14 research outputs found
A valued Indian medicinal plant – Begonia malabarica Lam. : Successful plant regeneration through various explants and field performance
No full textA cost-effective and efficient protocol has been described in the present work for large-scale and rapid in vitro propagation of a valuable medicinal herb Begonia malabarica Lam. (Begoniaceae) by shoot auxiliary-bud proliferation and organogenesis on MS medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA; 0.0-8.8 mg/l) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA; 0.0-2.88 mg/l) at different concentrations, either alone or in combinations. Initiation of callus formation from the base of the leaf lamina was observed on MS supplemented with BA, IAA and adenine sulphate. Root induction on shoots was achieved on full strength MS with IAA/ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at different concentrations. MS medium with 4.4 mg/l BA and 1.4 mg/l IAA elicited the maximum number of shoots (10 multiple shoots) from nodal explants. Leaf-based callus differentiated into more than 28 shoots on MS with 150 mg/l adenine sulphate. The regenerated shoots were rooted on MS with 1.2 mg/l IBA within ten days. Almost 95% of the rooted shoots survived hardening when transferred to the field. The regenerated plants did not show any morphological change and variation in levels of secondary metabolites when compared with the mother stock. Thus, a reproduction of B. malabarica was established through nodal and leaf explants. This protocol can be exploited for conservation and commercial propagation of this medical plant in the Indian subcontinent and might be useful for genetic improvement programs
Effect of indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on some growth parameters and phytochemical constituents of Pogostemon patchouli Pellet
No full textPatchouli (Pogostemon patchouli Pellet) is an important aromatic crop cultivated for its essential oil used in cosmetics. arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is known to modify several aspects of plant physiology and phytochemical constituents. Hence, a study was conducted on the efficacy of certain AM fungi in the improvement of some growth parameters and content of some phytochemical constituents in the leaves of P. patchouli. Patchouli seedlings were raised in soil inoculated with isolates of seven indigenous AM fungi, viz. Acaulospora scrobiculata, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus aggregatum, G. geosporum, G. mosseae, Sclerocystis pakistanika and Scutellospora heterogama. Seedlings raised in the presence of AM fungi generally showed an increase in growth, nutritional ingredients (sugars, N, P, K, Zn, Ca and Mn), total chlorophyll, and secondary metabolites in the leaves of patchouli compared to those from seedlings grown in the absence of AM fungi, the extent of increase, however, being varied with the AM fungi species. Furthermore, it was found that the phosphorus concentration was positively correlated with all growth parameters and content of phytochemical constituents (except essential oil), and that G. aggregatum seemed to be the best AM symbiont for the patchouli plant used in this experiment
Variability in growth, nutrition and phytochemical constituents of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng. as influenced by indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
No full textA study was conducted under greenhouse nursery condition on the efficacy of seven indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the improvement of growth, biomass, nutrition and phytochemical constituents, namely total phenols, ortho dihydroxy phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins, in the roots and leaves of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour) Spreng. Seedlings were raised in polythene bags containing soil inoculated with isolates of seven different indigenous AM fungi, viz. Acaulospora bireticulata, A. scrobiculata, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus aggregatum, G. mosseae, G. geosporum, and Scutellospora heterogama. P. amboinicus seedlings raised in the presence of AM fungi generally showed an increase in plant growth, nutritional status and phytochemical constituents over those grown in the absence of AM fungi. The extent of growth, biomass, nutritional status and phytochemical constituents enhanced by AM fungi varied with the species of AM fungi inhabiting the roots and leaves of P. amboinicus seedlings. Considering the various plant growth parameters, nutritional status of the plant, total phenols, ortho dihydroxy phenols, alkaloids , flavonoids , tannins, and saponins in the roots and leaves, it was observed that Gigaspora margarita is the best AM symbiont for P. amboinicus used in this experiment
Survey of crude drugs from Coimbatore city
No full text376-383In order to prepare a list of the raw drugs sold in Coimbatore city, a market
survey was conducted. There are 72 species spreading over 41 families and
according to their life forms, 29 are herbs, 13 shrubs, 23 trees and 7 climbers
and 88% of these belong to the dicotyledons. It was also noticed that various
plant parts were used as crude drugs. The species like Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. ex Del. subsp. indica (Benth.) Brenan, Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall.
ex Nees, Eclipta prostrata (Linn.)
Linn., Adhatoda zeylanica Medic., Zingiber officinale Rosc., Acorus calamus Linn., Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban, Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn., Solanum nigrum Linn. and Gymnema sylvestre (Retz) Schult. have
higher market potential. Most of the crude drugs are already commercially
cultivated in India
but a few endangered plants like Dysoxylum
malabaricum Bedd., Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. ex Kurz
are also sold in the market. If the same trend continues, we may have to lose
our valuable plant heritage by way of over exploitation of the wild and
endangered species. There is an urgent need of documentation
of this irreplaceable knowledge to meet the ever growing demand of medicinal
plants in the market
Mapping and Visualizing Research of COVID-19 with Immunology: A Bibliometric Study
No full textThis paper aims to demonstrate the World’s scientific contribution to COVID-19 and Immunology research for 2020–2022 and the emerging research pattern using various bibliometric parameters. The research publications were
retrieved from the SCOPUS database and analyzed using MS Excel, R Studio, and VOS Viewer software. The VOS Viewer software is mainly used for networking and visualization to understand the research pattern better. A total of 2877 documents were retrieved from SCOPUS using the search topic
COVID-19 and Immunology. The research found that DIAO B was a prolific author in COVID-19 and Immunology research, with 1247 publications. The most productive countries and institutions in this field were the USA (555 publications) and Huazhong university of science and technology (409
publications). The five hot author keywords are COVID-19, Sars-cov-2, Vaccine, Coronavirus and Antibody. The present study provides various networking map of research publications regarding the immune response
during COVID-19 infection. The results benefit researchers and practitioners in India and worldwide for understanding the pattern of research on COVID19 and identifying the potential immune response against SARS-CoV-
Assessment on ground-level nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3) at secondary forest of Mata Ayer and Kangar, Perlis
No full textA Scientometric Exploration of Global Publications of Yoga Research from 2002-2021
No full textThe paper aims to provide an in-depth evaluation of the research output of Yoga for a period of 20 years, from 2002-2021. A total of 3498 documents retrieved from the Web of Science(WoS) database are considered for this analysis. The research finds that Cramer, H. was a most prolific author in Yoga scientific research with the highest 79 publications and top 2980 global citations. The most productive country is the USA, with 23967 publications, followed by India (5822) and Australia (2258). There was a significant increase in publications during the period of study. Most articles were published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. The highest number of Yoga research papers were contributed by two Indian institutions: All India Institute of Medical Sciences and the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences. Cramer H’ published the highest number of papers. The present study will be helpful for other researchers for further studies on Yoga research and policymakers for funding decisions and strategies
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processing
No full textStatement of Retraction: Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processingWe, the journal office and Publisher of Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM), have retracted the following article:Sundaram, R., Nachimuthu, R., Sivanandam, A. K., & Natarajan, J. (2024). Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processing. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2024.2320083Following publication, the publisher was contacted by a third party with concerns about the integrity of the data, specifically:1. Apparent similarities between Figure 3a in the above article and the image in Figure 2d of:Singh, A., Akhil, U.V., Kishan, S.N., Anoosa Sree, R., Radhika, N., & Rajeshkumar, L (2024). Synthesis of a novel AlBeSiTiV light weight HEA coating on SS316 using atmospheric plasma spray process. Heliyon, 10(16). https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e359992. The XRD spectra plotted in Figure 15 appear to have the same background noise.When contacted by the journal for an explanation, the authors were unable to address the concerns raised. As a result of these concerns, the STAM office no longer has confidence in the validity of the findings in the article, and therefore we are retracting the article from the journal. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed. The author does not agree with the retraction.We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’
Avaliação da atividade antitumoral do extrato bruto e supercrítico de Cordia verbenacea
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Florianópolis, 2010O câncer está entre as causas mais freqüentes de morte no mundo. É considerado um importante problema de saúde pública em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, sendo a segunda causa de morte no Brasil e no mundo, superado somente pelas doenças do sistema cardiovascular. Apesar disto até o momento não existe uma terapia efetiva para o tratamento de todos os tipos de câncer além de que a maioria dos quimioterápicos em uso apresentam elevada toxicidade. Esforços vêm sendo dirigidos no sentido de desenvolver fármacos antitumorais tão ou mais eficazes do que os quimioterápicos já disponíveis, porém com menor toxicidade e potencial para desenvolver resistência terapêutica. Muitos dos medicamentos utilizados atualmente resultaram da purificação de produtos naturais, principalmente vegetais. Neste contexto, o presente projeto objetivou avaliar o potencial antitumoral de Cordia verbenacea planta medicinal brasileira, vulgarmente conhecida como erva baleeira que é popularmente utilizada em Santa Catarina para tratamento de tumores e inflamações. Para se atingir tal objetivo foram realizados experimentos para avaliar a atividade citotóxica e antiproliferativa in vitro e antitumoral in vivo. Para tanto, realizou-se os ensaios de viabilidade celular (MTT) em células de tumor ascítico de Ehrlich (TAE) e MCF-7, proliferação celular (incorporação de [3H] timidina) e capacidade pró-poptótica (Brometo de etídio/Laranja de acridina (BE/LA)) em células TAE. Além disso, verificou-se o possível efeito dos extratos sobre o DNA plasmidial (atividade nucleásica) assim como a capacidade protetora do extrato sobre o DNA (com a geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio com Fe-EDTA). Foi avaliada a expressão da COX-2 através de Wertern blot em células MCF-7. A determinação da atividade antitumoral in vivo foi realizada em camundongos Balb/c inoculados com o TAE e tratados com extrato bruto (EB) e supercrítico (ESC) nas concentrações de 37,5; 75 e 150 mg/Kg. Nos ensaios do MTT e incorporação de timidina triciada os resultados demonstraram que o EB e ESC reduziram de maneira significativa a viabilidade e proliferação celular. A coloração com BE/LA revelou que o provável tipo de morte celular induzida pelos tratamentos trata-se de apoptose, uma vez que a grande maioria das células adquiriram uma coloração laranja-avermelhada, característica de células apoptóticas. Os extratos mostraram-se ineficazes no teste de ativação nucleásica. O ESC foi capaz de reduzir significativamente a expressão da COX-2 em células MCF-7. Os ensaios in vivo demonstram que tanto EB quanto ESC apresentaram efeitos antitumorais, sendo os melhores resultados observados para a dose de 150 mg/Kg. O tratamento com os extratos também causou importante inibição do crescimento tumoral nos camundongos, principalmente o ESC. EB e ESC elevaram a proporção de células inviáveis/viáveis em mais de duas vezes quando comparado ao controle negativo. EB e ESC aumentaram o tempo médio de sobrevida e a concentração de GSH. De acordo com os resultados podemos concluir que ESC apresentou atividade antitumoral mais potente que o extrato bruto. Os resultados obtidos foram favoráveis à validação da utilidade de C. verbenacea como potencial agente antitumoral. Além disso, foi considerado que o método de extração supercrítica pode aprimorar a atividade antitumoral de C. verbenacea, como demonstrado com os resultados apresentados acima, uma vez que estes efeitos provavelmente se devam à presença de ?-humuleno e ?-cariofileno presente nos extratos, especialmente no extrato supercrítico. Também a partir dos resultados obtidos podemos supor que um possível mecanismo de ação antitumoral dos extratos possa ser a redução da expressão da COX-2, o que poderia levar a um bloqueio da sobrevivência celular e indução da apoptose
Clinical characteristics and novel mutations of omicron subvariant XBB in Tamil Nadu, India–a cohort study
No full textBackground Despite the continued vaccination efforts, there had been a surge in breakthrough infections, and the emergence of the B.1.1.529 omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in India. There is a paucity of information globally on the role of newer XBB variants in community transmission. Here, we investigated the mutational patterns among hospitalised patients infected with the XBB omicron sub-variant, and checked if there was any association between the rise in the number of COVID-19 cases and the observed novel mutations in Tamil Nadu, India. Methods Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients were subjected to real-time PCR followed by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to rule out the ambiguity of mutations in viruses isolated from the patients (n = 98). Using the phylogenetic association, the mutational patterns were used to corroborate clinico-demographic characteristics and disease severity among the patients. Findings Overall, we identified 43 mutations in the S gene across 98 sequences, of which two were novel mutations (A27S and T747I) that have not been reported previously with XBB sub-variants in the available literature. Additionally, the XBB sequences from our cohort had more mutations than omicron B.1.1.529. The phylogenetic analysis comprising six major branches clearly showed convergent evolution of XBB. Our data suggests that age, and underlying conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) or secondary complications confers increased susceptibility to infection rather than vaccination status or prior exposure. Many vaccinated individuals showed evidence of a breakthrough infection, with XBB.3 being the predominant variant identified in the study population. Interpretation Our study indicates that the XBB variant is highly evasive from available vaccines and may be more transmissible, and potentially could emerge as the 'next' predominant variant, which likely could overwhelm the existing variants of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants.Funding National Health Mission (India), SIDA SARC, VINNMER (Sweden), ORIP/NIH (USA).Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Funding Agencies|National Health Mission (India); SIDA SARC; VINNMER (Sweden); ORIP/NIH (USA)</p
