1,721,116 research outputs found
Mathematical Definitions of Scene and Scenario for Analysis of Automated Driving Systems in Mixed-Traffic Simulations
Full text linkThis paper introduces a unified mathematical definition for describing commonly used terms encountered in systematical analysis of automated driving systems in mixed-traffic simulations. The most significant contribution of this work is in translating the terms that are clarified previously in literature into a mathematical set and function based format. Our work can be seen as an incremental step towards further formalisation of Domain-Specific-Language (DSL) for scenario representation. We also extended the previous work in the literature to allow more complex scenarios by expanding the model-incompliant information using set-theory to represent the perception capacity of the road-user agents. With this dynamic perception definition, we also support interactive scenarios and are not limited to reactive and pre-defined agent behavior. Our main focus is to give a framework to represent realistic road-user behavior to be used in simulation or computational tool to examine interaction patterns in mixed-traffic conditions. We believe that, by formalising the verbose definitions and extending the previous work in DSL, we can support automatic scenario generation and dynamic/evolving agent behavior models for simulating mixed traffic situations and scenarios. In addition, we can obtain scenarios that are realistic but also can represent rare-conditions that are difficult to extract from field-tests and real driving data repositories
Potential impact of autonomous vehicles in mixed traffic from simulation using real traffic flow
Full text linkThis work focuses on the potential impacts of the autonomous vehicles in a mixed traffic condition represented in traffic simulator Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) with real traffic flow. Specifically, real traffic flow and speed data collected in 2002 and 2019 in Gothenburg were used to simulate daily flow variation in SUMO. In order to predict the most likely drawbacks during the transition from a traffic consisting only manually driven vehicles to a traffic consisting only fully-autonomous vehicles, this study focuses on mixed traffic with different percentages of autonomous and manually driven vehicles. To realize this aim, several parameters of the car following and lane change models of autonomous vehicles are investigated in this paper. Along with the fundamental diagram, the number of lane changes and the number of conflicts are analyzed and studied as measures for improving road safety and efficiency. The study highlights that the autonomous vehicles\u27 features that improve safety and efficiency in 100% autonomous and mixed traffic are different, and the ability of autonomous vehicles to switch between mixed and autonomous driving styles, and vice versa depending on the scenario, is necessary
Cooperative Merging Strategy Between Connected Autonomous Vehicles in Mixed Traffic
Full text linkIn this work we propose a new cooperation strategy between connected autonomous vehicles in on-ramps merging scenarios and we implement the cut-in risk indicator (CRI) to investigate the safety effect of the proposed strategy. The new cooperation strategy considers a pair of vehicles approaching an on-ramp. The strategy then makes decisions on the target speeds/accelerations of both vehicles, possible lane changing, and a dynamic decision-making approach in order to reduce the risk during the cut-in manoeuvre. In this work, the CRI was first used to assess the risk during the merging manoeuvre. For this purpose, scenarios with penetration rates of autonomous vehicles from 20% to 100%, with step of 10%, both connected and non-connected autonomous vehicles were evaluated. As a result, on average a 35% reduction of the cut-in risk manoeuvres in connected autonomous vehicles compared to non-connected autonomous vehicles is obtained. It is shown through the analysis of probability density functions characterising the CRI distribution that the reduction is not homogeneous across all indicator values, but depends on the penetration rate and the severity of the manoeuvre
New microscopic indicators for evaluating traffic efficiency and safety
No full textImproving both safety and efficiency in traffic systems remains a central challenge, especially in the context of increasingly mixed traffic with autonomous and human-driven vehicles. Although many indicators assess either safety or efficiency, few capture both dimensions simultaneously at a microscopic level. This paper introduces two new traffic indicators: Efficiency Index (EI), which measures local speed and spacing regularity, and Safety and Efficiency Index (SEI), which combines EI with a time-to-collision safety component. A tunable version, SEMI, allows greater sensitivity to risk by penalizing safety-critical interactions. Using real-world traffic flow data and simulation via SUMO, we tested these indicators in varying penetration rates of autonomous vehicles. The results show that while AVs improve efficiency across the board, the safety gains become especially pronounced in dense traffic. These findings offer a flexible and interpretable tool for researchers and practitioners in traffic engineering, vehicle automation, and public policy. The proposed indicators can inform the design of AV control models, traffic management strategies, and infrastructure planning where safety-efficiency trade-offs must be explicitly addressed
Safety-centred analysis of transition stages to traffic with fully autonomous vehicles
No full textThe aim of this paper is to highlight and investigate the effects of increasing presence rate of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in terms of traffic safety and traffic flow characteristics. For this purpose, using existing driver models in traffic simulator SUMO we identify and analyze those parameters that characterize and distinguish AVs' driving from manual driving in a heterogeneous traffic context. While it is essential to identify the parameters for traffic flow characteristics of heterogeneous fleets compared to homogeneous ones comprising manually driven vehicles (MV) only (i.e. current status), the safety aspects must be also accounted for. In order to combine these two fundamental aspects of heterogeneous traffic, we used a complete description of a highway driving scenario. The scenario integrates the perceptions of different type of vehicles (i.e. AV and MV) involved and the reaction times of human drivers and decision-making units of autonomous vehicles, to explore the impact of both the rate of AV presence and the perturbation in perception capabilities in highway scenarios
MODEL INDIRECT ASSESSMENT DALAM PENILAIAN SIKAP SPIRITUAL DAN SOSIAL DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYYAH KOTA BATAM
Full text linkABSTRAK
Selpi Indramaya (2022): Model Indirect Assessment dalam Penilaian Sikap
Spiritual dan Sosial di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Kota Batam
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana penilaian sikap
melalui indirect assessment di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Kota Batam selama ini dan
menemukan model penilaian sikap melalui indirect assessment yang relevan
dengan konteks Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Kota Batam. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan
penelitian, maka pendekatan penelitian digunakan adalah pendekatan Kualitatif.
Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan
domkumentasi. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisa dengan menggunakan
pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil ananalisis menunjukkan bahwa pertama, penilaian
sikap spiritual dan sosial melalui indirect assessment di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah
Kota Batam selama ini masih dikategorikan belum otentik, efektif, dan efisien.
Kesimpulan ini didasarkan kepada tiga hal yaitu cara penilaian, peran guru, dan
peran siswa dalam penilaian sikap spiritual dan sosial selama ini. Kedua,
berdasarkan hasil analisis data observasi dan wawancara serta literatur-literatur
yang berkaitan dengan penilaian sikap spiritual dan sosial melalui indirect
assessment, peneliti mendesain satu model penilaian sikap melalui indirect
assessment yang sesuai dengan konteks Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Kota Batam. Model
penilaian yang dimaksud adalah Penilaian Sikap berbasis Multilevel. Model ini
diasumsikan mampu menjadi soslusi bagi permasalahan penilaian sikap spiritual
dan sosial di Madrasah Ibtidaiyyah Kota Batam selama ini.
Kata kunci: Pendidikan Agama Islam, sikap spiritual, sikap sosial, indercet
assessment, multilevel-based indirect assessment
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
ANALISIS NILAI SOSIAL CERITA ANDAI-ANDAI DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG SAKTI PUMI KABUPATEN LAHAT SUMATERA SELATAN
Full text linkANALISIS NILAI SOSIAL CERITA ANDAI-ANDAI DI KECAMATAN TANJUNG SAKTI PUMI KABUPATEN LAHAT SUMATERA SELATAN Ike Tri Pebrianti(1), Selpi Triana(2)STKIP Muhammadiyah [email protected]@gmail.comABSTRAKCerita rakyat merupakan prosa yang disampaikan secara lisan. Cerita rakyat lebih dikenal masyarakat sebagai dongeng, legenda atau cerita lisan yang berlatar belakang sejarah. Cerita rakyat ini, hidup dan berkembang dalam masyarakat tanpa mengetahui siapa pengarangnya. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah nilai sosial dalam cerita andai-andai di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti PUMI Kabupaten Lahat Sumatera Selatan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan nilai sosial dalam cerita andai-andai di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti PUMI Kabupaten Lahat Sumatera Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik catat, simak, rekaman, dan studi kepustakaan. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa cerita andai-andai di Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti PUMI Kabupaten Lahat Sumatera Selatan yang diceritakan secara lisan dalam bahasa daerah (Besemah) oleh penduduk asli Kecamatan Tanjung Sakti PUMI Kabupaten Lahat Sumatera Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dalam andai-andai “Bawang Puteh nga Bawang Abang†nilai sosialnya adalah kepatuhan anak pada tiri ibunya. Selanjutnya pada andai-andai “Batu Belah Batu betangkup†adalah sikap pelit yang tidak boleh ditiru.Kata Kunci : Analisis, Nilai, Cerita ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL VALUE OF THE IFLS STORY IN KECAMATAN TANJUNG SAKTI PUMI, LAHAT DISTRICT, SOUTH SUMATERA ABSTRACTFolklore is a prose that is conveyed orally. Folk stories are better known to the public as fairy tales, legends or oral stories with historical backgrounds. This folklore lives and develops in society without knowing who the author is. The problem in this research is what is the social value in the supposing story in Tanjung Sakti PUMI District, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. The purpose of this research is to describe the social value in the ifsay story in Tanjung Sakti District, PUMI, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection technique uses the technique of note-taking, listening, recording, and literature study. The data source used was a supposing story in Tanjung Sakti PUMI Subdistrict, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra which was told orally in the regional language (Besemah) by the natives of Tanjung Sakti PUMI Subdistrict, Lahat Regency, South Sumatra. The results showed that the social value of "Bawang Puteh nga Bawang Abang" is the child's obedience to the mother's steps. Furthermore, supposing "Batu Belah Batu betangkup" is a stingy attitude that should not be imitated.Keywords: Analysis, Value, StoryÂ
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