9 research outputs found
Zkoumání spojitosti mezi schopnostmi informačních technologií, řízením znalostí a ekologickými inovacemi produktů: důkazy z průmyslu malých a středních podniků
No full textThe aim of this study to investigate the relationship between information technology capabilities (ITCs) and green product innovation (GPI). The information technology (IT) capabilities with multiple dimensions, such as IT competence, IT integration, and IT infrastructure, were used in this paper. Moreover, to verify the deep relationship between ITCs and GPI, we used knowledge management (KM) as a mediator. The data were collected through a questionnaire from the senior managers, middle-level managers, and operational staff associated with the small- and medium-sized production industry of Pakistan. We collect data in two waves between January 2022 and July 2022. The data were analyzed through the partial least square structural equation modeling through SmartPLS 3.2.2. The findings of this study conclude. First, in the direct relationship, two IT capabilities, such as IT competence and IT infrastructure, have a positive and significant direct relationship with green product innovation, but IT integration has an insignificant relationship with green product innovation. Second, the results show that three IT capabilities have positively influenced knowledge management. Third, the results confirm that KM has a significant positive effect on GPI. Finally, the outcomes confirmed that knowledge management positively and significantly mediates between all IT capabilities and GPI in the indirect relationship.Cílem této studie je prozkoumat vztah mezi schopnostmi informačních technologií (ITC) a ekologickými inovacemi produktů (GPI). V tomto dokumentu byly použity možnosti informačních technologií (IT) s více dimenzemi, jako je IT kompetence, IT integrace a IT infrastruktura. Navíc, abychom ověřili hluboký vztah mezi ITC a GPI, použili jsme jako zprostředkovatele znalostní management (KM). Údaje byly shromážděny prostřednictvím dotazníku od vrcholových manažerů, středních manažerů a provozních zaměstnanců spojených s malým a středním výrobním průmyslem Pákistánu. Data sbíráme ve dvou vlnách mezi lednem 2022 a červencem 2022. Data byla analyzována pomocí parciálního modelování strukturních rovnic nejmenších čtverců pomocí SmartPLS 3.2.2. Závěry této studie uzavírají. Za prvé, v přímém vztahu mají dvě schopnosti IT, jako je kompetence IT a infrastruktura IT, pozitivní a významný přímý vztah k inovacím ekologických produktů, ale integrace IT má nevýznamný vztah k inovacím ekologických produktů. Za druhé, výsledky ukazují, že tři schopnosti IT pozitivně ovlivnily řízení znalostí. Za třetí, výsledky potvrzují, že KM má významný pozitivní vliv na GPI. Nakonec výsledky potvrdily, že znalostní management pozitivně a významně zprostředkovává všechny IT schopnosti a GPI v nepřímém vztahu
Sustainable Work Performance: The Roles of Workplace Violence and Occupational Stress
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships between workplace violence, occupational stress, and sustainable work performance. Multiple dimensions of workplace violence (harassment, mobbing, ostracism, and stalking) were used in this study. A questionnaire survey was used, composed of 48 items with a 5-point Likert scale (1, strongly disagree, to 5, strongly agree). Data were collected from 15 hospitals in the vicinity of Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad, Pakistan. The target population of this study consisted of doctors, nurses, and paramedical staff. We distributed 500 questionnaires among the target population. In total, 345 usable questionnaires were returned, resulting in a response rate of 69%. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to test the direct and indirect effects. The results of this study highlight that in both direct and indirect relationships, workplace violence negatively influences sustainable work performance. The findings of this study are as follows: First, harassment reduces employee morale, which consistently lessens employees’ work performance. Second, mobbing at the workplace reduces productivity, increases levels of stress, anxiety, depression, and irritability, and increases low work engagement, work absences, and work destruction. Third, ostracism at the workplace reduces motivation among workers and organizations, which reduces work efficiency. Work performance is undermined due to stalking at the workplace because it creates a bad image and brings toxicity among colleagues and peers. Fourth, occupational stress is considered a stigma among employees who are facing stress at the workplace. We can conclude that if employees are happy and healthy, they can be their most productive. So, organizations need to construct a culture where employees can be at their best and shine
Exploring the Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility, Trust, Corporate Reputation, and Brand Equity
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate reputation (CR), and brand equity (BE). Building on the resource-based theory of the firm, this study proposes a theoretical framework. In this framework, CSR is theorized to strengthen CR and brand equity, directly and indirectly, through consumer trust. We used a questionnaire survey approach. In the questionnaire, 17 items were used with a 5-point Likert-Scale (1 stands for “strongly disagree,” and 5 stands for “strongly agree”). Data were collected from the consumers of the banking sector in the vicinity of Lahore, Pakistan. To estimate the proposed relationships in the conceptual model, we use structural equation modeling (SEM) through Smart PLS 3.2. The outcomes of this study confirm that CSR significantly impacts CR and brand equity. It is also demonstrated that trust mediates positively and significantly in the relationship between CSR, CR, and BE. Results of the present study have several implications for the senior management, marketing expert, administrators, and policymakers. This study expresses how CSR boosts BE and CR. Moreover, this study also indicates that trust is an important factor that enhances BE and CR
Positioning Depression as a Critical Factor in Creating a Toxic Workplace Environment for Diminishing Worker Productivity
No full textThis study determined how a toxic workplace environment can influence worker productivity, directly and indirectly, using work depression as a mediating variable. A toxic workplace environment with multiple dimensions (harassment, bullying, ostracism, and incivility) was used in this study. We used a questionnaire survey approach to evaluate the data. A total of 53 items were used in the questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The data were collected from 23 branches of five Chinese banks in the vicinity of Shanghai. The authors distributed 250 questionnaires among targeted employees (senior managers, middle managers, and administrative staff) and received 186 filled questionnaires, among which six were incomplete. Thus, the completed sample size of the research was 180, and the overall response rate was 72%. To estimate the proposed relationships in the research model, we used partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM 3.2). The outcomes of this study indicate that for direct and indirect relationships, a toxic workplace environment negatively influences worker productivity. Moreover, the outcomes of this study also show that work depression negatively impacts worker productivity. The study concludes with a discussion, limitations, and future research directions
Exploring the Relationship between Innovative Work Behavior, Job Anxiety, Workplace Ostracism, and Workplace Incivility: Empirical Evidence from Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
No full textThe aim of this study is to explore the relationship between workplace ostracism (WO), workplace incivility (WI), and innovative work behavior (IWB), using job anxiety as a mediating variable. Building on the conservation of resource (COR) theory, this study proposes a theoretical framework. In this framework, workplace ostracism and workplace incivility are theorized to strengthen innovative work behavior, directly and indirectly, through job anxiety. Data were collected from the workers of small and medium sized enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs located in Pakistan. To estimate the proposed relationships in the conceptual model, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS-21. The outcomes of this study confirmed that workplace ostracism and workplace incivility had a negative impact on innovative work behavior. It was also confirmed that job anxiety mediates in the relationship between workplace ostracism, workplace incivility, job anxiety, and innovative work behavior. At the end of the study, we thoroughly discussed the conclusions, practical implications, limitations, and future research directions of the study
Timeless College Tales
No full textAt the elite Saeed School of Business, where the cream of the city\u27s student population flock for further education, Professor Madeeha rules the roost with her wisdom and wit, both inside and out of the classroom .
From the tangled webs of loves triangles to the wisdom of work from classical antiquity, author Nadya Chishty-Mujahid creates a world of the heady and intoxicating college experience bubble that is alive with the richness of her professional experience as a celebrated teacher at the Institute of Business Administration (IBA Karachi).
Turn the pages to step into the shoes of young students maneuvering the fierce fights, fiery feelings and fun that is intrinsic to the beauty of the college experience.
These stories will reflect back at you Aristotle\u27s words, \u27\u27Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all.\u27\u27https://ir.iba.edu.pk/faculty-research-books/1051/thumbnail.jp
Why Don't Medical Practitioners Treat Malaria Rationally? A Qualitative Study from Pakistan
No full textPurpose: To explore medical practitioners’ perceptions towards
irrational malaria treatment practices in Pakistan. Methods: A
qualitative study was designed to explore the perceptions of medical
practitioners regarding antimalarial prescribing practices in two major
cities of Pakistan, namely, Islamabad (national capital) and its twin
city, Rawalpindi. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using
in-depth interview guides to collect data. Nineteen interviews with
doctors working at different public and private hospitals in Islamabad
and Rawalpindi were conducted at a place and time convenient for the
respondents. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and
evaluated by thematic content analysis and other author analysis.
Results: The interviews focused on three major components, i.e.,
treatment practices in malaria and influencing factors, role of Malaria
Control Program, and suggestions for improvements. Thematic content
analysis of these components yielded further themes: (1) Prevalence of
malaria, (2) Common trends of treatment, (3) Current scenario of
rational drug use, (4) Major contributing factors to irrational drug
use, (5) Use of antibiotics, (6) Role of healthcare system, (7) Role of
Malaria Control Program, (8) Role of hospital pharmacist, (9)
Collaborative efforts of doctors and pharmacists in promoting rational
treatment practices, and (10) Strategies to improve current treatment
practices. Conclusion: The current study showed that all the
respondents in the two cities agreed that irrational prescribing
practices, unavailability of drugs, lack of awareness and adherence of
prescribers to standard treatment guidelines, are the major factors
contributing to irrational drug use in malaria in Pakistan
Conventional and artificial intelligence based maximum power point tracking techniques for efficient solar power generation
No full textThe increasing global need for renewable energy sources, driven by environmental concerns and the limited availability of traditional energy, highlights the significance of solar energy. However, weather fluctuations challenge the efficiency of solar systems, making maximum power point tracking (MPPT) systems crucial for optimal energy harvesting. This study compares ten MPPT approaches, including both conventional and artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques. These controllers were designed and implemented using MATLAB Simulink, and their performance was evaluated under real environmental conditions with fluctuating irradiance and temperature. The results demonstrate that conventional techniques, such as incremental conductance (INC), Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental conductance and Particle Swam Optimization (INC-PSO), Fuzzy Logic Control and Particle Swam Optimization (FLC-PSO), and Perturb and Observe and Particle Swam Optimization (P&O-PSO), achieved accuracies of 94%, 97.6%, 98.9%, 98.7%, and 99.3% respectively. In contrast, AI-based intelligent techniques, including Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Artificial Neural Fuzzy Interference System (ANFIS), Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Particle Swam Optimization (PSO), and Artificial Neural Network and Particle Swam Optimization (ANN-PSO), outperform achieving higher accuracies of 97.8%, 99.9%, 98.9%, 99.2%, and 99%, respectively. Compared to available research, which often reports lower accuracies for conventional techniques, our study highlights the enhanced performance of AI-based methods. This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis, delivering critical analysis and practical guidance for engineers and researchers in selecting the most effective MPPT controller optimized to specific environmental conditions. By improving the efficiency and reliability of solar power systems, our research supports the advancement of sustainable energy solutions.© 2024 The Author(s). Engineering Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided theoriginal work is properly cited.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed
Why Don't Medical Practitioners Treat Malaria Rationally? A Qualitative Study from Pakistan
No full textPurpose: To explore medical practitioners’ perceptions towards
irrational malaria treatment practices in Pakistan. Methods: A
qualitative study was designed to explore the perceptions of medical
practitioners regarding antimalarial prescribing practices in two major
cities of Pakistan, namely, Islamabad (national capital) and its twin
city, Rawalpindi. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using
in-depth interview guides to collect data. Nineteen interviews with
doctors working at different public and private hospitals in Islamabad
and Rawalpindi were conducted at a place and time convenient for the
respondents. The interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and
evaluated by thematic content analysis and other author analysis.
Results: The interviews focused on three major components, i.e.,
treatment practices in malaria and influencing factors, role of Malaria
Control Program, and suggestions for improvements. Thematic content
analysis of these components yielded further themes: (1) Prevalence of
malaria, (2) Common trends of treatment, (3) Current scenario of
rational drug use, (4) Major contributing factors to irrational drug
use, (5) Use of antibiotics, (6) Role of healthcare system, (7) Role of
Malaria Control Program, (8) Role of hospital pharmacist, (9)
Collaborative efforts of doctors and pharmacists in promoting rational
treatment practices, and (10) Strategies to improve current treatment
practices. Conclusion: The current study showed that all the
respondents in the two cities agreed that irrational prescribing
practices, unavailability of drugs, lack of awareness and adherence of
prescribers to standard treatment guidelines, are the major factors
contributing to irrational drug use in malaria in Pakistan
