177,239 research outputs found
Environmental and Parental Influences on Offspring Health and Growth in Great Tits (Parus major)
No full textPMCID: PMC3728352This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
BovTrace: interoperabilidade e acessibilidade para a rastreabilidade animal SISBOV e do AgriTrace CNA/Senar.
No full textDemandas nacionais e internacionais por rastreabilidade. SISBOV e protocolos privados da CNA/SENAR. Evolução da solução de app para API BovTrace. Análise de redes semânticas de discursos de protocolos da rede AgriTrace CNA/Senar. API BovTrace na Plataforma AgroAPI como solução emergente. Inserção e consulta de dados por aplicações clientes. Como funciona a API BovTrace
Penerapan Inovasi Model Instrumen Musik Kulcapi Senar 4 pada Kelompok Seniman Tradisional Produktif di Kecamatan Kabanjahe Kabupaten Karo
No full textStudi ini bertujuan menjelaskan proses penerapan produk hasil inovasi kulcapi senar 4, pada kelompok seniman tradisional produktif yang ada di Kecamatan Kabanjahe, Kabupaten Karo. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, mengikuti pendapat Miles dan Huberman (1984) yakni: 1) pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara dan pengamatan; 2) pengamatan intisari dokumen; 3) perekaman dan pencatatan; 4) reduksi data; 5) memilih hal-hal yang pokok untuk dapat direduksi; 6) memfokuskan hal-hal yang penting dan membuang yang tidak perlu; dan 7) menyajikan data secara lengkap dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan data dalam bentuk teks yang bersifat naratif dan bagan. Penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi dilakukan pada bagian konklusi. Dalam studi ini dideskripsikan kulcapi 4 senar menjadi solusi alternatif yang memungkinkan para seniman untuk mengeksplorasi nada-nada dengan jangkauan yang lebih luas. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa inovasi model instrumen musik kulcapi senar 4 merupakan pengembangan konsep organologi dari senar 2 menjadi senar 4 dengan alasan untuk dapat mengeksplorasi dan menjangkau nada-nada secara lebih luas. Penerapan inovasi model instrumen kulcapi senar 4 pada kelompok seniman produktif di Kecamatan Kabanjahe Kabupaten Karo bertujuan membentuk kemampuan seniman produktif dalam menciptakan inovasi atau memproduksi instrumen kulcapi senar 4, yang dampaknya dapat meningkatkan perekonomian seniman. Serta untuk menciptakan atau mengembangkan ide dan konsep baru dalam menyajikan pertunjukan musik ansambel gendang kulcapi Karo
Ornamentos múltiples: Mecanismos, función y evolución.
No full text[spa] El uso de señales múltiples de calidad es común en numerosas especies, pero este hecho no es fácil de explicar. Las presiones fluctuantes del ambiente podrían tener un rol importante en el origen y mantenimiento de las señales múltiples, y las implicaciones evolutivas de esta hipótesis enfatizan la importancia de realizar nuevos estudios sobre señales múltiples. En esta tesis se realizaron diferentes estudios sobre la señalización múltiple del plumaje de dos especies de aves: El carbonero común (Parus major) y el lúgano (Carduelis spinus).
En el primer capítulo se examinó la banda alar amarilla del lúgano, un ornamento sexual basado en carotenoides. Se vio que machos con bandas alares mayores eran más rápidos resolviendo un problema de forrajeo. Esto sugiere la existencia de una selección sexual de habilidades cognitivas en el lúgano.
En el segundo capítulo, estudiamos la función del babero negro del lúgano como señal de la personalidad del individuo. Descubrimos que lúganos con baberos de mayor tamaño mostraban tendencias exploratorias más rápidas. Este hallazgo apoya la idea de que los ornamentos del plumaje pueden funcionar como señales de la personalidad del individuo.
En el tercer capítulo se examinó cómo las señales múltiples pueden definir el comportamiento sexual extra pareja. Se pudo constatar que la respuesta agonística y la paternidad de machos de carbonero dependía de la interacción entre la corbata negra y la coloración amarilla del pecho del macho, sugiriendo la existencia de diferentes estrategias reproductivas de acuerdo a la calidad individual.
Por último, examinamos las posibles interacciones entre ornamentos sexuales y la familiaridad, mediante experimentos de selección de pareja en lúganos. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la familiaridad puede ser tan importante como los ornamentos sexuales a la hora de determinar los criterios de selección de la hembra.
En conclusión, esta tesis profundiza en el hecho de que las diferentes cualidades de un individuo, reflejadas en distintas señales múltiples, tienen el potencial de ser parte de diferentes estrategias válidas en selección sexual y social, permitiendo una selección más plástica. Esta plasticidad de selección podría ser uno de los mecanismos tras el origen y mantenimiento de las señales múltiples.[eng] In sexual or social selection processes, animals employ traits that signal qualities. The use of multiple signals is known to be well spread in numerous species, but the ultimate reasons for using more than one single signal are not easy to explain. Why would animals invest in several different signals, instead of focusing on only one?
Traditionally, the adaptive hypotheses formulated to explain the existence of multiple signalling have been framed into static scenarios, under constant selection pressures. However, there is increasing awareness of the need to widen this static framework, by taking into account the selection plasticity produced by spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneity. Fluctuating ecological and social environments could have an important role in the origin and maintenance of multiple signals. In an environment where changes happen faster every day, multiple signalling would allow a more flexible, dynamic selection, increasing the odds of survival and fitness. The evolutionary implications of this hypothesis highlight the importance of novel studies in multiple signalling.
In this thesis, we performed several such experiments on the Eurasian siskin (Carduelis spinus) and the Great tit (Parus major). They are two passerine species that show ornaments based on melanins and carotenoids, which makes them a particularly suitable models for the study of multiple signalling.
In the first chapter, the signalling function of the yellow wing stripe of the Eurasian siskin, a carotenoid based sexual ornament, was examined. A problem solving experiment showed that male siskins with longer yellow wing stripes were better foragers. These resuls suggest the existence of sexual selection for cognitive abilities.
In the second chapter, we studied the function of the black bib of the Eurasian siskin as a potential source of information about the personality of the individual. We examined the exploratory behaviour of male siskins, finding that those with larger black bibs had a shorter approaching latency to a novel object. These results support the idea that plumage structures could give information about the personality of its bearer.
The results of these two chapters show that colour signals based on different pigments have separate functions in the siskin, allowing multiple criteria in sexual (and social) selection.
The third chapter examined the effects of different multiple colour signals on the extra pair sexual behaviour of the great tit. By measuring the response of different males to conspecific male intrusions, and the within pair paternity of males depending on their colour traits, we could observe that different combinations of traits where related to the intensity of nest defence, and implied differences in paternity loss. These findings suggest that males might be using different strategies to maximize their qualities.
In the last chapter, we tested the potential interactions between colour sexual ornaments and the previous experience, by sexual selection experiments in siskins. Our results suggest that familiarity adds to attractiveness when female siskins choose a mate. At least in some species, females are using multiple criteria in mate choice, not necessarily related to external signals of quality.
In conclusion, this thesis stress that multiple qualities, signalled by different colour traits, have the potential to be part of different successful social and sexual mate choice strategies, aiding a more plastic selection. Our results support the hypothesis that selection plasticity could be one of the mechanisms behind the origin and maintenance of multiple signal
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Assistência técnica, aperfeiçoamento e atualização em Ovinocultura na região da campanha gaúcha
No full textTrabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.A produção em pequenos ruminantes vem ressurgindo nos últimos anos como fonte de produção e rendimentos para o produtor rural e considerando que a ovinocultura em pequenas e médias propriedades rurais auxilia a manutenção do homem no campo, observa-se a necessidade de apoio ao desenvolvimento destas propriedades rurais, que não apresentam condições econômicas para contratação de apoio técnico ou aperfeiçoamento de seus proprietários, ao manejo de criação. Este trabalho tem o objetivo apresentar o projeto que busca capacitar produtores, técnicos e alunos interessados na produção ovina, através da ótica de uma atividade econômica rentável e estruturada de alto valor agregado e que resulte no resgate da cidadania pela melhor rentabilidade no campo. O trabalho vem sendo desenvolvido em três etapas, sendo elas: assistência direta ao produtor, realização de cursos de capacitação aos produtores, técnicos e estudantes de graduação e ciclos de palestras e/ou seminários para os envolvidos na atividade. Foram realizados dois eventos envolvendo ciclo de palestras e debates sobre diversos temas de interesse na ovinocultura, bem como assistência às propriedades interessadas que foram visitadas para um levantamento completo do sistema de produção e problemas existentes. Na realização dos eventos, ambos contaram com a participação de, em média, 70 pessoas entre produtores, técnicos e discentes dos Cursos de graduação da área das Ciências Agrárias. Na ação da assistência técnica, a partir do diagnostico da situação da propriedade, estão sendo desenvolvidos projetos pecuários com as atuações propostas para cada situação encontrada e orientação ao produtor para implantação das referidas melhorias. Conclui-se que a consolidação da atividade de extensão na área da ovinocultura, através principalmente da realização das palestras e seminários nos temas gerais da ovinocultura, aumenta a possibilidade de incremento na produção deste pequeno ruminante e cria perspectivas que este se torne rentável e capaz de manter a produtividade, também, fora do período safral
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
Educação ambiental para adequação de pequenas propriedades agrícolas.
No full textA adequação ambiental compreende todas as ações a serem desenvolvidas no imóvel rural, visando delimitar, recuperar, recompor e criar condições para a regeneração da vegetação nativa. Por meio do desenvolvimento de ações educativas, é possível realizar tal adequação. Neste trabalho, são apresentados os resultados de um projeto desenvolvido pela Embrapa, Ifam (zona leste) e Senar, em um assentamento da reforma agrária, na zona rural de Manaus (AM). O projeto foi desenvolvido com base em princípios metodológicos participativos. A Educação Ambiental tem representado um instrumento básico para a construção de alternativas. Paulatinamente, as propriedades agrícolas estão sendo adequadas às normas ambientais vigentes, havendo, também, a geração de trabalho e renda para as famílias assentadas
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