – relatively technical – did not lead one to expect the legal battle undertaken since between the Court and several states about the Sudanese President, Omar Al Bashir. Al Bashir, subject to an arrest warrant since 2009, has not yet been arrested and turned over, despite being welcomed by ICC Member states in the context of his numerous diplomatic travels. Citing the above-mentioned provision, these states argue that, for lack of a waiver of immunity by the Republic of Sudan, they cannot comply with the Court’s requests. In July 2017, a Pre-Trial Chamber inaugurated a third legal position justifying the turning over of President Al Bashir, notwithstanding the above-mentioned provision, based on Resolution 1593 (2005) of the Security Council. This article examines this legal imbroglio, and analyzes the reasons for which this third path should not, the author argues, constitute the last one.L’article 98-1 du Statut de Rome régit la situation particulière dans laquelle la Cour pénale internationale requiert d’un État partie la remise d’un accusé disposant d’immunités émanant d’un État non partie. Dans ce cas, la Cour doit préalablement obtenir la levée de cette protection par l’État tiers. Cette disposition – relativement technique – ne laissait présager lors de son adoption la bataille judiciaire engagée depuis entre la Cour et de nombreux États à propos du Président soudanais, Omar Al Bashir. Ce dernier, soumis à un mandat d’arrêt depuis 2009, n’a toujours pas été arrêté et livré malgré son accueil par des États membres de la CPI lors de nombreux déplacements diplomatiques. Se fondant sur la disposition précitée, ces États avancent que, faute de renonciation à l’immunité par la République du Soudan, ils ne peuvent faire droit aux demandes de la Cour. En juillet 2017, une Chambre préliminaire a inauguré une troisième position juridique justifiant la remise du Président Al Bashir, nonobstant la disposition précitée, en se fondant sur la Résolution 1593 (2005) du Conseil de sécurité. Cet article examine cet imbroglio juridique, et analyse les raisons pour lesquelles cette troisième voie ne devrait, de l’avis de l’auteur, être la dernière.El artículo 98 (1) del Estatuto de Roma rige la situación especial en que la Corte Penal Internacional exige a un Estado Parte que entregue a un acusado las inmunidades de un Estado no Parte. En este caso, el Tribunal primero debe obtener el levantamiento de esta protección por parte del tercer Estado. Esta disposición -relativamente técnica -dejaba presagiar en el momento de su adopción la batalla judicial voluntaria después entre la Corte y de numerosos Estados a propósito del Presidente sudanés, Omar Al Bashir. Este último, sometido a una orden de detención desde el 2009, no ha sido detenido ni entregado a pesar de su acogida por Estados miembro de la CPI en el momento de numerosos desplazamientos diplomáticos. Fundándose sobre la disposición precitada, estos Estados afirman que por falta de renuncia a la inmunidad por la República de Sudán, no pueden hacer justicia a las demandas de la Corte. En julio de 2017, una cámara preliminar inauguró la tercera posición jurídica que justificaba la entrega del Presidente Al Bashir, a pesar de la disposición precitada, fundándose sobre la Resolución 1593 (2005) del Consejo de seguridad. Este artículo examina este embrollo jurídico, y analiza las razones para las cuales esta tercera vía debería, de la opinión del autor, ser la última.Demaria Tiphaine. Nouveaux développements relatifs à l’article 98-1 du Statut de Rome. In: Revue Québécoise de droit international, volume 1-1, 2017. Hors-série décembre 2017 – Etudes de certains grands enjeux de la justice internationale pénale. pp. 125-141
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