118,660 research outputs found
Subchronic memantine induced concurrent functional disconnectivity and altered ultra-structural tissue integrity in the rodent brain: revealed by multimodal MRI
No full textBackground
An effective NMDA antagonist imaging model may find key utility in advancing schizophrenia drug discovery research. We investigated effects of subchronic treatment with the NMDA antagonist memantine by using behavioural observation and multimodal MRI.
Methods
Pharmacological MRI (phMRI) was used to map the neuroanatomical binding sites of memantine after acute and subchronic treatment. Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion MRI were used to study the changes in functional connectivity (FC) and ultra-structural tissue integrity before and after subchronic memantine treatment. Further corroborating behavioural evidences were documented.
Results
Dose-dependent phMRI activation was observed in the prelimbic cortex following acute doses of memantine. Subchronic treatment revealed significant effects in the hippocampus, cingulate, prelimbic and retrosplenial cortices. Decreases in FC amongst the hippocampal and frontal cortical structures (prelimbic, cingulate) were apparent through rs-fMRI investigation, indicating a loss of connectivity. Diffusion kurtosis MRI showed decreases in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity changes, suggesting ultra-structural changes in the hippocampus and cingulate cortex. Limited behavioural assessment suggested that memantine induced behavioural effects comparable to other NMDA antagonists as measured by locomotor hyperactivity and that the effects could be reversed by antipsychotic drugs.
Conclusion
Our findings substantiate the hypothesis that repeated NMDA receptor blockade with nonspecific, noncompetitive NMDA antagonists may lead to functional and ultra-structural alterations, particularly in the hippocampus and cingulate cortex. These changes may underlie the behavioural effects. Furthermore, the present findings underscore the utility and the translational potential of multimodal MR imaging and acute/subchronic memantine model in the search for novel disease-modifying treatments for schizophrenia
Pengolahan susu UHT di Pusat Koperasi Industri Susu (PKIS) Sekar Tanjung Pasuruan
No full textPusat Koperasi Industri Susu (PKIS) Sekar Tanjung merupakan industri pengolahan susu yang berlokasi di Jalan Raya Puntir, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Pendirian PKIS Sekar Tanjung bertujuan untuk memproduksi susu berkualitas, diversifikasi produk, meningkatkan daya saing, serta memasok kebutuhan pasar di wilayah Indonesia bagian timur.
PKIS Sekar Tanjung memproduksi susu ultra high temperature (UHT) bermerk “Clevo” dengan variasi rasa coklat dan stroberi. Tahap-tahap proses produksi antara lain pasteurisasi, homogenisasi I, pencampuran, pendinginan, sterilisasi UHT, homogenisasi II, dan pengemasan. Proses produksi berlangsung secara kontinyu dengan kapasitas 19.200 L per produksi.
Praktek kerja ini memberikan manfaat yaitu pengetahuan mengenai keseluruhan unit pengolahan pangan dari persiapan bahan baku, proses produksi, pengendalian mutu, hingga pemasaran susu UHT “Clevo” yang diproduksi oleh PKIS Sekar Tanjung
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Codrugs Linking l-Dopa and Sulfur-Containing Antioxidants: New Pharmacological Tools against Parkinson’s Disease
No full textA series of multifunctional codrugs (1-6) were synthesized to overcome the pro-oxidant effect associated
with L-dopa (LD) therapy. Target compounds release LD and dopamine (DA) in human plasma after enzymatic
hydrolysis, displaying an antioxidant effect superior to that of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). After intracerebroventricular
injection of codrug 4, the levels of DA in the striatum were higher than those in LD-treated
groups, indicating that this compound has a longer half-life in brain than LD
Codrugs linking L-Dopa and sulfur-containing antioxidants: new pharmacological tools against Parkinson’s Disease
No full textA series of multifunctional codrugs (1-6) were synthesized to overcome the pro-oxidant effect associated with L-dopa (LD) therapy. Target compounds release LD and dopamine (DA) in human plasma after enzymatic hydrolysis, displaying an antioxidant effect superior to that of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). After intracerebroventricular injection of codrug 4, the levels of DA in the striatum were higher than those in LD-treated groups, indicating that this compound has a longer half-life in brain than LD
Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?
No full textIn this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Desakralisasi Tari Sintren Sanggar Sekar Pandan Kota Cirebon
No full textTulisan ini mengupas “Desakralisasi Tari Sintren di Sanggar Sekar Pandan
Kota Cirebon”. Tari Sintren merupakan kesenian tradisional yang memiliki unsur
spiritual dan sakral, terutama dalam konteks budaya Cirebon. Tradisi ini dikenal
dengan unsur mistis dan sakral, seperti proses kerasukan penari oleh roh leluhur.
Dipercaya perlu dilakukan berbagai ritual sebelum pementasan, seperti melakukan
beberapa puasa dan mandi kembang sebelum pementasan serta penari Sintren yang
masih terjaga keperawanan dan kesuciannya. Namun, di Sanggar Sekar Pandan,
terjadi proses desakralisasi, yaitu terjadinya penurunan kesakralan dengan tidak
dilakukannya berbagai macam ritual.
Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif
analisis. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, studi pustaka, dan
dokumentasi. Teori Kontruksi Sosial Realitas milik Peter L. Berger digunakan
sebagai landasan teori pada penelitian ini. Di dalamnya membahas dialektika yang
berlangsung dalam suatu proses dengan tiga “momen” simultan, yakni
eksternalisasi (penyesuaian diri dengan dunia sosio-kultural sebagai produk
manusia), obyektivasi (interaksi sosial dalam dunia intersubyektifikasi yang
dilembagakan atau mengalami proses institusionalisasi), dan internalisasi (individu
mengidentifikasikan diri dengan lembaga-lembaga sosial atau organisasi sosial
tempat individu menjadi anggotanya).
Ketiga aspek tersebut membentuk konfigurasi masyarakat yang terdiri atas
individu maupun kelompok yang saling terhubung. Ketika aspek-aspek ini
diimplementasikan dalam konteks struktur Tari Sintren, struktur internal Sanggar
Sekar Pandan, serta dinamika masyarakat secara umum, maka terbentuklah suatu
proses yang mengarah pada terjadinya desakralisasi Tari Sintren di Sanggar Sekar
Pandan, Kota Cirebon. Proses desakralisasi yang terjadi mengakibatkan terjadinya
transformasi budaya. Transformasi ini mencerminkan upaya masyarakat untuk
menjaga keberlanjutan budaya mereka, sembari membuka diri terhadap inovasi yang
memungkinkan budaya tersebut untuk terus hidup dan diterima oleh generasi muda
Letter from unknown writer to Jesse L. Boyce
No full textLetter to Jesse L. Boyce from unknown author (possibly Jack) about the investigation into the powder magazine located in the Grand Canyon. Some personal news is included in the letter such as the writer's marriage to the daughter of C.A. Taylor, former Supervisor of Cochise County
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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