5 research outputs found
Mdhihiriko wa Kilongo cha Wanawake katika Jukwaa la Instagramu: Je, ni Mikakati ya Kujikomboa?
No full textMakala hii inabainisha namna kilongo cha wanawake katika jukwaa la Instagramu kinavyotumika kimkakati kuhamasisha wanawake kujikwamua kiuchumi, kijamii, na kielimu nchini Tanzania. Makala imeongozwa na mkabala wa kitaamuli kwa kutumia matini zilizochaguliwa kimakusudi kutoka katika jukwaa la Instagramu. Uchunganuzi wa data umeongozwa na Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Tunduizi Kilongo. Data kutoka jukwaa la Instagramu zilikusanywa kwa njia ya uchanganuzi matini, ambapo sentensi, maneno, virai, tamathali za semi, semi mbalimbali, na kaulimbiu zilikusanywa kadri zilivyotumiwa na wanawake. Matokeo ya utafiti yanaonesha kuwa uteuzi wa mtindo, ruwaza za kiisimu, na mada unaendana na mabadiliko ya shughuli mbalimbali zinazofanywa na wanawake. Aidha, wanawake wanateua misamiati, sentensi, viambishi vya viwakilishi, tamathali za semi, kuchagiza umuhimu wa elimu kwa wanawake, ushujaa, uhuru wa kifedha, kujenga urafiki, na kuhamasisha mapambano dhidi ya hali zao duni. Pendekezo la makala hii ni kwamba, kwa vile utafiti huu ulihusisha wanawake tu, tafiti zingine zinaweza kufanywa zikijumuisha matumizi ya lugha kwa wanawake na wanaume katika mitandao ya kijamii
Linguistic Difficulties of Using English as a Language of Instruction: A Reflection on Tanzanian University Lecturers
No full textThis paper investigates the linguistic difficulties faced by the University lecturers who teach science subjects using EMI in Tanzanian Universities particularly the University of Dodoma (UDOM) and St. John’s University of Tanzania (SJUT) of Dodoma Region - Tanzania. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation and interviews from a sample drawn from the College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences (CNMS) and the Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences (FANAS) of UDOM and SJUT, respectively. The study revealed that lecturers face linguistic difficulties, namely tense confusion, code-switching between English and Kiswahili, grammatical errors such as spelling and poor pronunciation, missing important vocabulary which leads into hesitation, difficulties in elaborating some scientific terms to students in Kiswahili since Kiswahili is lacking equivalents of some of these scientific terms; poor response from conversation counterparts as students cannot speak and write confidently and effectively in English. These difficulties are attributed to inadequate exposure to English, the influence of Kiswahili and ECLs and poor educational language policies. This study, therefore, recommends to the policy making stakeholders on declaring English as LoI from nursery school to tertiary levels so as to expose our children to English (FL) earlier at a younger age
El cuento musical : planteamientos didácticos en torno a una educación interdisciplinar
No full textLa Tesis Doctoral “El cuento musical: planteamientos didácticos en torno a una educación interdisciplinar” tiene como objetivo demostrar cómo el cuento musical, ya como herramienta metodológica para emplear en el aula, ya como espectáculo escénico, favorece el aprendizaje musical, desde la percepción y la expresión, y contribuye al desarrollo de las competencias señaladas en el currículo.
La Tesis Doctoral, por contemplar distintos ámbitos de actuación, desarrolla una metodología de investigación híbrida, que comienza con una revisión bibliográfica y hemerográfica que da lugar a un marco teórico en el que se analizan los planteamientos interdisciplinares así como el propio concepto “cuento musical”, y su importancia y presencia en las aulas. Además de esta revisión, se ofrecen los resultados y conclusiones obtenidos tras la realización de dos actuaciones de carácter cuasi-experimental, relacionadas con las dos concepciones que del cuento musical tenemos (como herramienta metodológica en el contexto escolar y como espectáculo escénico).
Además de los métodos científicos no experimentales (descriptivo y documental) y cuasi-experimentales (investigación-acción en el aula), en esta Tesis Doctoral realizamos un acercamiento al método de investigación “creativo-performativa” para explicar y comprender los procesos de creación relativos al cuento musical La orquesta de Pepón, de creación propia.
Para mostrar estas y otras cuestiones, la Tesis Doctoral se organiza en tres grandes capítulos. En el primero, tras analizar las corrientes pedagógicas y psicológicas del siglo XX en lo tocante a educación musical, el marco legislativo y las teorías sobre el desarrollo evolutivo del niño, desde un enfoque estético y humanista, se reflexiona sobre el cuento musical como recurso artístico y la música y su relación con otras artes en el ámbito escolar. El segundo capítulo muestra los fundamentos didácticos del cuento musical y sus particularidades como recurso para el aprendizaje significativo mediante una metodología activa y participativa. Igualmente se refleja la experiencia llevada a cabo en el contexto de Educación Primaria a partir de un cuento de elaboración propia (Kijiji-Rafiki) para desarrollar, entre otros aspectos, la comunicación, la imaginación y la creatividad a través del cuento musical. El tercer capítulo de la Tesis Doctoral pone el acento en el cuento como espectáculo escénico, a través de la obra La orquesta de Pepón. En este capítulo, al ser el autor de la tesis el autor de la obra escénica, se reflexiona, investigando desde la propia práctica artística, sobre el proceso creativo (tanto literario como musical) de la composición de un cuento musical y las implicaciones educativas de este tipo de espectáculos (que implican conceptos como la audición musical activa, los conciertos didácticos o la formación de los alumnos como futuro público de las salas de concierto y teatrales).
A partir de las conclusiones que se exponen, comprobamos cómo el cuento musical debe formar parte de la educación de nuestros alumnos en todas las etapas de su vida, porque en concordancia con los intereses educativos establecidos en el currículo de cada etapa, proporciona conocimientos y desarrolla capacidades interdisciplinares de una forma lúdica, sin perder la importancia y utilidad que le compete como metodología educativa tanto a nivel de aula como a nivel escénico. The Doctoral Thesis “The Musical Tale: Teaching Approaches to an Interdisciplinary Education” aims to demonstrate how the musical tale, as a methodological tool to use in the classroom, and as a performing show, promotes learning music from the perception and expression, and it contributes to the development of skills identified in the curriculum.
The Doctoral Thesis, in order to contemplate different areas of action, develops a hybrid research methodology, starting with a bibliographic and hemerographic review to build the theoretical framework, where the interdisciplinary approaches are analyzed, so as the own concept “musical tale”, and its importance and presence in the classrooms. Besides this review, the results and conclusions obtained, they are shown after carrying out two quasi-experimental performances related to the two conceptions that we have of the musical tale (as a methodological tool in the school context and as a stage show).
In addition to the non-experimental scientific methods (descriptive and documentary) and quasi-experimental (action-research in the classroom), in this Doctoral Thesis, we will approach to a third research method (the "creative-performative" method) to explain and understand the creation processes related to the musical tale Pepon´s orchestra, created by the author.
In order to show these and other issues, the Doctoral Thesis is organized in three large chapters. First, after analyzing the pedagogical and psychological currents of the twentieth century regarding music education, the legislative framework and theories of child development, from an aesthetic and humanistic approach, we will reflect on the musical tale as an artistic resource and music and its relationship to other arts in schools. The second chapter shows the educational foundations of the musical tale and its peculiarities as a resource for meaningful learning through active, participatory methodology. Also this thesis will show the experience carried out in a primary school classroom from a tale created by the author (Kijiji-Rafiki) to develop, among other things, communication, imagination and creativity through the musical tale. The third chapter of the doctoral thesis emphasizes the story as a performing show, with the work Pepon´s Orchestra. In this chapter, the author of the thesis is the same as the author of the scenic work. So the author will have the opportunity to reflect, researching from artistic practice, on the literary and musical creative process of composing a musical tale; and he will also have the opportunity to reflect on the educational implications of this type of show (involving concepts such as active musical audition, educational concerts and the training of students as future audience in concert halls and theater).
From the conclusions presented, we check how the musical tale should be part of the education of our students at all stages of their lives, because according to the educational interests established in the curriculum of each stage, music provides interdisciplinary knowledge and develop skills in a playful way, without losing its importance and utility as an educational tool both in the classrooms and in theatres or concert halls
Never be silent : publishing & imperialism in Kenya, 1884-1963
No full textSocial communications are central to any social struggle. There is a sizable body of literature from other countries on the use of oral medium, newspapers, books and other forms of communications being used as tools for organising against a powerful enemy, as a training ground for cadres and for clarifying and developing revolutionary theory, ideology, organisation and practice. All this ensures a greater unity among those resisting oppression and exploitation. Thus revolutionary and liberation forces of Bolsheviks in the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of China, and in Vietnam had developed theories and practices of revolutionary publishing as part of their revolutionary work. This has also been the case during anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggles in Africa, but very little of this has been systematically documented as an aspect of revolutionary communications policy and practice. While the
colonial communications systems have been reasonably well documented, the resistance communication systems remain largely undocumented and ignored. This book is an initial attempt to document this dynamic communications process in Kenya with its external struggles against colonialism and its complex internal struggles with overlaying divisions of race and class, Kenyan and foreign peoples. The main theme emerging from this experience is that people struggling to change their society always find ways of establishing their own system of communicating with the people they lead
and by whom they are led. Their mission of revolution, of change, of peace, of social and economic justice requires that they should never be silent. This was well understood and practised by the liberation forces in Kenya. They
were never silent
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways: A revolving neurochemical axis for therapeutic intervention?
No full textExcitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS) is mediated by the release of glutamate from presynaptic terminals onto postsynaptic channels gated by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA (AMPA and KA) receptors. Extracellular signals control diverse neuronal functions and are responsible for mediating activity-dependent changes in synaptic strength and neuronal survival. Influx of extracellular calcium ([Ca2+] e) through the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) is required for neuronal activity to change the strength of many synapses. At the molecular level, the NMDAR interacts with signaling modules, which, like the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily, transduce excitatory signals across neurons. Recent burgeoning evidence points to the fact that MAPKs play a crucial role in regulating the neurochemistry of NMDARs, their physiologic and biochemical-biophysical properties, and their potential role in pathophysiology. It is the purpose of this review to discuss: (i) the MAPKs and their role in a plethora of cellular functions; (ii) the role of MAPKs in regulating the biochemistry and physiology of NMDA receptors; (iii) the kinetics of MAPK-NMDA interactions and their biologic and neurochemical properties; (iv) how cellular signaling pathways, related cofactors and intracellular conditions affect NMDA-MAPK interactions and (v) the role of NMDA-MAPK pathways in pathophysiology and the evolution of disease conditions. Given the versatility of the NMDA-MAPK interactions, the NMDA-MAPK axis will likely form a neurochemical target for therapeutic interventions.Adamchik Y, 2000, NEUROSCIENCE, V99, P731, DOI 10.1016-S0306-4522(00)00229-3; Ahn YM, 2000, NEUROSCI LETT, V296, P101, DOI 10.1016-S0304-3940(00)01632-3; Aizenman E, 2000, J PHARMACOL EXP THER, V295, P572; Anders DL, 1999, J NEUROCHEM, V72, P1389, DOI 10.1046-j.1471-4159.1999.721389.x; Armstead WM, 2003, EUR J PHARMACOL, V474, P249, DOI 10.1016-S0014-2999(03)02012-0; Avruch J, 2001, RECENT PROG HORM RES, V56, P127, DOI 10.1210-rp.56.1.127; Barnstable CJ, 2004, NEUROCHEM INT, V45, P875, DOI 10.1016-j.neuint.2004.03.018; Baron C, 1996, J NEUROCHEM, V66, P1005; Barr RK, 2001, INT J BIOCHEM CELL B, V33, P1047, DOI 10.1016-S1357-2725(01)00093-0; Barros DM, 2000, BEHAV BRAIN RES, V114, P183, DOI 10.1016-S0166-4328(00)00226-6; BASZARATE C, 2002, NEUROSCI LETT, V321, P9; Belcheva MM, 2002, NEUROSIGNALS, V11, P34, DOI 10.1159-000057320; Berman DE, 2000, J NEUROSCI, V20, P7017; 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