1,720,963 research outputs found
The security captor, captured. Digital cameras, visual politics and material semiotics
No full text<p>Digital cameras are everywhere and play important roles in security and political scenes, yet they remain overlooked in security and IR research where debates on technology and visuality remain separated, often giving the mistaken impression that the digital images that populate scholarship are primarily visual. In this paper, I understand the digital camera as an inscription device that produces digital images, for which the digital qualities are as important as the visual. Through producing standardised digital ‘factlets’, digital cameras become engines of ontological change that reconfigure political scenes, incorporating new actors and logics, and reconfiguring the ones already present. Digital cameras acquire security agency through our remarkable trust in digital cameras’ ability to capture reality as it is and store it in standardised files. The epistemic authority is not absolute, I show, but functions as a competence that can be exchanged, shared, and reconfigured. Digital cameras are promiscuous, forming hybrids with, e.g. images, digital media platforms, image appropriators, and camera operators. This relationality makes it hard to pin down exactly where the agency of digital cameras begins and ends. Viewed as an inscription device, the central faculty of the networked digital camera is that it inscribes the ‘reality’ of a political scene into fragmented but standardised video-bites and snapshots, little security ‘factlets’ preconfigured for effectively populating digital networks and databases.</p>Peer reviewe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Military techno-vision : Technologies between visual ambiguity and the desire for security facts
Full text linkVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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