189,113 research outputs found
REFLEXÕES SOBRE HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL: Uma revisão do panorama da União Européia baseada em Scanlon, Arrigoitia e Whitehead
No full textRESUMO: A habitação social no contexto da União Européia apresenta diferentes ações e estratégias voltadas ao atendimento a esta demanda. Este panorama, apresentado neste trabalho, baseado principalmente nos estudos efetuados por Scanlon, Arrigoitia e Whitehead (Scanlon et al. 2014), discursa sobre a retrospectiva histórica das ações sociais voltadas à questão de moradia da Europa a partir do pós-guerra, passando pelas ações nas décadas de 1980 e 1990, chegando ao cenário de necessidade de atendimento à demanda criada pela crise migratória. Este trabalho busca um embasamento teórico para o entendimento de ações externas à realidade brasileira, sua análise contextual e discussão de seus resultados e tendências
POR FORA DO PRÉ-MODERNISMO
No full textResumo:Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a atuação intelectual do escritor Gustavo Barroso (1888-1959) e de sua relação com o Pré-modernismo brasileiro, considerando categorias como capital cultural e pessoal, conforme Pierre Bourdieu, e que demonstram de que modo o autor se coloca à margem do período, sem ser excluído propriamente.Palavras-chave: Pré-modernismo. Gustavo Barroso. Capital pessoal.Abstract: This article is a reflection about the intellectual activity of writer Gustavo Barroso (1888-1959) and his relationship with Brazilian Pre-modernism, considering categories such as personal and cultural capital, as in Bourdieu, showing how the author was marginalized in the period without being totally excluded.Keywords: Pre-modernism. Gustavo Barroso. Personal capital
DESIGUALDADE ECONÔMICA E DIREITOS POLÍTICOS NA TEORIA DA JUSTIÇA DE RAWLS: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DE THOMAS SCANLON: ECONOMIC INEQUALITY AND POLITICAL RIGHTS IN RAWLS’ THEORY OF JUSTICE: AN ANALYSIS FROM THOMAS SCANLON
No full textThe present article intends to problematize the way the issue of how socioeconomic inequalities and political rights are dealt with in the theory of justice originally formulated by John Rawls. It is well known that Rawls, in the decade of 1970, performed a revolution in the debates about distributive justice with the formulation of the theory that became known as justice as fairness, which is based in the proposition of two principles of justice, the first having priority over the second, in order to rule society’s basic structure. Very recently, however, a set of theoretical challenges to the liberal egalitarian tradition, to which Rawls is a major figure, was presented by Thomas Scanlon, in his proposal of attributing equality an intrinsic value. The aim of this work is to show how one of the issues raised by Scanlon, concerning political participation, can be capable of seriously compromising Rawls’s original proposal, in a way that the distribution prescribed by the principles themselves would break the priority between them. Firstly, we shall make a systematic study of how Rawls elaborates his two principles of justice and what is the place of equality within them, emphasizing the relevant elements to the subsequent analysis. Then, we shall try to demonstrate, starting from the point of view offered by Scanlon, how it is possible to find in Rawls a tension between the guarantee of a right to equal political participation to all, on the one hand, and the permission to socioeconomic inequalities, on the other.O presente artigo pretende problematizar a maneira como a questão das desigualdades socioeconômicas e dos direitos políticos são tratadas na teoria da justiça originalmente formulada por John Rawls. Sabe-se que Rawls, na década de 1970, revolucionou os debates sobre justiça distributiva com a formulação da teoria que ficou conhecida como equidade, que se baseia na proposição de dois princípios de justiça, o primeiro tendo prioridade em relação ao segundo, destinados a reger a estrutura básica da sociedade. Muito recentemente, contudo, uma série de desafios teóricos à tradição liberal igualitária, da qual Rawls é um grande expoente, foi lançada por Thomas Scanlon, em sua proposta de atribuir à igualdade um valor intrínseco. O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como uma das questões levantadas por Scanlon, concernente à questão da participação política, pode ser capaz de comprometer seriamente a proposta original de Rawls de tal forma que a distribuição indicada como justa pelos próprios princípios acabaria por quebrar a prioridade estabelecida entre eles. Primeiramente, faremos um estudo sistemático de como Rawls elabora seus dois princípios de justiça e qual o lugar da igualdade dentro deles, com ênfase para os elementos relevantes para a análise posterior. Em seguida, tentaremos demonstrar, a partir do ponto de vista oferecido por Scanlon, como é possível encontrar em Rawls uma tensão entre a garantia de igual direito de participação política a todos, de um lado, e a permissão de desigualdades socioeconômicas, de outro
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A Critique of Scanlon on Double Effect
No full textAccording to the Principle of Double Effect (PDE), there are conditions under which it would be morally justifiable to cause some harm as a foreseen side-effect of one’s action even though it would not be justifiable to form and execute the intention of causing the same harm. If we take the kind of justification in question to be that of moral permissibility, this principle correctly maps common intuitions about when it would be permissible to act in certain ways. T.M. Scanlon argues that the PDE so interpreted is problematic, as it returns implausible verdicts in other scenarios. Scanlon is unable to account for the common pattern of moral reasoning that we employ in the relevant cases. I argue that we can account for this pattern while avoiding implausible verdicts if we interpret the PDE as a principle about when it is licit to inflict harm rather than when it is permissible to do so, and if we connect the concept of the licit with that of the permissible in the right way
Development of a cost-effectiveness model for optimisation of the screening interval in diabetic retinopathy screening
No full textBACKGROUND:
The English NHS Diabetic Eye Screening Programme was established in 2003. Eligible people are invited annually for digital retinal photography screening. Those found to have potentially sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) are referred to surveillance clinics or to Hospital Eye Services.
OBJECTIVES:
To determine whether personalised screening intervals are cost-effective.
DESIGN:
Risk factors were identified in Gloucestershire, UK using survival modelling. A probabilistic decision hidden (unobserved) Markov model with a misgrading matrix was developed. This informed estimation of lifetime costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) in patients without STDR. Two personalised risk stratification models were employed: two screening episodes (SEs) (low, medium or high risk) or one SE with clinical information (low, medium-low, medium-high or high risk). The risk factor models were validated in other populations.
SETTING:
Gloucestershire, Nottinghamshire, South London and East Anglia (all UK).
PARTICIPANTS:
People with diabetes in Gloucestershire with risk stratification model validation using data from Nottinghamshire, South London and East Anglia.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Personalised risk-based algorithm for screening interval; cost-effectiveness of different screening intervals.
RESULTS:
Data were obtained in Gloucestershire from 12,790 people with diabetes with known risk factors to derive the risk estimation models, from 15,877 people to inform the uptake of screening and from 17,043 people to inform the health-care resource-usage costs. Two stratification models were developed: one using only results from previous screening events and one using previous screening and some commonly available GP data. Both models were capable of differentiating groups at low and high risk of development of STDR. The rate of progression to STDR was 5 per 1000 person-years (PYs) in the lowest decile of risk and 75 per 1000 PYs in the highest decile. In the absence of personalised risk stratification, the most cost-effective screening interval was to screen all patients every 3 years, with a 46% probability of this being cost-effective at a £30,000 per QALY threshold. Using either risk stratification models, screening patients at low risk every 5 years was the most cost-effective option, with a probability of 99-100% at a £30,000 per QALY threshold. For the medium-risk groups screening every 3 years had a probability of 43-48% while screening high-risk groups every 2 years was cost-effective with a probability of 55-59%.
CONCLUSIONS:
The study found that annual screening of all patients for STDR was not cost-effective. Screening this entire cohort every 3 years was most likely to be cost-effective. When personalised intervals are applied, screening those in our low-risk groups every 5 years was found to be cost-effective. Screening high-risk groups every 2 years further improved the cost-effectiveness of the programme. There was considerable uncertainty in the estimated incremental costs and in the incremental QALYs, particularly with regard to implications of an increasing proportion of maculopathy cases receiving intravitreal injection rather than laser treatment. Future work should focus on improving the understanding of risk, validating in further populations and investigating quality issues in imaging and assessment including the potential for automated image grading
Where Do You Want to Go?: Goal Setting to Get What You Want in Life
No full textFaculty and graduate students in the Department of Writing and Communication in NSU’s College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences (CAHSS) collaborated with the Alvin Sherman Library to offer three workshops during the summer for teens. The workshops took place on select Tuesdays and were held from 4:00-6:00 p.m. in the Alvin Sherman Library. Workshop topics included, “Keeping a Clear Head: Mindfulness for Teens,” presented by master’s students Veronica Diaz and Noemi Nunez; Memoir Writing Workshop,” presented by Shanti Bruce, Ph.D., and Where Do You Want to Go?: Goal Setting to Get What You Want in Life,” presented by Molly Scanlon, Ph.D.
During the workshop, participants crafted specific, measurable, attainable, realistic and time-based goals for the short term, including two SMART goals for the following week and/or month ahead
O hiato (in)transponível entre fatos e valores: uma abordagem a partir do realismo-cognitivo de Thomas Scanlon
No full textOver the past three centuries developed into ethics a dichotomy between facts and values whose influence still generates discussions. In this occasion, the intention of this article is to propose, from the cognitive-realism Scanlon, an alternative reading about this established dichotomy between facts and values. In general, much of this problem is due to the reason that the claims of the normative domain are often evaluated from the perspective of science (non-normative field), that is, the scientific world view. But as I will seek support, we need the regulatory domain is evaluated from the standards of his own domain whose basic element is the relationship be one reason (the reason for being). Normative truths can not be reduced to the extent that is determined by certain response patterns within a specific domain itself, which in the legal field is carried out by the idea of pure normative claims. Thus, starting from the assumption that normative truths are irreducible and in this case, can be true or false, the best way to understand them is from the relationship R (p, x, c, a), where p a fact, x an agent, c a set of conditions and circumstances and to an action or attitude. From this standard constituted within the normative domain, the relation R states that p is a reason for an agent x perform an action or attitude a to the set of conditions and circumstances c. Therefore, at least in normative terms, the gap between fact/value seems to be transposed.No decorrer dos últimos três séculos desenvolveu-se em ética uma dicotomia entre fatos e valores cuja influência ainda hoje gera discussões. Nesse ensejo, a intenção deste artigo é propor, a partir do realismo-cognitivo de Scanlon, uma leitura alternativa a respeito dessa dicotomia estabelecida entre fatos e valores. Em geral, boa parte desse problema deve-se ao motivo de que as reivindicações do domínio normativo são muitas vezes avaliadas a partir da ótica da ciência (domínio não-normativo), isto é, da visão científica de mundo (scientific view of the world). Mas conforme buscarei sustentar, é preciso que o domínio normativo seja avaliado a partir dos padrões de seu próprio domínio cujo elemento básico é a relação ser uma razão para (being a reason for). Verdades normativas são irredutíveis na medida em que são determinadas por certos padrões de resposta dentro de um domínio específico em si mesmo, o que no campo normativo é realizado pela ideia de reivindicações normativas puras. Assim, partindo-se do pressuposto de que verdades normativas são irredutíveis e que, nesse caso, podem ser verdadeiras ou falsas, o melhor modo de compreendê-las é a partir da relação R (p, x, c, a), sendo p um fato, x um agente, c um conjunto de condições e circunstâncias e a uma ação ou atitude. A partir desse padrão constituído no interior do domínio normativo, a relação R estabelece que p é uma razão para um agente x realizar uma ação ou atitude a no conjunto de condições e circunstâncias c. se isto estiver certo, então, ao menos em termos normativos, o hiato entre fato/valor parece ser transponível
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