132,859 research outputs found
From self assembled monolayers to clickable gold nanoparticles
No full textThe aim of the present PhD thesis was the investigation of the behavior of gold nanoparticle stabilizing oligo thioether ligands on gold surfaces and further on to develop a protocol for the directed assembly of mono functionalized gold nanoparticle into defined oligomer structures.
Outline
The present cumulative PhD thesis consists of the following parts:
In the Introduction the research field of gold nanoparticles is presented with to point out their unique electronic and physical properties. The second focus will be on the controlled interlinking and functionalization of gold nanoparticles using click chemistry and their potential applications, which will be submitted as a review article.
Within Concept and Strategy the goals of the research project are introduced and the concepts and outputs of the resulting publications are presented.
The Publications are accumulated with their respective Supporting Information, in the order in which they were prepared:
“Loops versus Stems: Benzylic Sulfide Oligomers Forming Carpet Type Monolayers“ F. Sander, T. Peterle, N. Ballav, F. Wrochem, M. Zharnikov, M. Mayor J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010, 114, 4118 – 4125.
“Add a Third Hook: S-Acetyl Protected Oligophenylene Pyridine Dithiols as Advanced Precursors for Self-Assembled Monolayers“ F. Sander, J. P. Hermes, M. Mayor, H. Hamoudi, M. Zharnikov PCCP, 2013, 15, 2836 – 2846.
“Dumbbells, Trikes and Quads - Click Gold Nanopartricles together“ F. Sander, U. Fluch, J. P. Hermes and M. Mayor Small 2014, 10, 349 – 359.
“Click Chemistry with Gold Nanoparticles – A Tool for Functionalization, Interlinking and Labeling” Fabian Sander and Marcel Mayor, manuscript prepared for submission.
Finally, within Conclusion and Outlook the main results are briefly summarized and further potential research is proposed
Changes in the abundance of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) in lake Peipsi and lake Võrtsjärv
No full textKäesoleva bakalaureusetöö peamiseks eesmärgiks oli hinnata koha (Sander lucioperca L.)
arvukuse muutusi Peipsi järves ning Võrtsjärves. Antud eesmärgi saavutamiseks püstitati
uurimisülesanded, mille käigus anti ülevaade koha bioloogiast ja talle sobivatest elupaikadest,
toodi välja koha arvukust määravad olulisemad tegurid ning analüüsiti kutselise püügi mõju
kohapopulatsioonile. Samuti andis käesolev töö ülevaate meetmetest (seadusandlikud
piirangud ning regulatsioonid), mida on rakendatud, et tagada elujõulise ja jätkusuutliku
kohapopulatsiooni säilimine Eesti suurjärvedes.
Käesolev töö keskendus kahele kõige olulisemale kohajärvele Eestis, milleks on Peipsi järv
ning Võrtsjärv. Viimaste aastate uuringud Peipsi järves ja Võrtsjärves on näidanud, et
mõlemas veekogus on palju 0+ vanuses kohasid, kuid enam kui pooled neist hukkuvad
esimesel talvel ning sellele järgneval kevadel. Siinkohal on tegemist loodusliku suremusega
ning üheks selle peamiseks põhjuseks on sobiva toidubaasi puudumine või selle vähesus.
Probleem seisneb selles, et peipsi tindi (Osmerus eperlanus L.) arvukus on langenud alates
2006. aastast ja seetõttu viibib koha üleminek planktontoidult röövtoidule, mis omakorda
tingib koha aeglasema kasvu.
Kokkuvõtlikult võib öelda, et koha arvukus on seotud sobivate keskkonnatingimustega,
sobiva toidubaasi olemasoluga, kalapüügi intensiivsusega ning kalapüügile ja
püügivahenditele kehtestatud nõuete ning regulatsioonidega.
2014. aasta seisuga on kohavarude seisund Eesti suurjärvedes hüdrobioloogide hinnangul
rahuldavThe main goal of the Bachelor thesis is to evaluate changes in the abundance of the pikeperch
(Sander lucioperca L.) in lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv. The thesis also includes the survey of
the biology of the pikeperch and its suitable habitats, the factors determine the size of the
pikeperch population, the impact of commercial fishing to the population of the pikeperch and
the measures (legal restrictions and regulations), which have been implemented to ensure the
viable and sustainable pikeperch population in the big lakes of Estonia.
The research carried out in lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv in recent years show that in both water
bodies there is a lot of pikeperch at the age of 0+, however, over the half of them perishes
during the first winter and the consecutive spring. Hereby, we are dealing with natural causes
of death and one of the main reasons is the lack or absence of the suitable food basis.
The problem is constituted in the fact that the population of the smelt (Osmerus eperlanus L.)
has been decreasing since 2006 and the transfer of the pikeperch’s feeding basis from
plankton to predatory food is delayed due to which it takes more time for the pikeperch to
grow.
In conclusion it might be said that the size of the pikeperch population is related to suitable
environmental conditions, the availability of the food basis, fishing activities and restrictions
and regulations established to fishing and the fishing equipment.
Researchers evaluation shows that year 2014 the abundance of pikeperch in the big lakes of
Estonia was satisfying
Cryopreservation of Pike Perch Sperm in Hatchery Conditions
No full textExperiments were carried out on pike perch (Sander lucioperca L.) to find a method for stripping
sperm without contamination by urine, to determine sperm concentration, and to fertilize large
batches of eggs with cryopreserved sperm. Induced spawning technology for pike perch, an
important predator fish species in Hungarian and central-eastern European pond aquaculture,
has been developed only recently. Sperm cryopreservation can be an important tool for several
reasons including the simplification of hatchery work and long-term preservation of genomes of
males with high genetic value. In the present study, sperm was stripped without urine contamination,
improving sperm quality, and large amounts of eggs were fertilized using 0.25 ml sperm,
resulting in hatching percentages of 55±3% for 30-g batches of eggs and 87% for a 50-g batch
ВЫРАЩИВАНИЕ СУДАКА ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО SANDER LUCIOPERCA (L.) В СИСТЕМЕ ЗАМКНУТОГО ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЯ
No full textOver the past decades, aquaculture has become one of the fastest growing areas of food production and is playing an increasingly important role in the economic development of many countries [1].In the Republic of Kazakhstan, European pike perch (Sander lucioperca, L.)) is of great commercial importance and is considered one of the main exported fish species.Until recently, pikeperch rearing under closed water supply conditions (hereinafter referred to as RAS) was not carried out in our country.The industrial methods of fish farming used are mainly aimed at obtaining viable juveniles [2, 3, 4]. There are some scientific studies that consider the issues of raising replacement broodstock in RAS [5].Nature users and fish farmers in our country consider pikeperch as an object of fish farming, living in natural reservoirs, adapted to life in rivers, reservoirs and desalinated areas of the seas. In this regard, the main fishing for pikeperch is carried out in natural reservoirs.The modern vision of fish farming and, in general, the development of aquaculture in the Republic of Kazakhstan comes down to the fact that there is a need for a completely new approach to fish farming using innovative technological processes. In the post-Soviet period, fish breeding scientists [6,7] carried out work to develop biotechnology for growing pikeperch in ponds.The novelty of scientific research was a comprehensive study of the biology and adaptation of a new object of industrial fish farming, European pike perch (Sander lucioperca (L.)). The adaptation capabilities of the European pike perch (Sander lucioperca (L.)) to extreme factors of the aquatic environment have been determined: deficiency of oxygen dissolved in water, high and low concentrations of ions (pH), high concentrations of minerals.The main goal of the research is to develop technological processes for the maintenance and reproduction of European pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.)) in closed water supply systems.The objectives of the research were to monitor the temperature and hydrochemical conditions of water in the recirculation system when growing pikeperch, as well as to study the growth rate of pike perch.The results of scientific research will be recommended to fish farms using technologies for basin keeping pikeperch in RAS. Based on the research results, technological methods for growing European pikeperch (Sander lucioperca (L.)) in RAS will be determined.Соңғы онжылдықтарда аквамәдениет азық-түлік өндірісінің ең қарқынды дамып келе жатқан бағыттарының біріне айналды және көптеген елдердің экономикалық дамуында үлкен рөл атқарды [1].Қазақстан Республикасында еуропалық көксерке (Sander lucioperca, L.) үлкен коммерциялық маңызға ие және экспортталатын негізгі балық түрлерінің бірі ретінде қарастырылады.Көксерке тұйық жүйелі қондырғылары (бұдан әрі -ТЖҚ) жағдайында өсіру соңғы уақытқа дейін біздің елде жүргізілмеген.Балық өсірудің қолданылатын индустриялық әдістері негізінен шабақтарды алуға бағытталған [2, 3, 4]. ТЖҚ - арқылы жөндеу-аналық тобын өсіру мәселелерін қарастыратын кейбір ғылыми зерттеулер бар [5].Біздің еліміздің табиғат пайдаланушылары мен балық өсірушілері көксеркені өзендерде, су қоймаларында және теңіздердің тұзсыздандырылғанучаскелерінде өмір сүруге бейімделген табиғи су айдындарында тұратын балық өсіру объектісі деп санайды. Осыған байланысты көксеркенің негізгі балық аулауы табиғи су айдындарында жүзеге асырылады.Қазақстан Республикасында балық өсірудің және жалпы аквамәдениетті дамытудың қазіргі заманғы көзқарасы инновациялық технологиялық процестерді пайдалана отырып, балық өсіруде мүлдем жаңа тәсілдер қажет екендігіне келіп тіреледі. Совет үкметі кезеңінен кейінгі кезеңде балық өсіруші ғалымдар [6,7] тоғандарда көксерке өсірудің биотехникасын әзірлеу бойынша жұмыстар жүргізді.Ғылыми зерттеулердің жаңалығы еуропалық көксеркенің (Sander lucioperca, L.) жаңа өнеркәсіптік балық өсіру объектісінің биологиясы мен бейімделуін жан-жақты зерттеу болды. Еуропалық көксеркенің (Sander lucioperca (L.)) су ортасының экстремалды факторларына бейімделу мүмкіндіктері анықталды: суда еріген оттегінің жетіспеушілігі, иондардың жоғары және төмен концентрациясы (рН), минералдардың жоғары концентрациясы.Зерттеудің негізгі мақсаты- тұйық жүйелі қондырғылары жүйелерінде еуропалық көксеркені (Sander lucioperca (L.)) күтіп ұстау және молықтыру технологиялық процестерін пысықтау.Зерттеудің міндеттері ТЖҚ-дағы судың температуралық және гидрохимиялық режимін бақылау және көксерке өсіру кезінде сондай-ақ көксерке өсу қарқынын зерттеу болды. Ғылыми зерттеулердің нәтижелері ТЖҚ-да көксерке бассейндік ұстау технологияларын қолданатын балық өсіру шаруашылықтарына ұсынылатын болады. Зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша ТЖҚ-да еуропалық көксерке (Sander lucioperca (L.)) өсірудің технологиялық әдістері айқындалатын боладыВ течение последних десятилетий аквакультура стала одним из самых быстроразвивающихся направлений производства пищевой продукции и играет все большую роль в экономическом развитии многих стран [1]. В Республике Казахстан европейский судак (Sander lucioperca, L.)) имеет большое промысловое значение, и рассматривается, как один из основных экспортируемых видов рыб.Выращивание судака в условиях замкнутого водоснабжения (далее УЗВ) до недавнего времени в нашей стране не проводилось. Применяемые индустриальные методы рыбоводства преимущественно направлены на получение жизнестойкой молоди [2, 3, 4]. Имеются некоторые научные исследования по, рассматривающие вопросы выращивания ремонтно-маточного стада в УЗВ [5].Природопользователи и рыбоводы нашей страны считают судака, как объекта рыбоводства, обитающего в естественных водоемах, приспособленного к жизни в реках, водохранилищах и опресненных участках морей. В связи с этим основной промысел судака осуществляется в естественных водоемах.Современное видение рыбоводства и в целом развития аквакультуры в Республике Казахстан сводится к тому, что возникает необходимость совершенно нового подхода в рыбоводстве с использование инновационных технологических процессов. В постсоветский период учеными - рыбоводами [6,7] были проведены работы по разработке биотехники выращивания судака в прудах.Новизной научных исследований явилось комплексное изучение биологии и адаптации нового объекта индустриального рыбоводства европейского судака (Sander lucioperca (L.)). Определены адаптационные возможности европейского судака (Sander lucioperca (L.)) к экстремальным факторам водной среды: дефициту кислорода, растворенного в воде, высокой и низкой концентрации ионов (рН), высокой концентрации минералов.Основной целью исследований является отработка технологических процессов содержания и воспроизводства судака европейского (Sander lucioperca (L.)) в системах замкнутого водоснабжения.Задачами исследований были наблюдения за температурным и гидрохимическим режимом воды в УЗВ при выращивании судака, а также изучение скорости роста судака.Результаты научных исследований будут рекомендованы в рыбоводные хозяйства, применяющие технологии бассейнового содержания судака в УЗВ. По результатам исследований будут определены технологические приемы выращивания судака европейского (Sander lucioperca (L.)) в УЗВ
Gilman (Sander L.). Jews in Today's German Culture
No full textAzria Régine. Gilman (Sander L.). Jews in Today's German Culture. In: Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n°94, 1996. pp. 73-74
ПАТОЛОГИИ ГОНАД СУДАКА ОБЫКНОВЕННОГО (SANDER LUCIOPERCA L.) В АЗОВСКОМ МОРЕ
No full textData are presented of the reproductive system of the Azov Sea pike perch Sander lucioperca L. females. Abnormal development of gonads has been observed in 20% of the fish checked up. These processes along with the decreasing abundance of pike perch population have resulted in poor replenishment of the stock with the young fish
Comparison of Growth in Pike-Perch (Sander lucioperca) and Hybrids of Pike-Perch (S. lucioperca) × Volga Pike-Perch (S. volgensis)
No full textGrowth of intensively cultured pike-perch Sander lucioperca (L.) and hybrids of pike-perch females × Volga pike-perch (S. volgensis Gmelin, 1789) males (1.75 g) were compared in a 35-day experiment. Fish were sorted into three groups (50 fish/aquarium): S. lucioperca grown separately (Group P), hybrids grown separately (Group H), and a mixed group of 25 S. lucioperca (Group Mp) grown together with 25 hybrids (Group Mh). The stocking density was 0.44 g/l. Final body weights were 6.83 g, 6.54 g, 5.17 g, and 4.84 g, and specific growth rates were 3.9%/day, 3.75%/day, 3.1%/day, and 2.89%/day, for groups Mp, P, Mh, and H, respectively. The weight, length, and specific growth rates of the S. lucioperca were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the hybrids, whether grown separately or together. The feed conversion rate of the hybrids grown separately was significantly higher (1.28 g/g) than all other groups. Further investigation is needed to study the growth performance of larger hybrids, to compare the hybrid with S. volgensis, and to investigate the possibility of cross hybridization
Contes Et Autres Morceaux Pour Instruire Et Amuser La Jeunesse : Extrait du Courrier des adolescens / Par L. F. Jauffret
No full textKontrolisana reprodukcija smuđa, Sander Lucioperca (l.) – dostignuća i izgledi za budućnost
No full textSmuđ, Sander lucioperka, je vrsta ribe koja ima visoku komercijalnu vrednost na Evropskom tržištu i jedan je od najboljih kandidata za intenzivnu proizvodnju u slatkim vodama. Do sada su se mnogobrojne studije bavile različitim aspektima razmnožavanja smuđa. Ipak, još uvek postoje mnogi aspekti koji nisu proučeni, koji su nejasni i veoma često nepredvidivi. To je ono što čini ovaj deo akvakulture veoma teškim za mnoge odgajivače riba i naučnike. Stoga je i cilj ovog članka da da precizan osvrt na trenutna dostignuća u kontrolisanoj reprodukciji smuđa kao i da ukaže na nove načine istraživanja u ovom polju. Da bi se dao opis trenutnog statusa veštačke reprodukcije smuđa opisani su: trenutno stanje hormnonske stimulacije ovulacije i spermijacije, nova klasifikacija stupnjeva sazrevanja, metod za procenu kvaliteta jaja kao i protokoli za tretman jaja.
Još uvek jako malo znamo o nekim aspektima kontrolisane reprodukcije smuđa uprkos veoma intenzivnim istraživanjima. Rezultati objavljeni u poslednje tri godine pokazuju da još mnogo treba da se radi na razmatranju ove faze proizvodnje smuđa u akvakulturi.
Jedan od glavnih problema je, još uvek, optimizacija hormonalne stimulacije i mužjaka i ženki. Razvoj protokola za hormnonsku indukciju ovulacije može da prouzrokuje ne samo usklađivanje i predviđanje trenutka ovulacije već i kontrolu nad kvalitetom jaja. Prema najnovijim nalazima efekta hormonske stimulacije i temperature na period latencije može se zaključiti da kombinovana stimulacija temperaturom i hormonskim agentima može da postane dobra metoda u kontroli ovulacije ove vrste. Ipak, potrebno je detaljnije istražiti finalno sazrevanje jajnih ćelija (process koji između ostalog uključuje migraciju vezikula gaminativnih ćelija i njihovu razgradnju [GVBD]) i efekate različitih doza i različitih preparata na datoj temperaturi i uslovima gajenja. Ovaj aspekat je još važniji u gajenim nasadima koji su u potpunosti zavisni od uslova koje obezbeđuju farmeri.
Što se tiče daljih istraživanja gajenih nasada potrebno je razviti posebne protokole reprodukcije za sve uslove gajenja. Pored stimulacije ovulacije, pažnju treba posvetiti i stimulaciji spermijacije koja predstavlja veliki problem kod ove vrste (lični podatak).
Opšti rezultat reprodukcije smuđa se takođe može poboljšati primenom različitih metoda za in vitro oplođenje. Protokoli za tretman jaja posle oplodjenja takođe treba da se unaprede. Iskustvo nekih naučnika ukazuje na to da su protokoli razvijeni u laboratorijama nedovoljno precizni i manje efekasni u određenim komercijalnim uslovima. Zbog toga je potrebno posebno ispitati transfer metoda razvijenih u laboratorijama na uslove komercijalne proizvodnje
First record of Sander lucioperca (L.) (Actinopterygii, Percidae) in the Segura River Basin, SE of Spain.
No full textCon este trabajo, el conocimiento de la distribución geográfica de
Sander lucioperca (L.) es ampliado a la Cuenca Hidrográfica del Río
Segura. Hasta el momento se ha obtenido una distribución localizada
de la especie, lo que podría representar una introducción reciente de
la misma. Dos hipótesis son contempladas: una introducción ilegal, de
esta especie, realizada por aficionados a la pesca deportiva o bien es
posible que este sea otro ejemplo de pez introducido en esta Cuenca
a través del trasvase Tajo-SeguraIn this paper, the knowledge of the geographical distribution of Sander
lucioperca (L.) has been extended to the basin of the Segura River.
This represents the first report of its occurrence in the Segura River
Basin, it seems to have a restricted distribution and might be a recent
introduction. Two hypothesis are contemplated: a fish introduction as a
consequence of ilegal sportfishing activities or another example of an
introduced fish into this Basin by the Tajo-Segura River transfer syste
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